The Supreme Council of Kyrgyzstan, also known as the Jogorku Kenesh (, ), is the unicameral parliament of Kyrgyzstan. Before Kyrgyzstan's independence from the Soviet Union in 1991, it was known as the Supreme Soviet of the Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic.

The parliament has 90 seats, with members elected for a five-year term by in 30 3-seat constituencies using single non-transferable vote.

History During Soviet rule, it was known as the Supreme Soviet of the Kirghiz SSR.

From August 1991, when Kyrgyzstan gained independence from the Soviet Union, until October 2007, when the Constitution was changed in a referendum, the Supreme Council consisted of the Legislative Assembly (, ; ) and the Assembly of People's Representatives (, ; ) with 60 and 45 members, respectively. The members of both houses were elected to five-year terms. In the Assembly of People's Representatives all 45 members were elected in single-seat constituencies; in the Legislative Assembly 45 members were elected in single-seat constituencies and 15 were elected through party lists.

Since October 2007, the Supreme Council is a unicameral legislature. Originally it consisted of 90 members, however when in 2010 President Kurmanbek Bakiyev was ousted during the Kyrgyz Revolution, a new Constitution was adopted, that increased the number of members to 120. Parties are limited to 65 seats in order to prevent power concentration. A vote on a new constitution cut the number of seats in the parliament by 25%, thereby returning to 90 seats.

Of those 90 seats, 54 were elected by proportional representation in a single nationwide constituency, and 36 in single-seat districts. To win seats, parties were required to pass a national electoral threshold of 5% of the votes cast (down from 7% in the October 2020 elections), and receive at least 0.5% of the vote in each of the seven regions.Kyrgyz Republic: Election for Jorgorku Kenesh (Kyrgyz Supreme Council) IFES The lists were open, with voters able to cast a single preferential vote. No one party was allowed to be given more than half of the proportional seats..Electoral system IPU Party lists were required to have at least 30% of the candidates from each gender, and every fourth candidate had to be of a different gender. Each list was also required to have at least 15% of the candidates being from ethnic minorities and 15% of under 35 years old, as well as at least two candidates with disabilities.

Electoral system The 90 seats in the Supreme Council are elected by single non-transferable vote, with the country being divided into 30 three-member constituencies, with voters casting a single vote and the top three candidates being elected, though one seat per constituency is reserved for the highest-polling woman and one for the highest-polling man. Candidates may run either as independents or as nominees of a political party.

Speakers

The first legislature of Kyrgyzstan was Supreme Soviet until 1994.

Bicameral legislature was established in 1995, and replaced with unicameral legislature, Supreme Council, in 2005.

Chairmen of the Assembly of People's Representatives of Kyrgyzstan was the presiding officer of one of the two chambers of the Supreme Council. Name Took office Left office Almanbet Matubraimov29 March 199526 November 1997Abdıganı Erkebayev 26 November 1997April 2000Altay Borubayev 25 April 200024 March 2005Muratbek Mukashev24 March 200525 March 2005

The Chairman of the Legislative Assembly of Kyrgyzstan was the presiding officer of one of the two chambers of the Supreme Council.

Name Took office Left office Mukar Cholponbayev29 March 199515 November 1996Usup Mukambayev 15 November 199614 April 2000Abdıganı Erkebayev15 April 200024 March 2005Ishenbai Kadyrbekov24 March 200525 March 2005

Chairmen of the Supreme Council since 2005. Annual compensation of the chairman is 975 000 soms.

Name Took office Left office NotesOmurbek Tekebaev27 March 200527 February 2006Marat Sultanov2 March 2006 22 October 2007Adahan Madumarov24 December 2007 29 May 2008Aytibay Tagaev29 May 2008 17 December 2009Zaynidin Kurmanov24 December 20096 June 2010Ahmatbek Keldibekov17 December 201014 December 2011Asilbek Jeenbekov21 December 201113 April 2016Chynybai Tursunbekov27 April 201625 October 2017Dastan Jumabekov25 October 20176 October 2020Myktybek Abdyldayev6 October 202010 October 2020Kanatbek Isaev13 October 20204 November 2020Talant Mamytov4 November 20205 October 2022Nurlanbek Shakiev5 October 202212 February 2026Marlen Mamataliev12 February 2026Incumbent

Last elections

2021 Kyrgyz parliamentary election 2020 Kyrgyz parliamentary election 2015 Kyrgyz parliamentary election 2010 Kyrgyz parliamentary election 2007 Kyrgyz parliamentary election

2005 parliamentary election

The 2005 Kyrgyz parliamentary elections were held in February and March 2005. More than 400 candidates ran for the new 75-member unicameral legislative assembly. There were two rounds of voting held on 27 February and 13 March. Six seats were won by opposition politicians. Most candidates were officially independent. International observers said the elections fell short of international standards for democratic elections in several important areas. Widespread protests over alleged rigging of the election by the government culminated in the Tulip Revolution on 24 March. Revolutionaries overthrew President Askar Akayev.

See also List of members of the Supreme Council (Kyrgyzstan), 2015–present List of Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet of the KSSR and the Supreme Council of Kyrgyzstan List of Chairmen of the Legislative Assembly of Kyrgyzstan List of Chairmen of the Assembly of People's Representatives of Kyrgyzstan Politics of Kyrgyzstan List of legislatures by country

References

External links Parliament website Kyrgyzstan information page on the website of Asian Medical Institute Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan information page on the website of Medical Institute,Osh State University Kyrgyzstan