Vilborg is both a given name and a surname. Notable people with the name include:

Vilborg Dagbjartsdóttir (1930–2021), Icelandic writer Vilborg Davíðsdóttir (born 1965), Icelandic writer Vilborg Sverrisdóttir (born 1957), Icelandic freestyle swimmer Ebbe Vilborg (1926–2018), Swedish philologist