The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Romania:
Romania – unitary semi-presidential republic located in Central-Southeastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea to the south-east, between Bulgaria and Ukraine. It also borders Hungary to the west, Serbia to the south-west, and the Republic of Moldova to the east. It covers 238,391 square kilometres (92,043 sq mi) and has a predominantly temperate continental climate.
With 19 million inhabitants (as of early 2022), it is the seventh most populous member state of the European Union (EU). Its capital and largest city, Bucharest, is the fourth largest city in the EU. It encompasses the historical regions of Wallachia (including Dobruja), Moldavia (including Bukovina), Transylvania (including Banat, Maramureș, and Crișana). Romania derives from the Latin romanus, meaning "citizen of Rome".
General reference
Pronunciation: Common English country name: Romania Official English country name: Romania Common endonym(s): România Official endonym(s): Român Adjectival(s): Romanian Demonym(s): Romanian Etymology: Name of Romania ISO country codes: RO, ROU, 642 ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:RO Internet country code top-level domain: .ro
Geography of Romania
Geography of Romania Romania is: a country a member state of the European Union a member state of NATO Location: Northern Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere Eurasia Europe Central Europe Eastern Europe Time zone: Eastern European Time (UTC+02), Eastern European Summer Time (UTC+03) Extreme points of Romania High: Moldoveanu Low: Black Sea 0 m Land boundaries: 2,508 km 608 km 531 km 476 km 450 km 443 km Coastline: Black Sea 225 km Population of Romania: 19,638,000 (2017) – 65th most populous country Area of Romania: 238,391 km2 Atlas of Romania
Environment of Romania
Climate of Romania Environmental issues in Romania Renewable energy in Romania Geology of Romania Protected areas of Romania Wildlife of Romania Flora of Romania Fauna of Romania Birds of Romania Mammals of Romania
Geographic features of Romania
Glaciers of Romania Islands of Romania Lakes of Romania Mountains of Romania Rivers of Romania World Heritage Sites in Romania
Regions of Romania
Administrative divisions of Romania Administrative divisions of Romania Regions of Romania Counties of Romania Municipalities of Romania
Regions of Romania
Development regions of Romania These are the 8 development regions in Romania, which (with the exception of București-Ilfov) are named by their geographical position in the country: Macroregiunea 1: Nord-Vest (6 counties) Centru (6 counties) Macroregiunea 2: Nord-Est (6 counties) Sud-Est (6 counties) Macroregiunea 3: Sud-Muntenia (7 counties) București-Ilfov (1 county and Bucharest) Macroregiunea 4: Sud-Vest Oltenia (5 counties) Vest (4 counties)
Counties of Romania Counties of Romania
Name Commonabbrev. Capital Area (km2) Alba AB Alba Iulia 6,242 Arad AR Arad 7,754 Argeș AG Pitești 6,862 Bacău BC Bacău 6,621 Bihor BH Oradea 7,544 Bistrița-Năsăud BN Bistrița 5,355 Botoșani BT Botoșani 4,986 Brașov BV Brașov 5,363 Brăila BR Brăila 4,766 Buzău BZ Buzău 6,103 Caraș-Severin CS Reșița 8,514 Călărași CL Călărași 5,088 Cluj CJ Cluj-Napoca 6,674 Constanța CT Constanța 7,071 Covasna CV Sfântu Gheorghe 3,710 Dâmbovița DB Târgoviște 4,054 Dolj DJ Craiova 7,414 Galați GL Galați 4,466 Giurgiu GR Giurgiu 3,526 Gorj GJ Târgu Jiu 5,602 Harghita HR Miercurea Ciuc 6,639 Hunedoara HD Deva 7,063 Ialomița IL Slobozia 4,453 Iași IS Iași 5,476 Ilfov IF Buftea 1,583 Maramureș MM Baia Mare 6,304 Mehedinți MH Drobeta-Turnu Severin 4,933 Mureș MS Târgu Mureș 6,714 Neamț NT Piatra Neamț 5,896 Olt OT Slatina 5,498 Prahova PH Ploiești 4,716 Satu Mare SM Satu Mare 4,418 Sălaj SJ Zalău 3,864 Sibiu SB Sibiu 5,432 Suceava SV Suceava 8,553 Teleorman TR Alexandria 5,790 Timiș TM Timișoara 8,697 Tulcea TL Tulcea 8,499 Vaslui VS Vaslui 5,318 Vâlcea VL Râmnicu Vâlcea 5,765 Vrancea VN Focșani 4,857 București B (Bucharest municipality) 228
Municipalities of Romania Municipalities of Romania Capital of Romania: Bucharest Cities of Romania
Demography of Romania Demographics of Romania
Neighbours of Romania Ukraine Republic of Moldova Bulgaria Serbia Hungary
Government and politics of Romania
Form of government: unitary semi-presidential representative democratic republic Capital of Romania: Bucharest Elections in Romania Political parties in Romania Corruption scandals in Romania
Branches of the government of Romania Government of Romania
Executive branch of the government of Romania Head of state: President of Romania, Nicușor Dan Presidents of Romania Head of government: Prime Minister of Romania, Ilie Bolojan Prime ministers of Romania Cabinet of Romania
Legislative branch of the government of Romania Parliament of Romania – bicameral, composed of two equal houses: The Chamber of Deputies of Romania The Senate of Romania
Judicial branch of the government of Romania Court system of Romania Supreme Court of Romania
Foreign relations of Romania Foreign relations of Romania Diplomatic missions in Romania Diplomatic missions of Romania
International organization membership Romania is a member of:
Australia Group Bank for International Settlements (BIS) Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone (BSEC) Central European Initiative (CEI) Confederation of European Paper Industries (CEPI) Council of Europe (CE) Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC) European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) European Investment Bank (EIB) European Space Agency (ESA) European Union (EU) Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Group of 9 (G9) International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) International Criminal Court (ICCt) International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol) International Development Association (IDA) International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS) International Finance Corporation (IFC) International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) International Labour Organization (ILO) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Olympic Committee (IOC) International Organization for Migration (IOM) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM) International Telecommunication Union (ITU) International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO) International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC)
Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) Latin American Integration Association (LAIA) (observer) Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) Nonaligned Movement (NAM) (guest) North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF) Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) Organization of American States (OAS) (observer) Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) Southeast European Cooperative Initiative (SECI) United Nations (UN) United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL) United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS) United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia (UNOMIG) United Nations Operation in Cote d'Ivoire (UNOCI) United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC) Uniunea Latină Universal Postal Union (UPU) Western European Union (WEU) (associate partner) World Confederation of Labour (WCL) World Customs Organization (WCO) World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU) World Health Organization (WHO) World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) World Meteorological Organization (WMO) World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) World Trade Organization (WTO) Zangger Committee (ZC)
Law and order in Romania Law of Romania Capital punishment in Romania Constitution of Romania Crime in Romania Human rights in Romania LGBT rights in Romania Freedom of religion in Romania Law enforcement in Romania
Military of Romania Military of Romania Command Commander-in-chief: President of Romania Ministry of Defence of Romania Forces Army of Romania Navy of Romania Air Force of Romania Special forces of Romania Military history of Romania Military ranks of Romania
Local government in Romania Local government in Romania
History of Romania History of Romania
History of Romania, by period Timeline of Romanian history Prehistoric Romania Dacia Roman Dacia Romania in the Middle Ages Early Modern Romania United Principalities Kingdom of Romania Kings of Romania Romanian Campaign (World War I) Greater Romania Romania during World War II Socialist Republic of Romania Romanian Revolution History of Romania since 1989 Current events of Romania
History of Romania, by region Bessarabia Dobruja Moldavia Wallachia List of rulers of Wallachia Transylvania
History of Romania, by subject History of the Jews in Romania Military history of Romania Romanian Armed Forces ranks and insignia Romanian mythology
Culture of Romania Culture of Romania Romanian Academy Architecture of Romania Cuisine of Romania Customs of Romania Romanian Christmas customs Ethnic minorities in Romania Festivals in Romania Folklore of Romania Holidays in Romania Humor in Romania Media in Romania Mythology of Romania National symbols of Romania Coat of arms of Romania Flag of Romania National anthem of Romania People of Romania Philosophy of Romania Prostitution in Romania Public holidays in Romania Records of Romania World Heritage Sites in Romania
Art in Romania Art in Romania Architecture of Romania Cinema of Romania Dance in Romania Literature of Romania Music of Romania Romanian rock music National anthem of Romania Television in Romania Theatre in Romania
Languages of Romania Languages of Romania Romanian language Moldovan language Istro-Romanian language Megleno-Romanian language Aromanian language Hungarian language
People of Romania Common Romanian surnames Eastern name order used in Romanian personal names
Romanians Romanians List of Romanians List of Romanian writers List of Romanian poets List of Romanian monarchs List of famous Romanians
Romanian diaspora Romanian diaspora Romanian American List of Romanian Americans Romanian Canadian Romanian French Romanians of Australia Romanians in Bulgaria Romanians of Serbia
Religion in Romania Religion in Romania Christianity in Romania Baptist Union of Romania Convention of the Hungarian Baptist Churches of Romania Romanian Orthodox Church Hinduism in Romania Islam in Romania Judaism in Romania
Sports in Romania Sports in Romania Football in Romania Romania at the Olympics
Economy and infrastructure of Romania Economy of Romania Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 42nd (forty-second) Agriculture in Romania Banking in Romania National Bank of Romania Communications in Romania Internet in Romania Romanian-language television stations Radio stations in Romania Companies of Romania Supermarkets in Romania Antena 1 Billa Angst La Fourmi Vodafone Romania Orange Romania Romanian Television List of newspapers in Romania Automobile Dacia Currency of Romania: Leu ISO 4217: RON Energy in Romania Energy policy of Romania Oil industry in Romania Mining in Romania