This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Russia. There are 266 mammal species in Russia, of which five are critically endangered, thirteen are endangered, twenty-six are vulnerable, and six are near threatened. One of the species listed for Russia is extinct and one can no longer be found in the wild. All the mammals of Russia are in the subclass Theria and infraclass Eutheria, being all placental.This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.

Order: Rodentia (rodents)

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to . Suborder: Hystricognathi Family: Hystricidae (Old World porcupines) Genus: Hystrix Indian crested porcupine, H. indica Suborder: Sciurognathi Family: Castoridae (beavers) Genus: Castor North American beaver, C. canadensis introduced Eurasian beaver, C. fiber Family: Sciuridae (squirrels) Subfamily: Sciurinae Tribe: Sciurini Genus: Sciurus Red squirrel, S. vulgaris Tribe: Pteromyini Genus: Pteromys Siberian flying squirrel, P. volans Subfamily: Xerinae Tribe: Marmotini Genus: Marmota Gray marmot, M. baibacina Bobak marmot, Marmota bobak Black-capped marmot, Marmota camtschatica Forest-steppe marmot, Marmota kastschenkoi Tarbagan marmot, Marmota sibirica Genus: Spermophilus Daurian ground squirrel, Spermophilus dauricus Red-cheeked ground squirrel, Spermophilus erythrogenys Russet ground squirrel, Spermophilus major Little ground squirrel, Spermophilus pygmaeus Speckled ground squirrel, Spermophilus suslicus Long-tailed ground squirrel, Spermophilus undulatus Genus: Eutamias Siberian chipmunk, E. sibiricus Family: Gliridae (dormice) Subfamily: Leithiinae Genus: Dryomys Forest dormouse, Dryomys nitedula Genus: Muscardinus Hazel dormouse, Muscardinus avellanarius Subfamily: Glirinae Genus: Glis European edible dormouse, Glis glis Family: Dipodidae (jerboas) Subfamily: Allactaginae Genus: Allactaga Small five-toed jerboa, Allactaga elater Great jerboa, Allactaga major Genus: Pygeretmus Dwarf fat-tailed jerboa, Pygeretmus pumilio Subfamily: Cardiocraniinae Genus: Salpingotus Heptner's pygmy jerboa, Salpingotus heptneri Subfamily: Dipodinae Genus: Dipus Northern three-toed jerboa, Dipus sagitta Genus: Stylodipus Thick-tailed three-toed jerboa, Stylodipus telum Subfamily: Sicistinae Genus: Sicista Northern birch mouse, Sicista betulina Caucasian birch mouse, Sicista caucasica Long-tailed birch mouse, Sicista caudata Kazbeg birch mouse, Sicista kazbegica Kluchor birch mouse, Sicista kluchorica Altai birch mouse, Sicista napaea Severtzov's birch mouse, Sicista severtzovi Strand's birch mouse, Sicista strandi Southern birch mouse, Sicista subtilis Family: Spalacidae Subfamily: Myospalacinae Genus: Myospalax False zokor, Myospalax aspalax Siberian zokor, Myospalax myospalax Transbaikal zokor, Myospalax psilurus Subfamily: Spalacinae Genus: Spalax Russian mole rat, Spalax giganteus Greater mole rat, Spalax microphthalmus Family: Cricetidae Subfamily: Cricetinae Genus: Cricetus European hamster, C. cricetus Genus: Cricetulus Chinese striped hamster, Cricetulus barabensis Long-tailed dwarf hamster, Cricetulus longicaudatus Grey dwarf hamster, Cricetulus migratorius Genus: Mesocricetus Ciscaucasian hamster, Mesocricetus raddei Genus: Phodopus Campbell's dwarf hamster, Phodopus campbelli Roborovski hamster, Phodopus roborovskii Winter white Russian dwarf hamster, Phodopus sungorus Genus: Tscherskia Greater long-tailed hamster, Tscherskia triton Subfamily: Arvicolinae Genus: Alticola Gobi Altai mountain vole, Alticola barakshin Lemming vole, Alticola lemminus Large-eared vole, Alticola macrotis Flat-headed vole, Alticola strelzowi Tuva silver vole, Alticola tuvinicus Genus: Arvicola European water vole, A. amphibius Genus: Chionomys Caucasian snow vole, Chionomys gud Robert's snow vole, Chionomys roberti Genus: Clethrionomys Bank vole, Clethrionomys glareolus Grey red-backed vole, Clethrionomys rufocanus Northern red-backed vole, Clethrionomys rutilus Shikotan vole, Clethrionomys sikotanensis Genus: Dicrostonyx Arctic lemming, Dicrostonyx torquatus Wrangel lemming, Dicrostonyx vinogradovi Genus: Lagurus Steppe lemming, Lagurus lagurus Genus: Lasiopodomys Brandt's vole, Lasiopodomys brandtii Genus: Lemmus Amur lemming, Lemmus amurensis Norway lemming, Lemmus lemmus Brown lemming, Lemmus sibiricus Genus: Microtus Field vole, Microtus agrestis Common vole, Microtus arvalis Daghestan pine vole, Microtus daghestanicus Evorsk vole, Microtus evoronensis Reed vole, Microtus fortis Narrow-headed vole, Microtus gregalis North Siberian vole, Microtus hyperboreus Maximowicz's vole, Microtus maximowiczii Middendorf's vole, Microtus middendorffi Mongolian vole, Microtus mongolicus Muisk vole, Microtus mujanensis Nasarov's vole, Microtus nasarovi Altai vole, Microtus obscurus Tundra vole, Microtus oeconomus Southern vole, Microtus rossiaemeridionalis Sakhalin vole, Microtus sachalinensis European pine vole, Microtus subterraneus Genus: Myopus Wood lemming, Myopus schisticolor Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.) Subfamily: Gerbillinae Genus: Meriones Mid-day jird, Meriones meridianus Tamarisk jird, Meriones tamariscinus Mongolian gerbil, Meriones unguiculatus Subfamily: Murinae Genus: Apodemus Striped field mouse, Apodemus agrarius Yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollis Yellow-breasted field mouse, Apodemus fulvipectus Korean field mouse, Apodemus peninsulae Black Sea field mouse, Apodemus ponticus Wood mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus Ural field mouse, Apodemus uralensis Genus: Micromys Eurasian harvest mouse, Micromys minutus Genus: Rattus Brown rat, R. norvegicus introduced Black rat, R. rattus

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two. Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares) Genus: Lepus European hare, L. europaeus Manchurian hare, L. mandshuricus Mountain hare, L. timidus Tolai hare, L. tolai Genus: Oryctolagus European rabbit, O. cuniculus introduced Family: Ochotonidae (pikas) Genus: Ochotona Alpine pika, O. alpina Daurian pika, O. dauurica Northern pika, O. hyperborea Pallas's pika, O. pallasi Steppe pika, O. pusilla

Order: Eulipotyphla (shrews, hedgehogs, gymnures, moles and solenodons)

Eulipotyphlans are insectivorous mammals. Shrews and solenodons resemble mice, hedgehogs carry spines, gymnures look more like large rats, while moles are stout-bodied burrowers. Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs) Subfamily: Erinaceinae Genus: Erinaceus Amur hedgehog, Erinaceus amurensis Southern white-breasted hedgehog, Erinaceus concolor West European hedgehog, Erinaceus europaeus Genus: Mesechinus Daurian hedgehog, Mesechinus dauuricus Genus: Hemiechinus Long-eared hedgehog, Hemiechinus auritus

Family: Soricidae (shrews) Subfamily: Crocidurinae Genus: Crocidura Gueldenstaedt's shrew, Crocidura gueldenstaedtii Ussuri white-toothed shrew, Crocidura lasiura Bicolored shrew, Crocidura leucodon Siberian shrew, Crocidura sibirica Lesser white-toothed shrew, C. suaveolens Subfamily: Soricinae Tribe: Nectogalini Genus: Neomys Eurasian water shrew, Neomys fodiens Tribe: Soricini Genus: Sorex Common shrew, Sorex araneus Laxmann's shrew, Sorex caecutiens Kamchatka shrew, Sorex camtschatica Siberian large-toothed shrew, Sorex daphaenodon Slender shrew, Sorex gracillimus Taiga shrew, Sorex isodon Paramushir shrew, Sorex leucogaster Eurasian least shrew, Sorex minutissimus Eurasian pygmy shrew, Sorex minutus Ussuri shrew, Sorex mirabilis Portenko's shrew, Sorex portenkoi Radde's shrew, Sorex raddei Flat-skulled shrew, Sorex roboratus Caucasian shrew, Sorex satunini Tundra shrew, Sorex tundrensis Long-clawed shrew, Sorex unguiculatus Caucasian pygmy shrew, Sorex volnuchini Family: Talpidae (moles) Subfamily: Talpinae Tribe: Desmanini Genus: Desmana Russian desman, Desmana moschata VU Tribe: Talpini Genus: Mogera Large mole, Mogera robusta Genus: Talpa Siberian mole, Talpa altaica Caucasian mole, Talpa caucasica European mole, Talpa europaea Levantine mole, Talpa levantis

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals. Family: Vespertilionidae Subfamily: Myotinae Genus: Myotis Sakhalin myotis, M. abei DD Bechstein's bat, M. bechsteini Lesser mouse-eared bat, M. blythii Far eastern myotis, M. bombinus LC Brandt's bat, M. brandti Long-fingered bat, M. capaccinii Pond bat, M. dasycneme Daubenton's bat, M. daubentonii Geoffroy's bat, M. emarginatus Fraternal myotis, Myotis frater LC Ikonnikov's bat, Myotis ikonnikovi LC Big-footed myotis, Myotis macrodactylus LC Whiskered bat, M. mystacinus Natterer's bat, M. nattereri Subfamily: Vespertilioninae Genus: Barbastella Western barbastelle, B. barbastellus Genus: Eptesicus Gobi big brown bat, Eptesicus gobiensis LC Northern bat, Eptesicus nilssoni LC Serotine bat, Eptesicus serotinus LC Genus: Nyctalus Birdlike noctule, Nyctalus aviator LC Greater noctule bat, N. lasiopterus Lesser noctule, N. leisleri Common noctule, N. noctula Genus: Pipistrellus Nathusius' pipistrelle, P. nathusii Genus: Plecotus Brown long-eared bat, P. auritus Ognev's long-eared bat, Plecotus ognevi Genus: Vespertilio Parti-coloured bat, Vespertilio murinus LC Asian parti-colored bat, Vespertilio superans LC Subfamily: Murininae Genus: Murina Greater tube-nosed bat, Murina leucogaster LC Ussuri tube-nosed bat, Murina ussuriensis EN Subfamily: Miniopterinae Genus: Miniopterus Common bent-wing bat, M. schreibersii Family: Molossidae Genus: Tadarida European free-tailed bat, T. teniotis Family: Rhinolophidae Subfamily: Rhinolophinae Genus: Rhinolophus Mediterranean horseshoe bat, R. euryale Greater horseshoe bat, R. ferrumequinum Lesser horseshoe bat, R. hipposideros Mehely's horseshoe bat, R. mehelyi

Order: Cetacea (whales)

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater. Suborder: Mysticeti Family: Balaenidae Genus: Balaena Bowhead whale, Balaena mysticetus Genus: Eubalaena North Pacific right whale, Eubalaena japonica EN Family: Balaenopteridae Subfamily: Balaenopterinae Genus: Balaenoptera Minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata Sei whale, Balaenoptera borealis EN Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus EN Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus EN Subfamily: Megapterinae Genus: Megaptera Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae VU Family: Eschrichtiidae Genus: Eschrichtius Gray whale, Eschrichtius robustus Suborder: Odontoceti Superfamily: Platanistoidea Family: Physeteridae Genus: Physeter Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus VU Family: Kogiidae Genus: Kogia Pygmy sperm whale, K. breviceps