The 1st National People's Congress (NPC) was in session from 1954 to 1959. It held four sessions in this period. There were 1,226 deputies to the Congress. These were the first legislative elections to take place after the founding of the People's Republic of China.
Background In accordance with the rules set by the 1st National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, the first set of deputies to the NPC were elected in the spring and summer of 1954, the first elections under the 1953 Electoral Law which set rules for elections in the PRC, by the following:
Provincial legislatures Legislative councils of the directly administered cities Regional legislature of Inner Mongolia
Seat distribution Major partyChairmanSeatsChinese Communist PartyMao Zedong1,048Other PartiesChairpersonSeatsChinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic PartyZhang Bojun178Jiusan SocietyXu DehengChina Democratic LeagueZhang LanShen JunruChina Association for Promoting DemocracyMa XulunChina National Democratic Construction AssociationHuang YanpeiRevolutionary Committee of the Chinese KuomintangLi JishenTaiwan Democratic Self-Government LeagueXie XuehongChina Zhi Gong PartyChen QiyouIndependentsN/A
The first session
The first plenary session was held in September 1954. The Congress passed the 1954 Constitution of the People's Republic of China. It elected the state leaders:
Chairman of the People's Republic of China: Mao Zedong Vice Chairman of the People's Republic of China: Zhu De Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress: Liu Shaoqi Premier of the State Council: Zhou Enlai President of the Supreme People's Court: Dong Biwu Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate: Zhang Dingcheng
Chairmanship Election Candidates For Against Abstain Mao Zedong 1210 0 0 Vice Chairmanship Election Candidates For Against Abstain Zhu De 1210 0 0
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