Gause is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Fred Gause (1879–1944) Justice of the Indiana Supreme Court Georgy Gause (1910–1986), Russian biologist Jesse Gause (1785–c. 1836), early leader in the Latter Day Saint movement Nora Trueblood Gause, (1851-1955), American humanitarian Paul Gause (born 1986), American college basketball player Quentin Gause (born 1992), American football player Rufus Hollis Gause (1925–2015), US theologian