The Eurociudad Vasca Bayona-San Sebastián (; ; ; ) is the name given to the urban cross-border region located between Spain and France along the coast of the Cantabrian Sea in the Bay of Biscay.
Given the progressive European integration and the disappearance of internal borders in the European Union, as of 1993 various local institutions on both sides of the border created cross-border cooperation agreements that have led to the creation of a cross-border city project that brings together 42 local entities, both Spanish and French. This project covers the realization of common projects (synergies in the tourism sector, freight transport, use of common infrastructures, etc.). The consortium that directs the project has the legal entity of a European economic interest group (Groupement européen d'intérêt économique). In the future it could become a eurodistrict.
The project is based on the existence of a real urban region that crosses the border, on the existence of synergies and complementarities between both sides of the border and on the existence of a common Basque cultural base. The three official languages of the institution are Spanish, French and Basque.
Description The Basque Eurocity stretches linearly for just over 50 km along the Basque Coast. On the one hand, it encompasses the coastal region of the French department of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques (Côte Basque), between the mouth of the Adour River and the Bidasoa River. It is a relatively flat and traditionally tourism-oriented region, heavily urbanized, but with a relatively low population density, since a large part of the homes are single-family homes, second homes or are tourism-oriented.
On the other side of the Bidasoa river, the Eurocity extends through the Gipuzkoan regions of Bidasoaldea, San Sebastián region and part of Urola Kosta, reaching the town of Getaria at one end. The Spanish part is geographically more rugged than the French, being therefore less urbanized, but it has a different urban typology, with locations with a higher population density and a more industrial character; so it has a larger population.
The two poles of the Eurocity are the city of San Sebastián, on the one hand, and the BAB District (Bayonne-Anglet-Biarritz) on the other. At its central axis are the towns of Hondarribia, Irun and Hendaye, which have further deepened cross-border relations with the Bidasoa-Txingudi Consortium.
Localities that comprise it The Eurocity has approximately 620,000 inhabitants divided into 42 local entities.
25 French communes, all of them belonging to the Department of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques and the Basque-French Country (historical province of Labort):
+CityPopulationAhetze1,318Anglet36,800Arbonne1,375Arcangues2,733Ascain 3,097Bassussarry 1,817Bayonne 44,300Biarritz30,055Bidart 4,670Biriatou 831 Boucau 7,007Ciboure 6,283Guéthary 1,284Halsou 503 Hendaye 12,596Jatxou 811 Lahonce 1,890Larressore 1,320Saint Jean de Luz13,247Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle4,331Sara 2,184Souraïde1,082Saint-Pierre-d'Irube3,873Urrugne 7,043 Villefranque 1,742Total192,192
17 Spanish municipalities, all of them belonging to the Province of Gipuzkoa in the Basque Autonomous Community:
+CityPopulationAia1,751 Andoain13,993Astigarraga4,388Hondarribia16,073Getaria2,547Hernani19,138Irun60,261Lasarte-Oria17,647Lezo5,912Orio4,643Oiartzun9,728Pasaia16,104Errenteria39,276Donostia-San Sebastián183,308Urnieta 6,094Usurbil 5,669Zarautz22,353Total428,885
History On 18 January 1993, Henri Grenet, president of the Bayonne-Anglet-Biarritz District, and Eli Galdos, deputy general of the Gipuzkoa Provincial Council, signed a cross-border cooperation agreement that would be the germ of the Basque Eurocity."Genesis". Eurociudad.org. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
In 1997 the Bayonne-San Sebastián cross-border observatory was created by the Provincial Council of Gipuzkoa and the Bayonne-Anglet-Biarritz District (converted into the Bayonne-Anglet-Biarritz agglomeration community),Barbería, José Luis (25 February 1997). "San Sebastián and Bayonne lay the foundations for a 'Eurocity'". El País. Retrieved 14 March 2020. under the legal form of an Association European Economic Interest.
In 2001, the Bidasoa-Txingudi Consortium, which brought together the municipalities of Irun, Hondarribia and Hendaye, joined the Eurocity.
References
External links
Official site