This list shows the IUCN Red List status of the 101 mammal species occurring in Bulgaria. Two of them are endangered, eleven are vulnerable, and four are near threatened.
Order: Rodentia (rodents)
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb). Suborder: Sciurognathi Family: Sciuridae (squirrels) Subfamily: Sciurinae Tribe: Sciurini Genus: Sciurus Red squirrel, S. vulgaris Subfamily: Xerinae Tribe: Marmotini Genus: Spermophilus European ground squirrel, Spermophilus citellus Family: Spalacidae (mole-rats) Genus: Spalax Lesser mole-rat, S. leucodon Family: Gliridae (dormice) Subfamily: Leithiinae Genus: Dryomys Forest dormouse, Dryomys nitedula Genus: Muscardinus Hazel dormouse, Muscardinus avellanarius Genus: Myomimus Roach's mouse-tailed dormouse, Myomimus roachi Subfamily: Glirinae Genus: Glis European edible dormouse, Glis glis Family: Dipodidae (jerboas) Subfamily: Sicistinae Genus: Sicista Southern birch mouse, Sicista subtilis Family: Spalacidae Subfamily: Spalacinae Genus: Nannospalax Lesser mole rat, Nannospalax leucodon Family: Cricetidae Subfamily: Cricetinae Genus: Cricetulus Grey dwarf hamster, Cricetulus migratorius Genus: Cricetus European hamster, C. cricetus Genus: Mesocricetus Romanian hamster, Mesocricetus newtoni Subfamily: Arvicolinae Genus: Arvicola European water vole, A. amphibius Genus: Chionomys Snow vole, C. nivalis Genus: Clethrionomys Bank vole, Clethrionomys glareolus Genus: Microtus Common vole, Microtus arvalis Günther's vole, Microtus guentheri Southern vole, Microtus rossiaemeridionalis European pine vole, Microtus subterraneus Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.) Subfamily: Murinae Genus: Apodemus Striped field mouse, Apodemus agrarius Western broad-toothed field mouse, Apodemus epimelas Yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollis Wood mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus Ural field mouse, Apodemus uralensis Genus: Micromys Eurasian harvest mouse, M. minutus Genus: Mus House mouse, M. musculus Macedonian mouse, Mus macedonicus Steppe mouse, Mus spicilegus Genus: Rattus Brown rat, R. norvegicus Black rat, R. rattus
Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits) and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two. Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares) Genus: Lepus European hare, L. europaeus Genus: Oryctolagus European rabbit, O. cuniculus introduced
Order: Eulipotyphla (hedgehogs, shrews and moles) Hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines, shrews closely resemble mice, and moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs) Subfamily: Erinaceinae Genus: Erinaceus West European hedgehog, E. europaeus Family: Soricidae (shrews) Subfamily: Crocidurinae Genus: Crocidura Bicolored shrew, C. leucodon Lesser white-toothed shrew, C. suaveolens Genus: Suncus Etruscan shrew, Suncus etruscus Subfamily: Soricinae Tribe: Nectogalini Genus: Neomys Southern water shrew, Neomys anomalus Eurasian water shrew, Neomys fodiens Tribe: Soricini Genus: Sorex Common shrew, Sorex araneus Eurasian pygmy shrew, Sorex minutus Family: Talpidae (moles) Subfamily: Talpinae Tribe: Talpini Genus: Talpa European mole, Talpa europaea Levantine mole, Talpa levantis Stankovic's mole, Talpa stankovici
Order: Chiroptera (bats)
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals. Family: Vespertilionidae Subfamily: Myotinae Genus: Myotis Alcathoe bat, M. alcathoe Bechstein's bat, M. bechsteini Lesser mouse-eared bat, M. blythii Brandt's bat, M. brandti Long-fingered bat, M. capaccinii Pond bat, M. dasycneme Daubenton's bat, M. daubentonii Geoffroy's bat, M. emarginatus Greater mouse-eared bat, M. myotis Whiskered bat, M. mystacinus Natterer's bat, M. nattereri Subfamily: Vespertilioninae Genus: Barbastella Western barbastelle, B. barbastellus Genus: Eptesicus Northern bat, Eptesicus nilssoni Serotine bat, Eptesicus serotinus Genus: Hypsugo Savi's pipistrelle, H. savii Genus: Nyctalus Common noctule, N. noctula Greater noctule bat, N. lasiopterus Lesser noctule, N. leisleri Genus: Pipistrellus Nathusius' pipistrelle, P. nathusii Kuhl's pipistrelle, P. kuhlii Common pipistrelle, P. pipistrellus Soprano pipistrelle, P. pygmaeus Genus: Plecotus Brown long-eared bat, Plecotus auritus Grey long-eared bat, Plecotus austriacus Genus: Vespertilio Parti-coloured bat, Vespertilio murinus Subfamily: Miniopterinae Genus: Miniopterus Common bent-wing bat, M. schreibersii Family: Molossidae Genus: Tadarida European free-tailed bat, Tadarida teniotis Family: Rhinolophidae Subfamily: Rhinolophinae Genus: Rhinolophus Blasius's horseshoe bat, R. blasii Mediterranean horseshoe bat, R. euryale Greater horseshoe bat, R. ferrumequinum Lesser horseshoe bat, R. hipposideros Mehely's horseshoe bat, R. mehelyi
Order: Cetacea (whales)
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater. Suborder: Mysticeti Family: Balaenopteridae (rorquals) Genus: Balaenoptera Common minke whale, B. acutorostrata Suborder: Odontoceti Superfamily: Platanistoidea Family: Phocoenidae Genus: Phocoena Harbour porpoise, Phocoena phocoena Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins) Genus: Tursiops Common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus Genus: Delphinus Short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus delphis
Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition. Suborder: Feliformia Family: Felidae (cats) Subfamily: Felinae Genus: Felis European wildcat, F. silvestris Genus: Lynx Eurasian lynx, L. lynx Suborder: Caniformia Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes) Genus: Vulpes Red fox, V. vulpes Genus: Canis Golden jackal, C. aureus Gray wolf, C. lupus Eurasian wolf, C. l. lupus Family: Ursidae (bears) Genus: Ursus Brown bear, U. arctos Eurasian brown bear U. a. arctos Family: Mustelidae (mustelids) Genus: Mustela Stoat, M. erminea Steppe polecat, M. eversmannii Least weasel, M. nivalis European polecat, M. putorius Genus: Vormela Marbled polecat, V. peregusna Genus: Martes Beech marten, M. foina European pine marten, M. martes Genus: Meles European badger, M. meles Genus: Lutra Eurasian otter, L. lutra Family: Phocidae (earless seals) Genus: Monachus Mediterranean monk seal, M. monachus
Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans. Family: Bovidae (bovids) Subfamily: Bovidae Genus: Bison European bison, B. bonasus reintroduced Carpathian wisent, B. b. hungarorum Family: Suidae (pigs) Subfamily: Suinae Genus: Sus Wild boar, S. scrofa Family: Cervidae (deer) Subfamily: Cervinae Genus: Cervus Red deer, C. elaphus Genus: Dama European fallow deer, D. dama Subfamily: Capreolinae Genus: Capreolus Roe deer, C. capreolus Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats) Subfamily: Caprinae Genus: Capra Alpine ibex, C. ibex introduced Genus: Rupicapra Chamois, R. rupicapra
Locally extinct Mediterranean monk seal, Monachus monachus European mink, Mustela lutreola
See also List of chordate orders Lists of mammals by region List of prehistoric mammals Mammal classification List of mammals described in the 2000s
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