The Hangzhou Metro () is a rapid transit system that serves Hangzhou, the capital city of Zhejiang province, China. The system opened on November 24, 2012. It is the 17th city in China to operate a rapid transit system.
Network There are currently 12 lines in operation. The adjacent Shaoxing Metro connects the system at Guniangqiao station on Line 5, and the Hangzhou-Haining Intercity Rail connects to the system at Linpingnan Railway Station on Line 9.
Line 1 is an arc-shaped line. It begins at Xianghu in Xiaoshan, stretches across downtown HangzhouKat Jiang, "Hangzhou to build metro system , Shanghai Daily, 2007-03-01 after crossing the Qiantang River and ends at Hangzhou Xiaoshan Int'l Airport. It connects West Lake, Hangzhou Railway Station, Hangzhou East Railway Station, Xiasha Higher Education Park and the Airport. It used to have a branch line to Linping District, which became part of Line 9 in July 2021. Line 2 links the Xiaoshan Industrial Park with Qianjiang Century City, Downtown Hangzhou and Liangzhu in Yuhang District. It runs in northwest–southeast direction. Line 3 begins in Xingqiao subdistrict in Linping District, runs in northeast–southwest direction and terminates at Wushanqiancun, North of Hangzhou West Railway Station. A branch commence near Xixi Wetland and connects Xiaoheshan Higher Education Park. Line 4 is a hook-shaped line that stretching from Puyan to Chihua Street in north Sandunzhen in Xihu District. It connects Puyan, West Lake scenic area south, Qianjiang New City, Hangzhou East Railway Station and several residential areas in the north part of the city. Line 5 is a Z-shaped line stretching from Future Sci-Tech City in Yuhang District, passing multiple areas in the downtown and ends near the Hangzhou-Shaoxing city limit. It provides multiple points of transfer and it is one of the busiest lines in the system, serving more than 500,000 passengers per day. It connects to Line 1 of the Shaoxing Metro. Line 6 connects Fuyang District with Olympic Sports Park, Qianjiang Century City, Asian Games Village and the Hangzhou East Railway Station. It is one of two metro lines linking the main venue of 2022 Asian Games. Line 7 links the West Lake with Qianjiang New City, Olympic Sports Park, Hangzhou Xiaoshan Int'l Airport and Dajiangdong Industrial Park. Line 8 provides a link between Xiasha Higher Education Park and Dajiangdong Industrial Park. Line 9 provides a link between Qianjiang New City and Linping District. It connects to the Hangzhou–Haining Intercity Rail. The section between Linping and Coach Center was part of Line 1 until July 10, 2021. Line 10 provides a North–South link between Huanglong Sports Center and Renhe subdistrict in Yuhang. It plans to connect Hangzhou-Deqing Intercity Rail in the future. Line 16 is an express metro line linking Lin'an District with Yuhang District. Line 19 is an express metro line linking Hangzhou West Railway Station, Hangzhou East Railway Station and Hangzhou Xiaoshan International Airport.
The Hangzhou Metro has the only metro system map in China whose first seven lines follow the hue order of the rainbow colors.
Annual urban-rail passenger volume reported for Hangzhou by CAMET. Values are passenger-trips in units of 10,000; reporting scope may include non-metro urban-rail modes and can vary by year.China Association of Metros, 2012 annual statistical report and 2025 annual statistical report. The linked Commons data pages identify the intervening annual reports and preserve their source URLs.
Raw passenger-volume data
Year-end urban-rail operating length reported for Hangzhou by CAMET, separating the metro series from the all-mode city total where both are reported.
Raw operating-length data
Lines LineTerminals(District) Commencement NewestExtension Lengthkm Stations Operator (Xiaoshan) (Xiaoshan) November 24, 2012 December 30, 2020 53.1 33 (Xiaoshan) (Yuhang) November 24, 2014 December 27, 2017 43.3 33 (Linping) (Yuhang)
(Xihu) February 21, 2022 September 22, 2022 57.5 37 (Xihu) (Binjiang) February 2, 2015 February 21, 2022 46.8 32 (Yuhang) (Xiaoshan) June 24, 2019 January 1, 2025 56.0 40 (Shangcheng)(Fuyang)(Xihu) December 30, 2020 November 6, 2021 58.5 34 (Qiantang) (Shangcheng) April 1, 2022 47.5 24 (Qiantang)(Qiantang)June 28, 2021–17.29 (Shangcheng)(Linping)July 10, 2021April 1, 202229.519 (Yuhang) (Xihu) February 21, 2022 September 22, 2022 14.7 12 (Yuhang) (Lin'an) April 23, 2020 – 35.1 12 (Yuhang)(Xiaoshan) September 22, 2022 –59.1417Total 516 300
History Initial plans The planning for a metro system in the city started in the 1990s and was about to start construction works in September 2003, but the State Council suspended construction works due to increasing costs. The state council approved the construction and operation of a rapid transit system by the Hangzhou Subway Group Co. Ltd in Hangzhou on June 5, 2005.Tang Fuchun, Hangzhou Subway Planning Approved , china.org.cn, 2005-06-16 The preliminary design for the first line, Line 1, was approved on January 11, 2007, by the Development and Reform Commission after four days of study. It would be long, of which is underground, elevated, and at grade.
In June 2013, the National Development and Reform Commission approved Hangzhou's urban rail transit construction plan for 2013–2019.
Construction
Construction of the first phase of Hangzhou Metro Line 1 began on March 28, 2007, with subsequent phases beginning later in that year. The first phase included three underground stations in Qianjiang New City. Jiubao East Station is the biggest station along Line 1 and will be a hub for the future metro system and other forms of public transport. The funding of Line 1 came from both the city government and the banks, with 10.2 billion yuan and 5 billion yuan respectively. The first phase construction was estimated to be 45 billion yuan.
In January 2009, it was announced that MTR Corporation would invest in a 22 billion-yuan ($3.2 billion) / 25-year / 49% share joint venture with the Hangzhou government to operate Line 1 of the metro.
The first section of Line 4 opened for trial operation on February 2, 2015.
In December 2016, the National Development and Reform Commission approved the planning for 10 lines, including extensions to the three existing lines, scheduled to open in time for the 2022 Asian Games. By then the Hangzhou Metro network is projected to be long. As of 2018 there are over of subway lines under construction in Hangzhou.
Accident On November 15, 2008, a section of the tunnel near Fengqing Avenue in Xiaoshan District collapsed while under construction,http://www.shanghaidaily.com/article/?id=380858&type=National killing 17 people.
Future expansions
Under construction YearsLinesSectionTerminalsLength (km)StationsNotes & References2026Phase IRenhe NorthDeqing High-speed Railway Station25.99
Phase IV Expansion On November 14, 2022 the NDRC approved the 4th Phase Expansion plan consisting of 152.9 km of new lines. YearsLine Lengthkm Stations Notes30 December 2026 Phase II10.17Under Construction Phase II5.83Under Construction Phase III52 28 June 2027 Phase II 7.5 5 Under Construction Phase III West54Under Construction Phase III South55Under Construction 27 December 2027 Phase I North24.314Under Construction Phase I South1.71Under Construction 2028 Phase I40.530Under Construction Phase I4819Under ConstructionTotal152.990
Notes
References
External links
Hangzhou Metro (official site) Urbanrail page on the Hangzhou Metro