Empress Dowager Cao (曹太后) may refer to:
Empress Dowager Cao (Li Cunxu's mother) (died 925), empress dowager of Later Tang during the reign of Li Cunxu Empress Cao (Li Siyuan's wife) (died 937), empress dowager of Later Tang during the reigns of Li Conghou and Li Congke Empress Cao (Song dynasty) (1016–1079), empress consort and empress dowager of the Song dynasty
See also Empress Cao (disambiguation)