This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Turkmenistan. There are eighty-three mammal species in Turkmenistan, of which one is critically endangered, three are endangered, twelve are vulnerable, and five are near threatened.This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature: EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. EW Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range. CR Critically endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. EN Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. NT Near threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future. LC Least concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species. DD Data deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.
Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans. Family: Cervidae (deer) Subfamily: Cervinae Genus: Cervus Central Asian red deer C. hanglu Bactrian deer, C. h. bactrianus Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats) Subfamily: Antilopinae Genus: Gazella Goitered gazelle, G. subgutturosa Genus: Saiga Saiga antelope, S. tatarica Subfamily: Caprinae Genus: Capra Wild goat, C. aegagrus Markhor, C. falconeri Genus: Ovis Urial, O. vignei Family: Suidae (pigs) Subfamily: Suinae Genus: Sus Wild boar, S. scrofa
Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition. Suborder: Feliformia Family: Felidae (cats) Subfamily: Felinae Genus: Caracal Caracal, C. caracal Genus: Felis Jungle cat, F. chaus African wildcat, F. lybica Asiatic wildcat, F. l. ornata Sand cat, F. margarita Turkestan sand cat, F. m. thinobia Genus: Lynx Eurasian lynx, L. lynx Genus: Otocolobus Pallas's cat, O. manul Subfamily: Pantherinae Genus: Panthera Leopard, P. pardus Persian leopard, P. p. tulliana Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas) Genus: Hyaena Striped hyena, H. hyaena Suborder: Caniformia Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes) Genus: Canis Golden jackal, C. aureus Gray wolf, C. lupus Genus: Vulpes Blanford's fox, V. cana Corsac fox, V. corsac Red fox, V. vulpes Family: Ursidae (bears) Genus: Ursus Brown bear, U. arctos presence uncertain Syrian brown bear, U. a. syriacus presence uncertain Family: Mustelidae (mustelids) Genus: Lutra Eurasian otter, L. lutra Genus: Martes Beech marten, M. foina Genus: Meles Caucasian badger, M. canescens Genus: Mellivora Honey badger, M. capensis Genus: Mustela Steppe polecat, M. eversmannii Least weasel, M. nivalis Genus: Vormela Marbled polecat, V. peregusna Family: Phocidae (earless seals) Genus: Pusa Caspian seal, P. caspica
Order: Chiroptera (bats) The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals. Family: Vespertilionidae Subfamily: Myotinae Genus: Myotis Lesser mouse-eared bat, M. blythii Geoffroy's bat, M. emarginatus Natterer's bat, M. nattereri Subfamily: Vespertilioninae Genus: Eptesicus Bobrinski's serotine, E. bobrinskoi Botta's serotine, E. bottae Subfamily: Miniopterinae Genus: Miniopterus Common bent-wing bat, M. schreibersii Family: Molossidae Genus: Tadarida European free-tailed bat, T. teniotis Family: Rhinolophidae Subfamily: Rhinolophinae Genus: Rhinolophus Blasius's horseshoe bat, R. blasii Bokhara horseshoe bat, R. bocharicus Mediterranean horseshoe bat, R. euryale Greater horseshoe bat, R. ferrumequinum Lesser horseshoe bat, R. hipposideros
Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)
The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.
Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs) Subfamily: Erinaceinae Genus: Hemiechinus Long-eared hedgehog, H. auritus Genus: Paraechinus Brandt's hedgehog, P. hypomelas
Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs) The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
Family: Leporidae (hares etc.) Genus: Lepus Tolai hare, L. tolai Family: Ochotonidae (pikas) Genus: Ochotona Afghan pika, O. rufescens
Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates) The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe. Family: Equidae (horses etc.) Genus: Equus Onager, E. hemionus Turkmenian kulan, E. h. kulan
Order: Rodentia (rodents) Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to . Suborder: Hystricognathi Family: Hystricidae (Old World porcupines) Genus: Hystrix Indian crested porcupine, H. indica Suborder: Sciurognathi Family: Sciuridae (squirrels) Subfamily: Xerinae Tribe: Xerini Genus: Spermophilopsis Long-clawed ground squirrel, S. leptodactylus Tribe: Marmotini Genus: Marmota Menzbier's marmot, M. menzbieri Genus: Spermophilus Yellow ground squirrel, Spermophilus fulvus Family: Gliridae (dormice) Subfamily: Leithiinae Genus: Dryomys Forest dormouse, Dryomys nitedula Genus: Myomimus Masked mouse-tailed dormouse, Myomimus personatus VU Subfamily: Glirinae Genus: Glis Iranian edible dormouse, Glis persicus Family: Dipodidae (jerboas) Subfamily: Allactaginae Genus: Allactaga Small five-toed jerboa, Allactaga elater Great jerboa, Allactaga major Severtzov's jerboa, Allactaga severtzovi Mongolian five-toed jerboa, Allactaga sibirica Genus: Allactodipus Bobrinski's jerboa, Allactodipus bobrinskii Subfamily: Dipodinae Genus: Dipus Northern three-toed jerboa, Dipus sagitta Genus: Eremodipus Lichtenstein's jerboa, Eremodipus lichtensteini Genus: Jaculus Turkmen jerboa, Jaculus turcmenicus Genus: Paradipus Comb-toed jerboa, Paradipus ctenodactylus Genus: Stylodipus Thick-tailed three-toed jerboa, Stylodipus telum Family: Calomyscidae Genus: Calomyscus Great Balkhan mouse-like hamster, Calomyscus mystax Family: Cricetidae Subfamily: Arvicolinae Genus: Blanfordimys Afghan vole, Blanfordimys afghanus Genus: Ellobius Southern mole vole, Ellobius fuscocapillus Northern mole vole, Ellobius talpinus Zaisan mole vole, Ellobius tancrei Genus: Microtus Persian vole, Microtus irani Tien Shan vole, Microtus kirgisorum Transcaspian vole, Microtus transcaspicus Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters) Subfamily: Gerbillinae Genus: Meriones Libyan jird, Meriones libycus LC Midday jird, Meriones meridianus Persian jird, Meriones persicus Tamarisk jird, Meriones tamariscinus Zarudny's jird, Meriones zarudnyi EN Genus: Rhombomys Great gerbil, Rhombomys opimus LC Subfamily: Murinae Genus: Nesokia Short-tailed bandicoot rat, Nesokia indica LC
Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons) The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
Family: Soricidae (shrews) Subfamily: Crocidurinae Genus: Crocidura Lesser white-toothed shrew, C. suaveolens Genus: Diplomesodon Piebald shrew, D. pulchellum Subfamily: Soricinae Tribe: Soricini Genus: Sorex Eurasian pygmy shrew, S. minutus
Locally extinct The following species are locally extinct in the country: Cheetah, Acinonyx jubatus Tiger, Panthera tigris
See also List of chordate orders Lists of mammals by region Mammal classification
References
Further reading
External links