Nayagarh

Nayagarh is both a Town and the Municipality Headquarters of the Nayagarh District in the Indian State of Odisha.

Geography Nayagarh is located at Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Nayagarh with an average elevation of 178 metres (584 feet).

It was the Rukhi mountain to the south and the Balaram mountain to the north of Nayagarh, which mitigated the effects of the 1999 Odisha cyclone on Nayagarh.

The 96 km long New Jagannath Sadak road, also known as Nua Jagannath Sadak, connects Nayagarh to the holy city in the Puri District.

Demographics A 2011 census in Indiahttp://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=424314 revealed a population of 17,030 in Nayagarh Town, 9,000 of which were male and 8,030 female. This indicated a population growth of 11.30% compared to the census data of 2001. While the census of 2001 when compared against the census of 1991, revealed a population growth of 10.46% in Nayagarh District.

The total area of the Nayagarh district covers approximately 3,890 km2 accommodating about 1,700 villages in the Nayagarh District.

The average literacy rate of the Nayagarh population was 79.17 in 2011, compared to 70.52 in 2001 (86.63 male and 71.08 female). This revealed an increase from the 2001 census, where figures stood at 82.66 (male) and 57.64 (female) in the Nayagarh District.

Total literates in Nayagarh District were 6,81,522, of which male and female were 3,87,632 and 2,93,890, respectively. In 2001, the total population of literates in Nayagarh District was 5,29,840.

With regard to sex ratio in Nayagarh, it stood at 916 females per 1000 males compared to 2001 census figure of 938. The average national female sex ratio in India is 940 per 1000 males as per the latest reports of Census 2011 Directorate.

In census enumeration, data regarding child under 0–6 years age were also collected for all districts including Nayagarh. There were total 1,01,337 children under the age of 0–6 against 1,13,180 of 2001 census. Of total 1,01,337, male and female were 54,759 and 46,578, respectively. Child sex ratio as per census 2011 was 851 compared to 904 of census 2001. In 2011, children under 6 formed 10.53% of Nayagarh District compared to 13.09% of 2001. There was a net change of −2.56% in this compared to the previous census of India.

Nayagarh District population constituted 2.29% of the total population of Odisha as per 2001 census.

History

Notified Area Council was constructed vide Health (LSG) Deptt. Notification No. 4475/LSG/dt.13.05.1953 of Housing & Urban Development Department Act. The NAC is spread over an area of 15.54 km2 with a population of 14,314 as per 2001 census. The municipal area is divided into 13 wards. This U.L.B as constituted in the year 1953. The government in H & U D Deptt. have been pleased to declare this U.L.B. to that of the statute of Notified Area Council during the year 1953.

The history of the foundation of Nayagarh State in the thirteenth century is an important chapter in the political history of Odisha. Suryamani of Baghela dynasty came to Puri on a pilgrimage from "Rewa" of Madhya Pradesh and established his kingdom at Nayagarh. On the way to Puri, both Suryamani and his brother Chandramani took rest at night at Gunanati. The area was full of tigers and at night a tiger attacked him. Both the brothers fought the tiger and killed it. The local people praised the brave brothers and elected Suryamani as their leader. Suryamani gradually built his fort at Gunanati and married a Mali (a cast known as worshiper of Lord Shiv) girl. After the death of his first wife, he again married a Kshatriya girl. From there, he then attacked Haripur and Ralaba. While sleeping, a tiger attacked him at Ralaba; he again fought and killed it. At that moment, he saw a lady with an empty pot passed by to fetch water. Astonishingly, she returned with a little boy. Immediately, Suryamani obstructed the way of that lady and wanted to know about the mystery. The lady told she was Bouri Thakurani (a local worshiped goddess) and the tiger that the king killed was the boy. She advised Suryamani to kill her and worship her as his deity. From that date, Suryamani worshiped "Bauri Thakurani" at Ralaba and built his fort there and adopted Tiger Head as a state symbol.

Ninth king of this dynasty "Baghel Singh" (1480–1510) came on a hunting to a place in between Rukshi and Balaram mountains and saw a wonderful sight that a rabbit pressed down a dog there. After seeing this valorous act by the prey (rabbit) on the predator, he selected and shifted his capital to this place. As per his name, Nayagarh is also known as "Baghua Nayagarh" (Valorous Nayagarh). The place where such an event occurred is now known as "KukurTasara" ('kukur' means 'dog' and 'tasara' means a large piece of stone in Odia, where the pressing of the dog by the rabbit had occurred and hence the name).

12th King of Nayagarh was Raghunath Sing (1565–1595) who was highly powerful. During this time, Muslims had already captured Odisha and the atmosphere of the coastal Odisha was fully indiscipline. The last independent king Mukunda Dev (1565) was defeated in Gohritikira and died. By taking the advantages of the political situations of coastal Odisha, Raghunath Singh attacked Ranpur and captured Odagaon, Sarankul and Baunsiapara area from Ranpur estate and dispossessed Nayagarh-Daspalla border area from the King of Boudh and Sunamuhin area of Odgaon from the King of Ghumusar. He also captured a portion from Banpur. Before death, Ragunath Singh divided his estate between his three sons. Harihar Singh was in possession of Nayagarh and Jadunath Singh got four Khandagrams (large area of land) which was known as Khandpada later. Gadadhar Singh was the son of Harihar Singh. When he was engaged in a fight with Ranpur estate, the king of Ghumusar attacked Nayagarh. Pindik Patsahani of village Sunalati with 150 soldiers fought the great army of Ghumusar and defeated him. But, in subsequent war, he was captured by the enemy and sacrificed his life. Gadadhar Sing's daughter married the great poet Upendra Bhanja of Ghumusar who settled at Malisahi of Nayagarh estate after marriage. When British captured Odisha, Binayak Singh Mandhata was the King of Nayagarh and the great Jadumani Mahapatra was his court poet.

Educational Institutes

Colleges

Nayagarh Autonomous College The Nayagarh Autonomous College was established in 1961, at the initiative of the then sub-divisional officer (SDO) of Nayagarh, Sri Bhramarabar Jena. Donors included the royal family of the erstwhile princely state of Nayagarh and many local individuals and institutions. The college was also funded by a double rent (Khajana) from the Nayagarh people, with public support. The college is in a sylvan location 1 km away from Nayagarh.

College buildings include the Academic Building, Administrative Block, Library (with over 35,000 books), three hostels (segregated by sex), staff quarters and an athletic facility. One of the men's hostels is named after the noted poet Kabi Jadumani, while the other is named after the astrophysicist Pathani Samant. The women's hostel is named after the female freedom fighter Malati Choudhury.

The college was adopted by the University Grants Commission (UGC) in July-1964. Since then, the UGC has supported both the academic activities of the college and the development of infrastructure. The college was declared an Autonomous College by the UGC in 2006. Hirachand was also studying there.

Prajamandal Mahila Mahavidyalaya The Prajamandal Mahila Mahavidyalaya was founded in 1981 with funding from donations from the people of Nayagarh and from the government of Odisha. Mr. S.M. Soleman was the founding Secretary. It was first accommodated in the old building of Prajamandal Office in Nayagarh Town. The college received permanent recognition from the government of Orissa in 1988 and permanent affiliation with Utkal University for University-level courses.

The college offers Honours courses in Economics, Education, English. History, Odiya, Political Science, and Sanskrit, a pre-university Science course (+2 level), and courses in Computer Education. Almost 900 students are enrolled in the college and more than 200 students reside in the hostel on the college campus. The college is funded by the University Grants Commission, the State government, and the Members of Parliament Local Area Development Scheme.

UNIITECH Residential College and Degree College The UNIITECH residential college was founded in 2009, while the degree college was founded in 2016.

Millennium Academy Of Higher Education The Millennium Academy of Higher Education was established in the millennium year 2000. This is the only private college offering professional courses in Nayagarh district. It is situated on its own campus at Khedapada, Balugaon, 7 km from Nayagarh town. The college is permanently recognised by the Higher Education Department of the government of Odisha and is affiliated with Utkal University.

Nayagarh Institute of Engineering and Technology (POLYTECHNIC)

The NIET is one of the leading Institute of Nayagarh District, Promoted by "Vidya Alok Charitable Trust" dedicated to empower the state of Odisha in the field of Technical Education . It situated on its campus at Vidyavihar panipoila, 9.2 KM from Nayagarh town .

Brajendra High School Brajendra High School is the oldest high school in Nayagarh. It is named after Raja Brajendra Kishore Singh Mandhata, Raja Saheb (erstwhile king) of Nayagarh. It was founded as a boy's high school but later became a co-ed school. there are approximately 500-550 students and with near to 15-20 staffs.

D.A.V. Public School The D.A.V. Public School is one of the newest schools in Nayagarh Town, established in 1997. It is one of the most eminent D.A.V. schools in Odisha. These schools are well known for quality education, highly qualified teaching staff, and student achievement at the district and state level.

Maharishi Vidya Mandir

The Maharishi Vidya Mandir (MVM) is an advanced school for vedic science established in 1991. It follows the CBSE curriculum. The first class graduated in 2000.

Odisha Adarsha Vidyalaya

It is a famous English medium CBSE government school of Nayagarh situated in Notar. This school has won many awards from cluster to national level. Students from class 6 to 12 study here. Students from various school of class 5th and 8th get admitted here to class 6th and 9th by entrance exams. It is well known for quality education and teachers.

N.A.C High School The N.A.C High School is one of the oldest schools of Nayagarh, with an enrollment of 500 students. It offers classes from VI to X. Before 2005, this school was managed under a Notified Area Council (N.A.C). Since 2006, it has been directly managed by the government of Odisha.

Saraswati Shishu Vidya Mandir Saraswati Shishu Vidya Mandir is one of the oldest private high schools of Nayagarh town, established in 1994. It is now the leading private school in Nayagarh with over 1,200 students. It consistently achieves good results in the High School Certificate or Board exams at the district level. Recently the school has completed its silver jubilee which was attended by Governor Prof Ganeshi Lal and Dr. Arun Sahoo. The school has been a popular choice among parents who want their child's education in a Gurukul like environment .

Madhukesh Bidyapitha, Nagamundali

Madhukesh Bidyapitha is a government high school located in Nagamundali village, 10 km from Nayagarh Town. It has an important role in the educational system in the local rural areas of Nayagarh District, accommodating students from nearby villages.

Solapata High School

Solapata High School is located at Solapata village, 6 km from Nayagarh town. It was established in 1964. This is one of the oldest schools of Nayagarh.

Bhagirathi High School