This is a list of cities and towns in Europe that have (or once had) town tramway (e.g. urban tramway) systems as part of their public transport system. Cities with currently operating systems, and those systems themselves, are indicated in bold and blue background colored rows. The use of the diamond (♦) symbol indicates where there were (or are) two or more independent tram systems operating concurrently within a single metropolitan area. Those tram systems that operated on other than standard gauge track (where known) are indicated in the 'Notes' column.
Separate lists have been created for the following European countries to improve user-friendliness and to reduce this list article's size:
Austria Belarus Belgium Croatia Czech Republic Denmark Finland
France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy
Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russia
Serbia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom
Albania
Location Name of System Gauge mm TractionType Date (From) Date (To) Notes Vlorë Horse ? ? A photograph of a horse-drawn tramcar, dated 1963 (Peschkes, Part Three, 1987, Page 19), establishes that Albania did have a town tramway service.
Armenia
Location Name of system TractionType Date (From) Date (To) Notes Yerevan Երեւան Horse 29 Sep 1906 Aug 1918 (?) Electric 12 Jan 1933 21 Jan 2004
Azerbaijan
Location Name of system TractionType Date (From) Date (To) Notes Bakı /Baku Trams in Baku Horse 19 Apr 1889 by 1 Oct 1923 Steam 6 Oct 1889 ca. 1894 Electric 8 Feb 1924 Jan 2004 Gəncə /Ganja Trams in Ganja, Azerbaijan Electric 1 May 1933 16 Oct 1976 Sumqayıt /Sumqayit Trams in Sumqayit Electric 11 Mar 1959 Jul 2003
Bosnia-Herzegovina
Location Name of System Gauge mm TractionType Date (From) Date (To) Notes Sarajevo Trams in Sarajevo Horsecar 1 Jan 1885 1 May 1895 760 mm -> 1435 mm Electric 1 May 1895 In 1960 regauging from 760 mm to 1435 mm
Bulgaria
Location Name of System Gauge mm TractionType Date (From) Date (To) Notes Sofia Trams in Sofia Horsecar "late 19th century" ? 10091435 Electric 1 Jan 1901 Mix of and .
Estonia
Location Name of System Gauge mm TractionType Date (From) Date (To) Notes Tallinn Trams in Tallinn Horse 24 Aug 1888 24 Sep 1919 Electric 28 Oct 1925 Note: Tallinn also operates a trolleybus network. ♦ Tallinn – Kopli Steam 26 Jan 1916 ? Petrol 26 Jan 1916 Nov 1953 Electric 6 Nov 1951 [5 Nov 1953] Connected with main Tallinn tram system, 05 Nov 1953.
Isle of Man
Location Name of System Gauge mm TractionType Date (From) Date (To) Notes Douglas Douglas Bay Horse Tramway Horse 7 Aug 1876 Winter service withdrawn from November 1927, current operating season early May – late September. Operation suspended 30 September 1939 – 22 May 1946 because of war. Upper Douglas Cable Tramway Cable 15 Aug 1896 19 Aug 1929 Winter service withdrawn from 1927. Douglas – Keristal – Port Soderick Douglas Southern Electric Tramway (Marine Drive Tramway) Electric 1896 15 Sep 1939 Opened to Keristal 7 August 1896, completed 1897. Operation suspended c.1914 – c.1918 because of war. Douglas (Derby Castle) – Laxey – Ramsey Manx Electric Railway Electric 7 Sep 1893 Operates seasonally, from March to November.Note for Manx Electric Railway: Opened to Groudle Glen, 7 September 1893. Extended to Laxey, 27 July 1894. Extended to Ramsey (Ballure), 5 August 1898. Completed to Ramsey (Plaza), 24 July 1899. Operation suspended Laxey – Ramsey, 30 September 1975, restored 25 June 1977. Laxey – Snaefell Summit Snaefell Mountain Railway Electric 21 Aug 1895 Operates only during summer season. Operation suspended 20 September 1939 – 1 June 1946 because of war. Used a third rail for a Fell brake
Georgia
Location Name of system TractionType Date (From) Date (To) Notes Gagra გაგრა Horse ? ? Poti ფოთი Horse 1904 1932 Tbilisi თბილისი Tbilisi Horse 3 Apr 1883 1910 Electric 25 Dec 1904 4 Dec 2006Столица Грузии отказалась от трамваев и троллейбусов - новости Украины на ЛІГА.Новости
Latvia
Location Name of System Gauge mm TractionType Date (From) Date (To) Notes Daugavpils Daugavpils Tramway Horse ? ? 1524 Electric 5 Nov 1946 Jūrmala (Kemeri) 1000 Electric 16 Jun 1912 1935(?) Liepāja Liepājas tramvajs 1000 Electric 26 Sep 1899 Riga Rīgas Satiksme 1524 Horse 4 Sep 1882 23 Aug 1903 1901 1909 1524 Electric 23 Jul 1901 Note: Riga also operates a trolleybus network.
Lithuania
Location Name of System Gauge mm TractionType Date (From) Date (To) Notes Kaunas Horse 5 Jun 1892 15 Apr 1929 Steam 1914 1936 Klaipėda (Memel) 1000 Electric 18 Aug 1904 1950 Oct 1934 1967 Palanga Horse "late 19th century" ? Vilnius Horse 15 Jun 1893 1915 Petrol 1914 1926 Electric ? ? Gauge: unknown.Excepting microstates, Podgorica, Priština, Reykjavík and Tirana, and possibly Vilnius, are the only European capitals where electric town tramways have not (yet) been built.Note: Vilnius operates a trolleybus network.
Luxembourg
Location Name of System Gauge mm TractionType Date (From) Date (To) Notes Esch-sur-Alzette canton Electric 29 May 1927 22 Sep 1956 Luxembourg CityTrams in Luxembourg Horse 22 Feb 1875 ? Electric 8 Aug 1908 5 Sep 1964 1435 Electric 10 Dec 2017
Malta
Location Name of System Gauge mm TractionType Date (From) Date (To) Notes Malta Electric 23 Feb 1905 15 Dec 1929
Moldova
Location Name of System Gauge mm TractionType Date (From) Date (To) Notes Chişinău 1000 Horse 29 Oct 1888 1914 1000 Electric 25 Jan 1914 13 May 1961
Monaco
Location Name of System Gauge mm TractionType Date (From) Date (To) Notes Monte Carlo Trams in Monaco 1000 Electric 1898 1931
Slovakia
Location Name of System Gauge mm TractionType Date (From) Date (To) Notes Bratislava Trams in Bratislava 1000 Electric 27 Aug 1895 DPB also operates buses and trolleybuses Košice Trams in Košice Horse 18 Nov 1891 28 Feb 1914 Steam 7 Jul 1893 28 Feb 1914 1435 Electric 28 Feb 1914 DPMK also operates buses and trolleybuses Trenčianske Teplice 760 Electric 27 Jul 1909
Slovenia
Location Name of System Gauge mm TractionType Date (From) Date (To) Notes Ljubljana Trams in Ljubljana 1000 Electric 6 Sep 1901 20 Dec 1958 Reintroduction planned Piran Trams in Piran 760 Electric 20 Jul 1912 31 Aug 1953
See also
List of town tramway systems in Africa List of town tramway systems in Asia List of town tramway systems in Central America List of town tramway systems in North America List of town tramway systems in Oceania List of town tramway systems in South America List of town tramway systems List of tram and light rail transit systems List of metro systems List of trolleybus systems List of tram systems by gauge and electrification
References
Inline citations
Bibliography Sources, references and external links:
Books, Periodicals and External Links