is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Shikoku.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Kagawa prefecture" in Kagawa Prefecture has a population of 949,358 (as of 2020) and is the smallest prefecture by geographic area at . Kagawa Prefecture borders Ehime Prefecture to the southwest and Tokushima Prefecture to the south.
Takamatsu is the capital and largest city of Kagawa Prefecture,Nussbaum, "Takamatsu" at . with other major cities including Marugame, Mitoyo, and Kan'onji. Kagawa Prefecture is located on the Seto Inland Sea across from Okayama Prefecture on the island of Honshu, which is connected by the Great Seto Bridge. Kagawa Prefecture includes Shōdoshima, the second-largest island in the Seto Inland Sea, and the prefecture's southern land border with Tokushima Prefecture is formed by the Sanuki Mountains.
History
Kagawa was formerly known as Sanuki Province.Nussbaum, "Provinces and prefectures" at .
For a brief period between August 1876 and December 1888, Kagawa was made a part of Ehime Prefecture.
Battle of Yashima Located in Kagawa's capital city, Takamatsu, the mountain of Yashima was the battlefield for one of the best-known struggles between the Heike and Genji clans.
Geography Kagawa comprises the northeast corner of Shikoku, bordering Ehime Prefecture on the west and Tokushima Prefecture on the south, with a coastline on the Seto Inland Sea facing Okayama Prefecture and the Kansai. The Sanuki Mountains run along the southern border.
Kagawa is currently the smallest prefecture, by area, in Japan. Kagawa is a relatively narrow prefecture located between the mountains of Shikoku and the sea.
As of April 1, 2012, 11% of the total land area of the prefecture was designated as Natural Parks, namely Setonaikai National Park and Ōtaki-Ōkawa Prefectural Natural Park.
Cities
Eight cities are located in Kagawa Prefecture: Place nameArea (km2)Population (2020)Map Rōmaji Kanji Higashikagawa東かがわ市152.8628,305 Kan'onji観音寺市117.8356,639 Marugame丸亀市111.83109,165 Mitoyo三豊市222.7061,839 Sakaide坂出市92.4950,577 Sanukiさぬき市158.6346,723 Takamatsu (capital)高松市375.42417,814 Zentsūji善通寺市39.9331,620
Towns Kagawa has eight towns organized into five districts. Many were created after 1999 through mergers, as part of a national effort to reduce the number of small towns and villages. Place nameArea (km2)Population (2020) DistrictMap Rōmaji Kanji Ayagawa綾川町109.7522,730Ayauta Kotohira琴平町8.478,466Nakatado Mannōまんのう町194.4517,324Nakatado Miki三木町75.7826,859Kita Naoshima直島町14.223,026Kagawa Shōdoshima小豆島町95.5913,646Shōzu Tadotsu多度津町24.3922,813Nakatado Tonoshō土庄町74.3812,915Shōzu Utazu宇多津町8.1018,897Ayauta
Mergers
Economy
Kagawa has a nominal GDP of approximately 3,802 billion yen. Kagawa's major export industries, in order of export value, include transportation equipment, electrical equipment, chemical products, general machinery, mineral fuels, manufactured goods, raw materials, and foodstuff.
Food
Sanuki udon (a type of udon noodle) is the most famous local food of Kagawa Prefecture. In 2008, there were over 700 udon restaurants in this prefecture alone.
Aside from udon, Kagawa is also famous for "hone-tsuki-dori", seasoned chicken thigh cooked on the bone. Originating from Marugame City, the dish has now become a popular dish in izakaya restaurants across the country.
Olives and olive-related products have also come to be recognized as Kagawa foods. As the first place in Japan to successfully cultivate olives, Kagawa has been producing olive-related products since 1908. As well as winning both domestic and international awards for the quality of its olive oil, Kagawa has also created two offshoot food brands from its olive industry - "olive beef" and "olive yellowtail". Waste organic matter from olive pressing is used as feed for cattle and yellowtail amberjack. Due to the high amount of polyphenols in the olive waste, the flesh of the respective meats does not oxidize or lose color easily.
Other local specialties include wasanbon sugar sweets, sōmen noodles and shōyu soy sauce.
Demographics
As of October 2020, Kagawa Prefecture had an estimated population of 950,244. This was 7.1% lower than the population in the 2000 census, being 1,022,890. The area of the prefecture is 1,877 km, and the population density is 506.3/km.
Education
Universities Kagawa Prefectural College of Health Sciences Kagawa University in Takamatsu Shikoku Gakuin University in Zentsuji Tokushima Bunri University in Sanuki Takamatsu University
Sports
The sports teams listed below are based in Kagawa.
Baseball Kagawa Olive Guyners
Basketball Kagawa Five Arrows (Takamatsu)
Football (Soccer) Kamatamare Sanuki (Takamatsu) Volleyball Shikoku Eighty 8 Queen
Ice Hockey Kagawa Ice Fellows (see Japan Ice Hockey Federation)
Tourism
Kotohira Kanamaruza Kabuki Theatre Konpira Shrine Manno Manno Lake Sanuki Manno National Park Marugame Marugame Castle Marugame Genichiro-Inokuma Museum of Contemporary Art Sakaide Kagawa Prefectural Higashiyama Kaii Setouchi Art Museum (Kaii Higashiyama`s Art Museum) Mount Iino (Kagawa's Mount Fuji) Kiyama (a castle ruins) Shinto shrine (misasagi) (Emperor Sutoku's Tomb) Fuchu Dam Great Seto Bridge Mitoyo Chichibugahama Beach Takaya Shrine Higashi Kagawa Hiketa Castle - A castle ruin, one of the Continued 100 Fine Castles of Japan in 2017. Naoshima Island Ando Museum Benesse House Chichu Art Museum Lee Ufan Museum Setonaikai National Park Shikoku Pilgrimage – Zentsū-ji, Motoyama-ji, Yashima-ji, etc.
Shodoshima Kankakei Gorge Shodoshima Olive Park Nakayama Senmaida Takamatsu Megijima and Ogijima Ritsurin Garden Takamatsu Castle Yashima, the island on which the Battle of Yashima was fought Teshima Island Shima Kitchen Teshima Art Museum Kan'onji Kotohiki Park Zentsūji Amagiri Castle
Transportation
Railroad JR Shikoku Dosan Line Kotoku Line Seto-Ōhashi Line Yosan Line Kotoden (Takamatsu Kotohira Electric Railroad) Kotohira Line Nagao Line Shido Line
Bus
Departure from Takamatsu Fukuoka Kokura Station Hakata Station Tenjin Station Hachioji Hiroshima Kansai Int'l Airport Kōchi Kobe Sannomiya Maiko Bus Stop Kyoto Station Matsuyama Nagoya Osaka Nanba Umeda Shinjuku Tokyo Disneyland Tokyo Station Tokushima Yawatahama Yokohama
Road
Expressway Seto-Chūō Expressway Takamatsu Expressway Matsuyama Expressway
National highways (Tokushima-Takamatsu-Marugame-Niihama-Maysuyama)
(Takamatsu-Kotohira-Kochi)
Port Port of Marugame Port of Tadotsu Port of Takamatsu – Ferry route to Uno, Tonoshō (Shōdoshima Island), Kobe, Naoshima Port of Tonoshō – Ferry route to Okayama, Himeji, Kobe and Osaka.
Airport Takamatsu Airport
In popular culture Shōdoshima is the setting of the novel Twenty-Four Eyes by Sakae Tsuboi and its subsequent film adaptations. In Pom Poko, the tanuki Tamasaburo Onigamori travels to Shikoku to ask the Transformation Masters to come to Tokyo to save Tama Hills from destruction, but he marries and settles there for three years. The manga Teasing Master Takagi-san is also set on Shōdoshima, in Tonoshō the native place of the creator, Sōichirō Yamamoto The novel Battle Royale by Koushun Takami was set in the fictional town of Shiroiwa ('Castle Rock') in Kagawa Prefecture. Okishima, the fictional island on which much of the novel takes place is placed in the Seto Inland Sea. The manga also places Shiroiwa in Kagawa, while the film moves Shiroiwa to Kanagawa Prefecture. The city of Takamatsu is the main setting of the book Kafka on the Shore by Haruki Murakami. Kan'onji is the setting of the early parts of the manga My Bride Is a Mermaid as well as the anime series Yuki Yuna is a Hero. Poco's Udon World is set here.
Notes
References
External links
Official Kagawa Prefecture Japanese homepage Notes from Shikoku in English