This list shows the IUCN Red List status of the 150 wild mammal fauna of Turkey.
Order: Rodentia (rodents)
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw, which grow continually and are kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the porcupines can weigh up to . Suborder: Hystricognathi Family: Hystricidae (Old World porcupines) Genus: Hystrix Indian crested porcupine, H. indica Suborder: Sciurognathi Family: Sciuridae (squirrels) Subfamily: Sciurinae Tribe: Sciurini Genus: Sciurus Caucasian squirrel, S. anomalus Eurasian red squirrel, S. vulgaris Subfamily: Xerinae Genus: Spermophilus European ground squirrel, S. citellus Asia Minor ground squirrel, Spermophilus xanthoprymnus Taurus ground squirrel, Spermophilus taurensis Family: Cricetidae Subfamily: Cricetinae Genus: Cricetulus Grey dwarf hamster, C. migratorius Genus: Mesocricetus Golden hamster, Mesocricetus auratus Turkish hamster, Mesocricetus brandti Subfamily: Arvicolinae Genus: Arvicola European water vole, A. amphibius Genus: Chionomys Caucasian snow vole, Chionomys gud European snow vole, Chionomys nivalis Robert's snow vole, Chionomys roberti Genus: Clethrionomys Bank vole, Clethrionomys glareolus Genus: Ellobius Transcaucasian mole vole, Ellobius lutescens Genus: Microtus Common vole, Microtus arvalis Günther's vole, Microtus guentheri Persian vole, Microtus irani Southern vole, Microtus rossiaemeridionalis Social vole, Microtus socialis European pine vole, Microtus subterraneus Genus: Prometheomys Long-clawed mole vole, Prometheomys schaposchnikowi Family: Gliridae (dormice) Subfamily: Leithiinae Genus: Dryomys Woolly dormouse, Dryomys laniger Forest dormouse, Dryomys nitedula Genus: Eliomys Asian garden dormouse, E. melanurus Genus: Muscardinus Hazel dormouse, Muscardinus avellanarius Genus: Myomimus Roach's mouse-tailed dormouse, Myomimus roachi Subfamily: Glirinae Genus: Glis European edible dormouse, Glis glis Family: Dipodidae (jerboas) Subfamily: Allactaginae Genus: Allactaga Small five-toed jerboa, Allactaga elater Euphrates jerboa, Allactaga euphratica Family: Spalacidae Subfamily: Spalacinae Genus: Nannospalax Middle East blind mole-rat, Nannospalax ehrenbergi Lesser mole rat, Nannospalax leucodon Nehring's blind mole-rat, Nannospalax nehringi Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters) Subfamily: Deomyinae Genus: Acomys Asia Minor spiny mouse, Acomys cilicicus Subfamily: Gerbillinae Genus: Meriones Persian jird, Meriones persicus Tristram's jird, Meriones tristrami Vinogradov's jird, Meriones vinogradovi Subfamily: Murinae Genus: Apodemus Striped field mouse, Apodemus agrarius Yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollis Yellow-breasted field mouse, Apodemus fulvipectus Black Sea field mouse, Apodemus ponticus Wood mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus Ural field mouse, Apodemus uralensis Genus: Micromys Eurasian harvest mouse, Micromys minutus Genus: Mus Macedonian mouse, Mus macedonicus House mouse, M. musculus Family: Echimyidae Subfamily: Echimyinae Genus: Myocastor Coypu Myocastor coypus (invasive)
Order: Lagomorpha (rabbits, hares and picas) Family: Leporidae Genus: Lepus European hare, L. europaeus
Order: Eulipotyphla (hedgehogs, shrews and moles)
Hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines, shrews closely resemble mice, and moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs) Subfamily: Erinaceinae Genus: Erinaceus Northern white-breasted hedgehog, E. roumanicus Southern white-breasted hedgehog, E. concolor Genus: Hemiechinus Long-eared hedgehog, H. auritus Family: Soricidae (shrews) Subfamily: Crocidurinae Genus: Crocidura Gueldenstaedt's shrew, C. gueldenstaedtii Bicolored shrew, C. leucodon Serezkaya shrew, C. serezkyensis Lesser white-toothed shrew, C. suaveolens Genus: Suncus Etruscan shrew, S. etruscus Subfamily: Soricinae Tribe: Nectogalini Genus: Neomys Southern water shrew, N. anomalus Eurasian water shrew, N. fodiens Transcaucasian water shrew, N. schelkovnikovi Tribe: Soricini Genus: Sorex Common shrew, S. araneus Eurasian pygmy shrew, S. minutus Radde's shrew, S. raddei Caucasian shrew, S. satunini Caucasian pygmy shrew, S. volnuchini Family: Talpidae (moles) Subfamily: Talpinae Tribe: Talpini Genus: Talpa European mole, T. europaea Levantine mole, T. levantis
Order: Chiroptera (bats)
The bats' distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals. Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats) Subfamily: Pteropodinae Genus: Rousettus Egyptian fruit bat, R. aegyptiacus Family: Vespertilionidae Subfamily: Myotinae Genus: Myotis Bechstein's bat, M. bechsteini Greater mouse-eared bat, M. myotis Brandt's bat, M. brandti Long-fingered bat, M. capaccinii Daubenton's bat, M. daubentonii Geoffroy's bat, M. emarginatus Whiskered bat, M. mystacinus Natterer's bat, M. nattereri Subfamily: Vespertilioninae Genus: Barbastella Western barbastelle, B. barbastellus Genus: Eptesicus Botta's serotine, Eptesicus bottae Northern bat, E. nilssoni Serotine bat, E. serotinus Genus: Hypsugo Savi's pipistrelle, H. savii Genus: Nyctalus Greater noctule bat, N. lasiopterus Lesser noctule, N. leisleri Common noctule, N. noctula Genus: Pipistrellus Kuhl's pipistrelle, P. kuhlii Nathusius' pipistrelle, P. nathusii Common pipistrelle, P. pipistrellus Genus: Plecotus Brown long-eared bat, P. auritus Grey long-eared bat, P. austriacus Genus: Vespertilio Parti-coloured bat, V. murinus Subfamily: Miniopterinae Genus: Miniopterus Common bent-wing bat, M. schreibersii Family: Molossidae Genus: Tadarida European free-tailed bat, T. teniotis Family: Emballonuridae Genus: Taphozous Naked-rumped tomb bat, T. nudiventris Family: Rhinolophidae Subfamily: Rhinolophinae Genus: Rhinolophus Blasius's horseshoe bat, R. blasii Mediterranean horseshoe bat, R. euryale Greater horseshoe bat, R. ferrumequinum Lesser horseshoe bat, R. hipposideros Mehely's horseshoe bat, R. mehelyi
Order: Cetacea (whales, dolphins, and porpoises)
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.
Species listed below also includes species being recorded in Levantine Sea. Suborder: Mysticeti Family: Balaenopteridae Genus: Balaenoptera Common minke whale, B. acutorostrata Fin whale, B. physalus Subfamily: Megapterinae Genus: Megaptera Humpback whale, M. novaeangliae Suborder: Odontoceti Family: Physeteridae (sperm whales) Genus: Physeter Sperm whale, P. macrocephalus Family: Ziphidae Genus: Ziphius Cuvier's beaked whale, Z. cavirostris Superfamily: Platanistoidea Family: Phocoenidae Genus: Phocoena Harbour porpoise, P. phocoena Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins) Genus: Tursiops Common bottlenose dolphin, T. truncatus Genus: Delphinus Short-beaked common dolphin, D. delphis Genus: Stenella Striped dolphin, S. coeruleoalba Genus: Grampus Risso's dolphin, G. griseus Genus: Orcinus Orca, O. orca Genus: Pseudorca False killer whale, P. crassidens Street Boys of the Bosphorus - Dolphins in Istanbul Strait Genus: Globicephala Long-finned pilot whale, G. melas
Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition. Suborder: Feliformia Family: Felidae (cats) Subfamily: Felinae Genus: Caracal Caracal, C. caracal Genus: Felis Jungle cat, F. chaus African wildcat, F. lybica Asiatic wildcat, F. l. ornata European wildcat, F. silvestris Caucasian wildcat, F. s. caucasica Genus: Lynx Eurasian lynx, L. lynx Caucasian lynx, L. l. dinniki Subfamily: Pantherinae Genus: Panthera Leopard, P. pardus P. p. tulliana, Family: Herpestidae (mongooses) Genus: Herpestes Egyptian mongoose, H. ichneumon Genus: Urva Indian grey mongoose, U. edwardsii Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas) Genus: Hyaena Striped hyena, H. hyaena Suborder: Caniformia Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes) Genus: Canis Golden jackal, C. aureus European jackal, C. a. moreoticus Gray wolf, C. lupus Steppe wolf, C. l. campestris Indian wolf, C. l. pallipes Genus: Vulpes Red fox, V. vulpes Family: Ursidae (bears) Genus: Ursus Brown bear, U. arctos Family: Mustelidae (mustelids) Genus: Lutra European otter, L. lutra Genus: Martes Beech marten, M. foina European pine marten, M. martes Genus: Meles Caucasian badger, M. canescens Genus: Mustela Stoat, M. erminea Least weasel, M. nivalis European polecat, M. putorius Genus: Vormela Marbled polecat, V. peregusna Family: Phocidae (earless seals) Genus: Monachus Mediterranean monk seal, M. monachus
Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates) Even-toed ungulates' weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
Family: Bovidae Subfamily: Antilopinae Genus: Gazella Mountain gazelle, G. gazella Arabian sand gazelle, G. marica reintroduced Goitered gazelle, G. subgutturosa Subfamily: Caprinae Genus: Capra Wild goat, C. aegagrus Genus: Ovis Mouflon, O. gmelini Genus: Rupicapra Chamois, R. rupicapra Family: Cervidae (deer) Subfamily: Cervinae Genus: Cervus Red deer, C. elaphus Genus: Dama European fallow deer, D. dama Subfamily: Capreolinae Genus: Capreolus Roe deer, C. capreolus Family: Suidae Subfamily: Suinae Genus: Sus Wild boar, S. scrofa
Locally extinct The following species are locally extinct in Turkey: Eurasian beaver, Castor fiber Persian fallow deer, Dama mesopotamica Onager, Equus hemionus Lion, Panthera leo Tiger, Panthera tigris
See also Wildlife of Turkey List of chordate orders Lists of mammals by region Mammal classification Mammal Species of the World
References
External links National Biodiversity Database