The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Russia.
The Russian Federation, commonly known as Russia, is the largest country in the world, covering , more than an eighth of the Earth's land area. Russia is a transcontinental country extending across the whole of northern Asia and 40% of Europe; it spans 11 time zones and incorporates a great range of environments and landforms. With 143 million people, Russia is the ninth most populated country. Russia has the world's largest mineral and energy resources, has the world's largest forest reserves, and its lakes contain approximately one-quarter of the Earth's fresh liquid water.
General reference
Pronunciation: Common English country name: Russia Official English country name: The Russian Federation Common endonym(s): Россия (Rossiya) Official endonym(s): Российская Федерация (Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) Adjectival(s): Russian Demonym(s): Etymology: Name of Russia International rankings of Russia ISO country codes: RU, RUS, 643 ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:RU Internet country code top-level domain: .ru, .su and .рф
Geography of Russia
Geography of Russia Russia is: a Country Location: transcontinental (lies in both Europe and Asia) Eastern Hemisphere Northern Hemisphere Eurasia Europe Eastern Europe Asia North Asia Time zones: Kaliningrad Time – UTC+02 Moscow Time – UTC+03 Samara Time – UTC+04 Yekaterinburg Time – UTC+05 Omsk Time – UTC+06 Krasnoyarsk Time – UTC+07 Irkutsk Time – UTC+08 Yakutsk Time – UTC+9 Vladivostok Time – UTC+10 Magadan Time – UTC+11 Kamchatka Time – UTC+12 Extreme points of Russia High: Mount Elbrus – highest point in Europe Low: Caspian Sea – lowest point in Europe Land boundaries: Russia recognizes Abkhazia and South Ossetia as independent states, thus bordering in total 16 countries, more than any other country. If only widely recognized states counted, Russia ties with China, each bordering 14 countries.
, including:
Coastline: Russia also borders the Caspian Sea, a remnant of the ancient Paratethys Sea. Population of Russia: 142,942,000 people (2010 census) – 8th most populous country Area of Russia: – 1st largest country Atlas of Russia
Mercator projection distorts Russia's appearance from crescent-like shape (as seen on a globe) into a fish-like or bear-like outline; also making the uninhabited area of Russia (e.g. food-less cold tundra and taiga) look 3-4 times bigger than it already is.
Environment of Russia
Environment of Russia Climate of Russia Climate change in Russia Environmental issues in Russia Climate change in Russia Ecoregions in Russia Renewable energy in Russia Geology of Russia National Parks of Russia Nature Reserves ("Zapovedniks") in Russia Ramsar Wetlands in Russia Protected areas of Russia Wildlife of Russia Fauna of Russia Birds of Russia Mammals of Russia
Geographic features of Russia Fjords in Russia Glaciers of Russia Islands of Russia Lakes of Russia Caspian Sea (lake with 1.3% salinity, about a third the salinity of seawater. Compare with Great Salt Lake.) Mountains of Russia Caucasus Mountains Ural Mountains East Siberian Mountains South Siberian Mountains Volcanoes in Russia Plains of Russia West Siberian Plain East Siberian Plain Central Yakutian Plain Rivers of Russia Waterfalls of Russia Valleys of Russia World Heritage Sites in Russia
Regions of Russia
Central Russia North Caucasus Siberia Russian Far East Economic regions of Russia
Ecoregions of Russia
List of ecoregions in Russia Ecoregions in Russia
Subdivisions of Russia
Subdivisions of Russia
Federal subjects of Russia (83) Republics of Russia (22) Oblasts of Russia (46) Krais of Russia (9) Autonomous oblasts of Russia (1) Autonomous okrugs of Russia (4) Federal cities of Russia (3) Types of inhabited localities in Russia List of cities and towns in Russia
Republics of Russia 1. Republic of Adygea11. Komi Republic21. Chuvash Republic 2. Altai Republic12. Mari El Republic22. Crimea (disputed)3. Republic of Bashkortostan13. Republic of Mordovia4. Buryat Republic14. Sakha (Yakutia) Republic5. Republic of Dagestan15. Republic of North Ossetia–Alania6. Republic of Ingushetia16. Republic of Tatarstan7. Kabardino-Balkar Republic17. Tuva Republic8. Republic of Kalmykia18. Udmurt Republic9. Karachay–Cherkess Republic19. Republic of Khakassia10. Republic of Karelia20. Chechen Republic
Oblasts of Russia
1. Amur Oblast 2. Arkhangelsk Oblast 3. Astrakhan Oblast 4. Belgorod Oblast 5. Bryansk Oblast 6. Chelyabinsk Oblast 7. Chita Oblast (former) 8. Irkutsk Oblast 9. Ivanovo Oblast 10. Kaliningrad Oblast11. Kaluga Oblast 12. Kemerovo Oblast 13. Kirov Oblast 14. Kostroma Oblast 15. Kurgan Oblast 16. Kursk Oblast 17. Leningrad Oblast 18. Lipetsk Oblast 19. Magadan Oblast 20. Moscow Oblast21. Murmansk Oblast 22. Nizhny Novgorod Oblast 23. Novgorod Oblast 24. Novosibirsk Oblast 25. Omsk Oblast 26. Orenburg Oblast 27. Oryol Oblast 28. Penza Oblast 29. Pskov Oblast 30. Rostov Oblast31. Ryazan Oblast 32. Sakhalin Oblast 33. Samara Oblast 34. Saratov Oblast 35. Smolensk Oblast 36. Sverdlovsk Oblast 37. Tambov Oblast 38. Tomsk 39. Tver Oblast 40. Tula Oblast41. Tyumen Oblast 42. Ulyanovsk Oblast 43. Vladimir Oblast 44. Volgograd Oblast 45. Vologda Oblast 46. Voronezh Oblast 47. Yaroslavl Oblast
Krais of Russia
1.Altai Krai 2.Kamchatka Krai 3.Khabarovsk Krai4.Krasnodar Krai 5.Krasnoyarsk Krai 6.Perm Krai7.Primorsky Krai 8.Stavropol Krai 9.Zabaykalsky Krai
Autonomous oblasts of Russia
Autonomous okrugs of Russia
1. Chukotka Autonomous Okrug 2. Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug 3. Nenets Autonomous Okrug 4. Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
Federal cities of Russia
Moscow Saint Petersburg
Municipalities of Russia
Demographics of Russia
Demographics of Russia 2002 Census
Government and politics of Russia
Politics of Russia Form of government: federal semi-presidential republic Capital of Russia: Moscow Anarchism in Russia The Development of Capitalism in Russia Controversy in Russia regarding the legitimacy of eastward NATO expansion Elections in Russia Term limits in Russia Liberalism in Russia Mass surveillance in Russia Opposition to Vladimir Putin in Russia Organisations banned in Russia Political parties in Russia Propaganda in Russia Taxation in Russia
Branches of the government of Russia
Government of Russia
Executive branch of the government of Russia Head of state: President of Russia, Vladimir Putin State Council of the Russian Federation (advisory board to the Head of State) Presidential Administration of Russia (President's support staff) Head of government: Prime Minister of Russia, Mikhail Mishustin Public Chamber of Russia 17 Ministries 7 Federal Services 30+ Federal Agencies
Legislative branch of the government of Russia
Federal Assembly of Russia (bicameral parliament) Upper house: Federation Council of Russia Lower house: State Duma
Judicial branch of the government of Russia
Judiciary of Russia Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation Supreme Court of Russia
Foreign relations of Russia
Foreign relations of Russia Diplomatic missions of Russia Diplomatic missions in Russia International counter-terrorism operations of Russia
International organization membership The Russian Federation is a member of:
Arctic Council Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) (dialogue partner) Association of Southeast Asian Nations Regional Forum (ARF) Bank for International Settlements (BIS) Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone (BSEC) Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) Council of Europe (CE) Council of the Baltic Sea States (CBSS) Eurasian Economic Community (EAEC) Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC) European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) (observer) General Confederation of Trade Unions (GCTU) Group of Eight (G8) Group of Twenty Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors (G20) International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) International Criminal Court (ICCt) (signatory) International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol) International Development Association (IDA) International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS) International Finance Corporation (IFC) International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) International Labour Organization (ILO) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Olympic Committee (IOC) International Organization for Migration (IOM) (observer) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM) International Telecommunication Union (ITU) International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO) International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) Latin American Integration Association (LAIA) (observer) Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) Nonaligned Movement (NAM) (guest) Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) (observer) Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (accession state) Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) Organization of American States (OAS) (observer) Paris Club Partnership for Peace (PFP) Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) United Nations (UN) United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL) United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS) United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia (UNOMIG) United Nations Operation in Cote d'Ivoire (UNOCI) United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC) United Nations Security Council (permanent member) United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO) Universal Postal Union (UPU) World Customs Organization (WCO) World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU) World Health Organization (WHO) World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) World Meteorological Organization (WMO) World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) World Trade Organization (WTO) (observer) World Veterans Federation Zangger Committee (ZC)
Law and order in Russia
Law of Russia Abortion in Russia Animal welfare and rights in Russia Classified information in Russia Constitution of Russia Gun control in Russia Hunting in Russia History of international law in Russia Types of legal entities in Russia Martial law in Russia
Crime in Russia Crime in Russia Cannabis in Russia Corruption in Russia People accused of bribery in Russia Gambling in Russia Homicide in Russia Mass shootings in Russia Massacres in Russia Human trafficking in Russia Prostitution in Russia
Human rights in Russia Human rights in Russia Racism in Russia LGBT rights in Russia Recognition of same-sex unions in Russia Freedom of assembly in Russia Freedom of religion in Russia Media freedom in Russia
Law enforcement in Russia Law enforcement in Russia Capital punishment in Russia Prisons in Russia Life imprisonment in Russia
Military of Russia
Military of Russia Command Commander-in-chief:President of the Russian Federation Russian Armed Forces Russian Ground Forces Russian Navy Russian Aerospace Forces