Traube is a German surname meaning "grape". Notable people with the surname include:

Hermann Traube (1860–1913), German mineralogist Klaus Traube (1928–2016), prominent German opponent of nuclear power Ludwig Traube (physician) (1818–1876), physician Ludwig Traube (palaeographer) (1861–1907), palaeographer Moritz Traube (1826–1894), German chemist Wilhelm Traube (1866–1942), German chemist

Medicine Traube's space

See also Traub