This is a list of the mammal species recorded in El Salvador. Of the mammal species in El Salvador, one is endangered, three are vulnerable, and two are near threatened.This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature: EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. EW Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range. CR Critically endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. EN Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. NT Near threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future. LC Least concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species. DD Data deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.
Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories: LR/cd Lower risk/conservation dependent Species which were the focus of conservation programmes and may have moved into a higher risk category if that programme was discontinued. LR/nt Lower risk/near threatened Species which are close to being classified as vulnerable but are not the subject of conservation programmes. LR/lc Lower risk/least concern Species for which there are no identifiable risks.
Subclass: Theria
Infraclass: Metatheria
Order: Didelphimorphia (common opossums)
Didelphimorphia is the order of common opossums of the Western Hemisphere. Opossums probably diverged from the basic South American marsupials in the late Cretaceous or early Paleocene. They are small to medium-sized marsupials, about the size of a large house cat, with a long snout and prehensile tail.
Family: Didelphidae (American opossums) Subfamily: Didelphinae Genus: Chironectes Water opossum, Chironectes minimus LR/nt Genus: Didelphis Common opossum, Didelphis marsupialis LR/lc Virginia opossum, Didelphis virginiana LR/lc Genus: Marmosa Mexican mouse opossum, Marmosa mexicana LR/lc Genus: Philander Gray four-eyed opossum, Philander opossum LR/lc
Infraclass: Eutheria
Order: Cingulata (armadillos)
The armadillos are small mammals with a bony armoured shell. They are native to the Americas. There are around 20 extant species.
Family: Dasypodidae (armadillos) Subfamily: Dasypodinae Genus: Dasypus Nine-banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus LC Subfamily: Tolypeutinae Genus: Cabassous Northern naked-tailed armadillo, Cabassous centralis DD
Order: Pilosa (anteaters, sloths and tamanduas)
The order Pilosa is extant only in the Americas and includes the anteaters, sloths, and tamanduas.
Suborder: Vermilingua Family: Myrmecophagidae (American anteaters) Genus: Myrmecophaga Giant anteater, Myrmecophaga tridactyla VU possibly extirpated Genus: Tamandua Northern tamandua, Tamandua mexicana LC
Order: Primates
The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, tarsiers, monkeys, and apes.
Suborder: Haplorhini Infraorder: Simiiformes Parvorder: Platyrrhini Family: Atelidae Subfamily: Atelinae Genus: Ateles Geoffroy's spider monkey, Ateles geoffroyi LC
Order: Rodentia (rodents) Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to .
Suborder: Hystricognathi Family: Erethizontidae (New World porcupines) Subfamily: Erethizontinae Genus: Coendou Mexican hairy dwarf porcupine, Coendou mexicanus LR/lc Family: Dasyproctidae (agoutis and pacas) Genus: Dasyprocta Central American agouti, Dasyprocta punctata LR/lc Family: Cuniculidae Genus: Cuniculus Lowland paca, Cuniculus paca LC Suborder: Sciurognathi Family: Sciuridae (squirrels) Subfamily: Sciurinae Tribe: Sciurini Genus: Sciurus Deppe's squirrel, Sciurus deppei LR/lc Variegated squirrel, Sciurus variegatoides LR/lc Family: Heteromyidae Subfamily: Heteromyinae Genus: Heteromys Desmarest's spiny pocket mouse, Heteromys desmarestianus LR/lc Salvin's spiny pocket mouse, Heteromys salvini LR/lc Family: Cricetidae Subfamily: Tylomyinae Genus: Nyctomys Sumichrast's vesper rat, Nyctomys sumichrasti LR/lc Genus: Ototylomys Big-eared climbing rat, Ototylomys phyllotis LR/lc Genus: Tylomys Peters's climbing rat, Tylomys nudicaudus LR/lc Subfamily: Neotominae Genus: Baiomys Southern pygmy mouse, Baiomys musculus LR/lc Genus: Habromys Crested-tailed deer mouse, Habromys lophurus LR/lc Genus: Neotoma Mexican woodrat, Neotoma mexicana LR/lc Genus: Peromyscus Aztec mouse, Peromyscus aztecus LR/lc Naked-eared deer mouse, Peromyscus gymnotis LR/lc Nimble-footed mouse, Peromyscus levipes LR/lc Stirton's deer mouse, Peromyscus stirtoni LR/lc Genus: Reithrodontomys Fulvous harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys fulvescens LR/lc Slender harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys gracilis LR/lc Mexican harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys mexicanus LR/lc Sumichrast's harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys sumichrasti LR/lc Genus: Scotinomys Alston's brown mouse, Scotinomys teguina LR/lc Subfamily: Sigmodontinae Genus: Oligoryzomys Fulvous pygmy rice rat, Oligoryzomys fulvescens LR/lc Genus: Oryzomys Alfaro's rice rat, Oryzomys alfaroi LR/lc Coues' rice rat, Oryzomys couesi LR/lc Long-nosed rice rat, Oryzomys rostratus LR/lc Cloud forest rice rat, Oryzomys saturatior LR/lc Genus: Rheomys Thomas's water mouse, Rheomys thomasi LR/lc Genus: Sigmodon Southern cotton rat, Sigmodon hirsutus LC
Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs) The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares) Genus: Sylvilagus Eastern cottontail, Sylvilagus floridanus LR/lc Central American tapetí, Sylvilagus gabbi LC
Order: Eulipotyphla (shrews, hedgehogs, moles, and solenodons) Eulipotyphlans are insectivorous mammals. Shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice, hedgehogs carry spines, while moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
Family: Soricidae (shrews) Subfamily: Soricinae Tribe: Blarinini Genus: Cryptotis Goodwin's broad-clawed shrew, Cryptotis goodwini LR/lc Honduran small-eared shrew, Cryptotis hondurensis VU Blackish small-eared shrew, Cryptotis nigrescens LR/lc North American least shrew, Cryptotis parva LR/lc
Order: Chiroptera (bats)
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
Family: Noctilionidae Genus: Noctilio Lesser bulldog bat, Noctilio albiventris LR/lc Greater bulldog bat, Noctilio leporinus LR/lc Family: Vespertilionidae Subfamily: Myotinae Genus: Myotis Elegant myotis, Myotis elegans LR/nt Hairy-legged myotis, Myotis keaysi LR/lc Black myotis, Myotis nigricans LR/lc Cave myotis, Myotis velifer LR/lc Subfamily: Vespertilioninae Genus: Eptesicus Brazilian brown bat, Eptesicus brasiliensis LR/lc Big brown bat, Eptesicus fuscus LR/lc Genus: Lasiurus Desert red bat, Lasiurus blossevillii LR/lc Southern yellow bat, Lasiurus ega LR/lc Northern yellow bat, Lasiurus intermedius LR/lc Genus: Rhogeessa Black-winged little yellow bat, Rhogeessa tumida LR/lc Family: Molossidae Genus: Eumops Black bonneted bat, Eumops auripendulus LR/lc Dwarf bonneted bat, Eumops bonariensis LR/lc Underwood's bonneted bat, Eumops underwoodi LR/nt Genus: Molossus Black mastiff bat, Molossus ater LR/lc Molossus coibensis LR/nt Velvety free-tailed bat, Molossus molossus LR/lc Sinaloan mastiff bat, Molossus sinaloae LR/lc Genus: Nyctinomops Broad-eared bat, Nyctinomops laticaudatus LR/lc Genus: Tadarida Mexican free-tailed bat, Tadarida brasiliensis LR/nt Family: Emballonuridae Genus: Balantiopteryx Gray sac-winged bat, Balantiopteryx plicata LR/lc Genus: Diclidurus Northern ghost bat, Diclidurus albus LR/lc Genus: Peropteryx Greater dog-like bat, Peropteryx kappleri LR/lc Lesser dog-like bat, Peropteryx macrotis LR/lc Genus: Rhynchonycteris Proboscis bat, Rhynchonycteris naso LR/lc Genus: Saccopteryx Greater sac-winged bat, Saccopteryx bilineata LR/lc Lesser sac-winged bat, Saccopteryx leptura LR/lc Family: Mormoopidae Genus: Mormoops Ghost-faced bat, Mormoops megalophylla LR/lc Genus: Pteronotus Naked-backed bat, Pteronotus davyi LR/lc Big naked-backed bat, Pteronotus gymnonotus LR/lc Parnell's mustached bat, Pteronotus parnellii LR/lc Wagner's mustached bat, Pteronotus personatus LR/lc Family: Phyllostomidae Subfamily: Phyllostominae Genus: Chrotopterus Big-eared woolly bat, Chrotopterus auritus LR/lc Genus: Lonchorhina Tomes's sword-nosed bat, Lonchorhina aurita LR/lc Genus: Macrophyllum Long-legged bat, Macrophyllum macrophyllum LR/lc Genus: Micronycteris Schmidts's big-eared bat, Micronycteris schmidtorum LR/lc Genus: Phyllostomus Pale spear-nosed bat, Phyllostomus discolor LR/lc Genus: Trachops Fringe-lipped bat, Trachops cirrhosus LR/lc Subfamily: Glossophaginae Genus: Anoura Geoffroy's tailless bat, Anoura geoffroyi LR/lc Genus: Choeroniscus Godman's long-tailed bat, Choeroniscus godmani LR/nt Genus: Choeronycteris Mexican long-tongued bat, Choeronycteris mexicana LR/nt Genus: Glossophaga Commissaris's long-tongued bat, Glossophaga commissarisi LR/lc Gray long-tongued bat, Glossophaga leachii LR/lc Pallas's long-tongued bat, Glossophaga soricina LR/lc Genus: Leptonycteris Southern long-nosed bat, Leptonycteris curasoae VU Subfamily: Carolliinae Genus: Carollia Silky short-tailed bat, Carollia brevicauda LR/lc Seba's short-tailed bat, Carollia perspicillata LR/lc Gray short-tailed bat, Carollia subrufa LR/lc Subfamily: Stenodermatinae Genus: Artibeus Aztec fruit-eating bat, Artibeus aztecus LR/lc Honduran fruit-eating bat, Artibeus inopinatus VU Jamaican fruit bat, Artibeus jamaicensis LR/lc Great fruit-eating bat, Artibeus lituratus LR/lc Pygmy fruit-eating bat, Artibeus phaeotis LR/lc Toltec fruit-eating bat, Artibeus toltecus LR/lc Genus: Centurio Wrinkle-faced bat, Centurio senex LR/lc Genus: Chiroderma Salvin's big-eyed bat, Chiroderma salvini LR/lc Hairy big-eyed bat, Chiroderma villosum LR/lc Genus: Enchisthenes Velvety fruit-eating bat, Enchisthenes hartii LR/lc Genus: Sturnira Little yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira lilium LR/lc Highland yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira ludovici LR/lc Genus: Uroderma Tent-making bat, Uroderma bilobatum LR/lc Brown tent-making bat, Uroderma magnirostrum LR/lc Genus: Vampyressa Southern little yellow-eared bat, Vampyressa pusilla LR/lc Genus: Vampyrodes Great stripe-faced bat, Vampyrodes caraccioli LR/lc Genus: Platyrrhinus Heller's broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus helleri LR/lc Subfamily: Desmodontinae Genus: Desmodus Common vampire bat, Desmodus rotundus LR/lc Genus: Diaemus White-winged vampire bat, Diaemus youngi LR/lc Genus: Diphylla Hairy-legged vampire bat, Diphylla ecaudata LR/nt