This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Brunei.This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature: EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. EW Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range. CR Critically endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. EN Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. NT Near threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future. LC Least concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species. DD Data deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.
Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories: LR/cd Lower risk/conservation dependent Species which were the focus of conservation programmes and may have moved into a higher risk category if that programme was discontinued. LR/nt Lower risk/near threatened Species which are close to being classified as vulnerable but are not the subject of conservation programmes. LR/lc Lower risk/least concern Species for which there are no identifiable risks.
Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)
Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered. Family: Dugongidae Genus: Dugong Dugong, D. dugon
Order: Scandentia (treeshrews) The treeshrews are small mammals native to the tropical forests of Southeast Asia. Although called treeshrews, they are not true shrews and are not all arboreal. Family: Tupaiidae (tree shrews) Genus: Tupaia Long-footed treeshrew, T. longipes Painted treeshrew, T. picta Large treeshrew, T. tana
Order: Dermoptera (colugos)
The two species of colugos make up the order Dermoptera. They are arboreal gliding mammals found in Southeast Asia.
Family: Cynocephalidae (flying lemurs) Genus: Galeopterus Sunda flying lemur, G. variegatus
Order: Primates The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, monkeys, and apes. Suborder: Strepsirrhini Infraorder: Lemuriformes Superfamily: Lorisoidea Family: Lorisidae Genus: Nycticebus Philippine slow loris, N. menagensis Suborder: Haplorhini Infraorder: Tarsiiformes Family: Tarsiidae (tarsiers) Genus: Cephalopachus Horsfield's tarsier, C. bancanus Infraorder: Simiiformes Parvorder: Catarrhini Superfamily: Cercopithecoidea Family: Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys) Genus: Macaca Crab-eating macaque, M. fascicularis Southern pig-tailed macaque, M. nemestrina Subfamily: Colobinae Genus: Presbytis Banded surili, Presbytis femoralis White-fronted surili, Presbytis frontata Hose's langur, Presbytis hosei Maroon leaf monkey, Presbytis rubicunda Genus: Nasalis Proboscis monkey, N. larvatus Superfamily: Hominoidea Family: Hylobatidae (gibbons) Genus: Hylobates Müller's bornean gibbon, Hylobates muelleri Family: Hominidae (great apes) Subfamily: Ponginae Genus: Pongo Bornean orangutan, P. pygmaeus presence uncertain
Order: Rodentia (rodents) Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).
Suborder: Hystricomorpha Family: Hystricidae (Old World porcupines) Genus: Hystrix Thick-spined porcupine, Hystrix crassispinis LR/nt Genus: Trichys Long-tailed porcupine, Trichys fasciculata LR/lc Suborder: Sciurognathi Family: Sciuridae (squirrels) Subfamily: Ratufinae Genus: Ratufa Cream-coloured giant squirrel, Ratufa affinis LR/lc Subfamily: Sciurinae Tribe: Pteromyini Genus: Aeromys Black flying squirrel, Aeromys tephromelas LR/lc Genus: Pteromyscus Smoky flying squirrel, Pteromyscus pulverulentus LR/nt Subfamily: Callosciurinae Genus: Exilisciurus Least pygmy squirrel, Exilisciurus exilis LR/lc Genus: Rhinosciurus Shrew-faced squirrel, Rhinosciurus laticaudatus LR/lc Genus: Sundasciurus Horse-tailed squirrel, Sundasciurus hippurus LR/lc
Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures) The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.
Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs) Subfamily: Galericinae Genus: Hylomys Bornean short-tailed gymnure, Hylomys dorsalis
Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons) The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
Family: Soricidae (shrews) Subfamily: Crocidurinae Genus: Crocidura Southeast Asian shrew, Crocidura fuliginosa LR/lc
Order: Chiroptera (bats) The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats) Subfamily: Pteropodinae Genus: Aethalops Pygmy fruit bat, Aethalops alecto LR/nt Genus: Balionycteris Spotted-winged fruit bat, Balionycteris maculata LR/lc Genus: Dyacopterus Dayak fruit bat, Dyacopterus spadiceus LR/nt Genus: Ptenochirus White-collared fruit bat, Ptenochirus wetmorei LR/lc Genus: Pteropus Large flying fox, Pteropus vampyrus LR/lc Subfamily: Macroglossinae Genus: Eonycteris Greater dawn bat, Eonycteris major LR/lc Family: Vespertilionidae Subfamily: Kerivoulinae Genus: Kerivoula Papillose woolly bat, Kerivoula papillosa LR/lc Clear-winged woolly bat, Kerivoula pellucida LR/lc Painted bat, Kerivoula picta LR/lc Whitehead's woolly bat, Kerivoula whiteheadi LR/lc Subfamily: Vespertilioninae Genus: Glischropus Common thick-thumbed bat, Glischropus tylopus LR/lc Genus: Hesperoptenus Blanford's bat, Hesperoptenus blanfordi LR/lc Genus: Hypsugo Big-eared pipistrelle, Hypsugo macrotis LR/nt Genus: Philetor Rohu's bat, Philetor brachypterus LR/lc Genus: Pipistrellus Kelaart's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus ceylonicus LR/lc Narrow-winged pipistrelle, Pipistrellus stenopterus LR/lc Subfamily: Murininae Genus: Murina Brown tube-nosed bat, Murina suilla LR/lc Family: Emballonuridae Genus: Emballonura Small Asian sheath-tailed bat, Emballonura alecto LR/lc Family: Rhinolophidae Subfamily: Rhinolophinae Genus: Rhinolophus Acuminate horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus acuminatus LR/lc Intermediate horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus affinis LR/lc Bornean horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus borneensis LR/lc Woolly horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus luctus LR/lc Lesser woolly horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus sedulus LR/lc Trefoil horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus trifoliatus LR/lc
Order: Pholidota (pangolins)
The order Pholidota comprises the eight species of pangolin. Pangolins are anteaters and have the powerful claws, elongated snout and long tongue seen in the other unrelated anteater species. Family: Manidae Genus: Manis Sunda pangolin, M. javanica
Order: Cetacea (whales) The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater. Suborder:Mysticeti Superfamily:Balaenopteroidea Family:Balaenopteridae Genus: Balaenoptera Common minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata LC Antarctic minke whale, Balaenoptera bonaerensis DD Sei whale, Balaenoptera borealis EN Bryde's whale, Balaenoptera brydei DD Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus EN Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus EN Genus: Megaptera Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae LC Suborder: Odontoceti Superfamily: Platanistoidea Family: Phocoenidae Genus: Neophocaena Finless porpoise, Neophocaena phocaenoides DD Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins) Genus: Feresa Pygmy killer whale, Feresa attenuata DD Genus: Globicephala Short-finned pilot whale, Globicephala macrorhynchus DD Genus: Sousa Indo-Pacific humpbacked dolphin, Sousa chinensis DD Genus: Tursiops Common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus LC Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops aduncus DD Genus: Lagenodelphis Fraser's dolphin, Lagenodelphis hosei DD Genus: Grampus Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus DD Genus: Orcaella Irrawaddy dolphin, O. brevirostris Genus: Orcinus Orca, O. orca Genus: Peponocephala Melon-headed whale, Peponocephala electra DD Genus: Pseudorca False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens DD Genus: Stenella Pantropical spotted dolphin, Stenella attenuata LC Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba LC Spinner dolphin, Stenella longirostris DD Genus: Steno Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis LC Family: Kogiidae Genus: Kogia Pygmy sperm whale, K. breviceps Dwarf sperm whale, Kogia sima DD Superfamily:Physeteroidea Family: Physeteridae (sperm whales) Genus: Physeter Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus VU Superfamily Ziphioidea Family: Ziphidae (beaked whales) Genus: Indopacetus Tropical bottlenose whale, Indopacetus pacificus DD Genus: Mesoplodon Blainville's beaked whale, Mesoplodon densirostris DD Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale, Mesoplodon ginkgodens DD Genus: Ziphius Cuvier's beaked whale, Ziphius cavirostris DD
Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition. Suborder: Feliformia Family: Felidae (cats) Subfamily: Felinae Genus: Catopuma Bay cat, C. badia presence uncertain Genus: Pardofelis Marbled cat, P. marmorata Genus: Prionailurus Sunda leopard cat, P. javanensis Flat-headed cat, P. planiceps Subfamily: Pantherinae Genus: Neofelis Sunda clouded leopard, N. diardi Family: Viverridae (civets, mongooses, etc.) Subfamily: Paradoxurinae Genus: Arctictis Binturong, A. binturong Genus: Arctogalidia Small-toothed palm civet, A. trivirgata Genus: Paradoxurus Asian palm civet, P. hermaphroditus Subfamily: Hemigalinae Genus: Cynogale Otter civet, C. bennettii Genus: Hemigalus Banded palm civet, H. derbyanus Subfamily: Prionodontinae Genus: Prionodon Banded linsang, P. linsang Subfamily: Viverrinae Genus: Viverra Malayan civet, V. tangalunga Family: Herpestidae (mongooses) Genus: Urva Collared mongoose, U. semitorquata Suborder: Caniformia Family: Ursidae (bears) Genus: Helarctos Sun bear, H. malayanus Family: Mustelidae (mustelids) Genus: Aonyx Oriental small-clawed otter, A. cinereus Genus: Lutra Hairy-nosed otter, L. sumatrana possibly extirpated Genus: Lutrogale Smooth-coated otter, L. perspicillata Genus: Martes Yellow-throated marten, M. flavigula Genus: Mustela Malayan weasel, M. nudipes Genus: Mydaus Sunda stink badger, M. javanensis
Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)
The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.
Family: Rhinocerotidae Genus: Dicerorhinus Sumatran rhinoceros, D. sumatrensis extirpated
Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)