Robert Harley may refer to:
Politicians Robert Harley (1579–1656), English statesman, Member of Parliament for Radnor and Herefordshire Robert Harley (died 1673) (1626–1673), English Member of Parliament for Radnor Robert Harley, 1st Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer (1661–1724), Member of Parliament for Radnor and Tregony Robert Harley (c. 1706 – 1774), Member of Parliament for Leominster, 1731–1741 and 1742–1747, and Droitwich Robert William Harley (1829–1892), British colonial administrator
Others Robert Harley (mathematician) (1828–1910), English Congregational minister Robert Harley (writer), British comedy writer Bob Harley (1888–1958), Canadian soccer player Rob Harley (born 1990), Scottish rugby union player