There are ninety mammal species in Romania, of which one is critically endangered, one is endangered, fourteen are vulnerable, and four are near threatened.This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
Order: Rodentia (rodents)
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to .
Suborder: Sciurognathi Family: Sciuridae (squirrels) Subfamily: Sciurinae Tribe: Sciurini Genus: Sciurus Red squirrel, S. vulgaris Subfamily: Xerinae Tribe: Marmotini Genus: Marmota Alpine marmot, M. marmota reintroduced Genus: Spermophilus European ground squirrel, Spermophilus citellus VU Speckled ground squirrel, Spermophilus suslicus VU Family: Gliridae (dormice) Subfamily: Leithiinae Genus: Dryomys Forest dormouse, D. nitedula Genus: Eliomys Garden dormouse, E. quercinus Genus: Muscardinus Hazel dormouse, Muscardinus avellanarius NT Subfamily: Glirinae Genus: Glis European edible dormouse, Glis glis NT Family: Dipodidae (jerboas) Subfamily: Sicistinae Genus: Sicista Northern birch mouse, Sicista betulina NT Southern birch mouse, Sicista subtilis NT Family: Spalacidae Subfamily: Spalacinae Genus: Spalax Bukovin mole rat, Spalax graecus VU Genus: Nannospalax Lesser mole rat, Nannospalax leucodon VU Family: Cricetidae Subfamily: Cricetinae Genus: Cricetulus Grey dwarf hamster, Cricetulus migratorius NT Genus: Cricetus European hamster, Cricetus cricetus LC Genus: Mesocricetus Romanian hamster, Mesocricetus newtoni VU Subfamily: Arvicolinae Genus: Arvicola European water vole, A. amphibius Genus: Chionomys Snow vole, Chionomys nivalis Genus: Clethrionomys Bank vole, Clethrionomys glareolus Genus: Microtus Field vole, Microtus agrestis Common vole, Microtus arvalis Southern vole, Microtus rossiaemeridionalis European pine vole, Microtus subterraneus Tatra vole, Microtus tatricus Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters) Subfamily: Murinae Genus: Apodemus Striped field mouse, Apodemus agrarius Yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollis Wood mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus LC Ural field mouse, Apodemus uralensis Genus: Micromys Eurasian harvest mouse, Micromys minutus NT Genus: Mus Steppe mouse, Mus spicilegus NT
Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early twentieth century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares) Genus: Lepus European hare, L. europaeus Genus: Oryctolagus European rabbit, O. cuniculus introduced
Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures) The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.
Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs) Subfamily: Erinaceinae Genus: Erinaceus Northern white-breasted hedgehog, E. roumanicus
Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)
Shrews are insectivorous mammals. They closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
Family: Soricidae (shrews) Subfamily: Crocidurinae Genus: Crocidura Bicolored shrew, C. leucodon Greater white-toothed shrew, C. russula Lesser white-toothed shrew, C. suaveolens Subfamily: Soricinae Tribe: Nectogalini Genus: Neomys Southern water shrew, N. anomalus LC Eurasian water shrew, N. fodiens LC Tribe: Soricini Genus: Sorex Alpine shrew, S. alpinus LC Common shrew, S. araneus LC Eurasian pygmy shrew, S. minutus LC Family: Talpidae (moles) Subfamily: Talpinae Tribe: Talpini Genus: Talpa European mole, T. europaea LC
Order: Chiroptera (bats)
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals. Family: Vespertilionidae Subfamily: Myotinae Genus: Myotis Bechstein's bat, M. bechsteini Lesser mouse-eared bat, M. blythii Brandt's bat, M. brandti Long-fingered bat, M. capaccinii Daubenton's bat, M. daubentonii Geoffroy's bat, M. emarginatus Greater mouse-eared bat, M. myotis Natterer's bat, M. nattereri Subfamily: Vespertilioninae Genus: Barbastella Western barbastelle, B. barbastellus Genus: Eptesicus Northern bat, Eptesicus nilssoni LC Serotine bat, Eptesicus serotinus LC Genus: Nyctalus Greater noctule bat, N. lasiopterus Lesser noctule, N. leisleri Common noctule, N. noctula Genus: Pipistrellus Nathusius' pipistrelle, P. nathusii Common pipistrelle, P. pipistrellus LC Genus: Plecotus Brown long-eared bat, P. auritus Grey long-eared bat, P. austriacus LC Subfamily: Miniopterinae Genus: Miniopterus Common bent-wing bat, M. schreibersii Family: Rhinolophidae Subfamily: Rhinolophinae Genus: Rhinolophus Blasius's horseshoe bat, R. blasii Mediterranean horseshoe bat, R. euryale Greater horseshoe bat, R. ferrumequinum Lesser horseshoe bat, R. hipposideros Mehely's horseshoe bat, R. mehelyi
Order: Cetacea (whales)
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater. Suborder: Odontoceti Superfamily: Platanistoidea Family: Phocoenidae Genus: Phocoena Harbour porpoise, Phocoena phocoena VU Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins) Genus: Tursiops Bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus DD Genus: Delphinus Short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus delphis
Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition. Suborder: Feliformia Family: Felidae (cats) Subfamily: Felinae Genus: Felis European wildcat, F. silvestris Genus: Lynx Eurasian lynx, L. lynx Suborder: Caniformia Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes) Genus: Canis Golden jackal, C. aureus European jackal, C. a. moreoticus Gray wolf, C. lupus Eurasian wolf, C. l. lupus Genus: Nyctereutes Raccoon dog, N. procyonoides introduced Genus: Vulpes Red fox, V. vulpes Family: Ursidae (bears) Genus: Ursus Brown bear, U. arctos Eurasian brown bear, U. a. arctos Family: Mustelidae (mustelids) Genus: Lutra European otter, L. lutra Genus: Martes Beech marten, M. foina European pine marten, M. martes Genus: Meles European badger, M. meles Genus: Mustela Stoat, M. erminea Steppe polecat, M. eversmannii European mink, M. lutreola Least weasel, M. nivalis European polecat, M. putorius Genus: Neogale American mink, N. vison introduced Genus: Vormela Marbled polecat, V. peregusna
Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans. Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats) Subfamily: Bovinae Genus: Bison European bison, B. bonasus reintroduced Carpathian wisent, B. b. hungarorum Subfamily: Caprinae Genus: Rupicapra Chamois, R. rupicapra Family: Cervidae (deer) Subfamily: Cervinae Genus: Cervus Red deer, C. elaphus Genus: Dama European fallow deer, D. dama introduced Subfamily: Capreolinae Genus: Alces Moose, A. alces Genus: Capreolus Roe deer, C. capreolus Family: Suidae (pigs) Subfamily: Suinae Genus: Sus Wild boar, S. scrofa
Locally extinct The following species are locally extinct in the country: Mediterranean monk seal, Monachus monachus
See also List of chordate orders Lists of mammals by region List of prehistoric mammals Mammal classification List of mammals described in the 2000s
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