General MIDI Level 2 or GM2 is a specification for synthesizers which defines several requirements beyond the more abstract MIDI standard and is based on General MIDI, GS extensions, and XG extensions. It was adopted in 1999 by the MIDI Manufacturers Association (MMA).

General requirements Number of Notes: 32 simultaneous notes MIDI Channels: 16 Simultaneous Melodic Instruments – up to 16 (all Channels) Simultaneous Percussion Kits – up to 2 (Channel 10/11)

Parameters

Program and bank change events General MIDI 2 compatible synthesizers access all of the 256 instruments by setting cc#0 (Bank Select MSB) to 121 and using cc#32 (Bank Select LSB) to select the variation bank before a Program Change. Variation bank 0 contains the full GM — that is, General MIDI 1 — sound set. Variations using other bank numbers are new to General MIDI 2, and correspond to variation sounds introduced in Roland GS and Yamaha XG.

Melodic sounds

Piano Patch Number Bank Number Instrument Name 1 0 Acoustic Grand Piano 1 Wide Acoustic Grand Piano 2 Dark Acoustic Grand Piano 2 0 Bright Acoustic Piano 1 Wide Bright Acoustic Piano 3 0 Electric Grand Piano 1 Wide Electric Grand Piano 4 0 Honky-Tonk Piano 1 Wide Honky-Tonk Piano 5 0 Rhodes Electric Piano 1 Detuned Electric Piano 1 2 Variation Electric Piano 1 3 60's Electric Piano 6 0 Chorused Electric Piano 1 Detuned Electric Piano 2 2 Variation Electric Piano 2 3 Electric Piano Legend 4 Phaser Electric Piano 7 0 Harpsichord 1 Coupled Harpsichord 2 Wide Harpsichord 3 Open Harpsichord 8 0 Clavinet 1 Pulsed Clavinet

Chromatic Percussion Patch Number Bank Number Instrument Name 9 0 Celesta 10 0 Glockenspiel 11 0 Music Box 12 0 Vibraphone 1 Wet Vibraphone 13 0 Marimba 1 Wide Marimba 14 0 Xylophone 15 0 Tubular Bells 1 Church Bells 2 Carillon Bells 16 0 Dulcimer/Santur

Organ Patch Number Bank Number Instrument Name 17 0 Drawbar Organ 1 1 Detuned Drawbar Organ 2 60's Drawbar Organ 3 Drawbar Organ 2 18 0 Percussive B3 Organ 1 1 Detuned Percussive B3 Organ 2 Percussive B3 Organ 2 19 0 Rock Organ 20 0 Church Organ 1 1 Church Organ 2 2 Church Organ 3 21 0 Reeds Organ 1 Puffs Organ 22 0 French Accordion 1 Italian Accordion 23 0 Harmonica 24 0 Tango Accordion

Guitar Patch Number Bank Number Instrument Name 25 0 Nylon-Strings Guitar 1 1 Ukulele 2 Opened Nylon-Strings Guitar 3 Nylon-Strings Guitar 2 26 0 Steel-Strings Guitar 1 12-Strings Steel Guitar 2 Mandolin 3 Steel-Strings Guitar + Body Tapped Sounds 27 0 Jazz Guitar 1 Hawaiian Guitar 28 0 Clean Electric Guitar 1 Chorus Guitar 2 Mid Tone Guitar 29 0 Muted Electric Guitar 1 Funky Guitar 1 2 Funky Guitar 2 3 Jazz Man 30 0 Overdriven Guitar 1 Guitar Pinch 31 0 Distortion Guitar 1 Feedback Guitar 2 Distortion Rhythm Guitar 32 0 Guitar Harmonics 1 Guitar Feedback

Bass Patch Number Bank Number Instrument Name 33 0 Acoustic Bass 34 0 Fingered Bass 1 Fingered Slap Bass 35 0 Picked Bass 36 0 Fretless Bass 37 0 Slap Bass 1 38 0 Slap Bass 2 39 0 Synth Bass 1 1 Synth Bass 101 2 Synth Bass 3 3 Clavi Bass 4 Hammered Bass 40 0 Synth Bass 2 1 Synth Bass 4 2 Rubber Bass 3 Attack Pulsed

Orchestra Solo Patch Number Bank Number Instrument Name 41 0 Violin 1 Slow Violin 42 0 Viola 43 0 Cello 44 0 Contrabass 45 0 Tremolo Strings 46 0 Pizzicato Strings 47 0 Harp 1 Yangqin 48 0 Timpani

Orchestra Ensemble Patch Number Bank Number Instrument Name 49 0 Strings Ensemble 1 Orchestral Strings 2 60's Strings 50 0 Slow Strings Ensemble 51 0 Synth Strings 1 1 Synth Strings 3 52 0 Synth Strings 2 53 0 Choir Aahs 1 1 Choir Aahs 2 54 0 Voice Oohs 1 Humming 55 0 Synth Voice 1 Analog Voice 56 0 Orchestra Hit 1 Bass Hit 2 6th Hit 3 Euro Hit

Brass Patch Number Bank Number Instrument Name 57 0 Trumpet 1 Dark Trumpet Soft 58 0 Trombone 1 1 Trombone 2 2 Bright Trombone 59 0 Tuba 60 0 Muted Trumpet 1 1 Muted Trumpet 2 61 0 French Horns 1 1 French Horns 2 62 0 Brass Section 1 1 Brass Section 2 63 0 Synth Brass 1 1 Synth Brass 3 2 Analog Brass 1 3 Jump Brass 64 0 Synth Brass 2 1 Synth Brass 4 2 Analog Brass 2

Reed Patch Number Bank Number Instrument Name 65 0 Soprano Sax 66 0 Alto Sax 67 0 Tenor Sax 68 0 Baritone Sax 69 0 Oboe 70 0 English Horn 71 0 Bassoon 72 0 Clarinet

Wind Patch Number Bank Number Instrument Name 73 0 Piccolo 74 0 Flute 75 0 Recorder 76 0 Pan Flute 77 0 Bottle Blow 78 0 Shakuhachi 79 0 Whistle 80 0 Ocarina

Synth Lead Patch Number Bank Number Instrument Name 81 0 Square Lead 1 Square Wave 2 Sine Wave 82 0 Saw Lead 1 Saw Wave 2 Doctor Solo (Roland MT-32 patch 45) 3 Natural Lead 4 Sequenced Saw 83 0 Synth Calliope 84 0 Chiffer Lead 85 0 Charang 1 Wire Lead 86 0 Solo Synth Vox 87 0 5th Saw Wave 88 0 Bass & Lead 1 Delayed Lead

Synth Pad Patch Number Bank Number Instrument Name 89 0 Fantasia Pad 90 0 Warm Pad 1 Sine Pad 91 0 Polysynth Pad 92 0 Space Voice Pad 1 Itopia 93 0 Bowed Glass Pad 94 0 Metal Pad 95 0 Halo Pad 96 0 Sweep Pad

Synth Sound FX Patch Number Bank Number Instrument Name 97 0 Ice Rain 98 0 Soundtrack 99 0 Crystal 1 Synth Mallet 100 0 Atmosphere 101 0 Brightness 102 0 Goblin 103 0 Echo Drops 1 Echo Bell 2 Echo Pan 104 0 Star Theme

Ethnic Patch Number Bank Number Instrument Name 105 0 Sitar 1 1 Sitar 2 106 0 Banjo 107 0 Shamisen 108 0 Koto 1 Taisho Koto 109 0 Kalimba 110 0 Bagpipe 111 0 Fiddle 112 0 Shanai

Percussive Patch Number Bank Number Instrument Name 113 0 Tinkle Bells 114 0 Agogô 115 0 Steel Drums 116 0 Woodblock 1 Castanets 117 0 Taiko Drums 1 Concert Bass Drums 118 0 Melodic Tom 1 1 Melodic Tom 2 119 0 Synth Drums 1 808 Toms 2 Electric Percussion 120 0 Reversed Cymbals

Sound Effect Patch Number Bank Number Instrument Name 121 0 Guitar Fret Noise 1 Guitar Cut Noise 2 String Slap 122 0 Breath Noise 1 Flute Key Click 123 0 Seashore 1 Rain 2 Thunder 3 Wind 4 Stream 5 Bubble 124 0 Bird 1 Dog 2 Horse Gallop 3 Bird 2 125 0 Telephone 1 1 Telephone 2 2 Door Creaking 3 Door Closing 4 Scratch 5 Wind Chimes 126 0 Helicopter 1 Car Engine 2 Car Stop 3 Car Pass 4 Car Crash 5 Siren 6 Train 7 Jet Plane 8 Starship 9 Burst Noise 127 0 Applause 1 Laughter 2 Screaming 3 Punch 4 Heartbeat 5 Footsteps 128 0 Gunshot 1 Machine Gun 2 Laser gun 3 Explosion

Drum sounds These are the same patch numbers as defined in the original version of GS. Drum bank is accessed by setting cc#0 (Bank Select MSB) to 120 and cc#32 (Bank Select LSB) to 0 and PC (Program Change) to select drum kit. 1Standard Kit The only kit specified by General MIDI Level 19Room Kit Drums recorded with room ambience17Power Kit More powerful kick and snare sounds 25Electronic Kit Sounds of various electronic drums26TR-808 Kit Analog drum kit similar to Roland TR-808 33Jazz Kit Softer kick and snare sounds than the Standard Kit41Brush Kit Many brush sounds added 49Orchestra Kit A collection of concert drums and timpani57Sound FX Kit A collection of sound effects

Additional percussion notes These are the same GS drum notes and span Drum Kits 1 to 49: 27High Q34Metronome Bell28Slap 82Shaker29Scratch Push 83Jingle Bell30Scratch Pull 84Belltree31Sticks 85Castanets32Square Click 86Mute Surdo33Metronome Click 87Open Surdo

Supported Control Change messages CCFunction0/32Bank Select (MSB/LSB)1Modulation Wheel2Breath Controller4Foot Controller5Portamento Time7Channel Volume10Pan64Damper Pedal On/Off (Sustain)65Portamento On/Off66Sostenuto On/Off67Soft Pedal On/Off70Sound Variation71Timbre/Harmonic Intensity (filter resonance)72Release Time73Attack Time74Brightness (cutoff frequency)75Decay Time76Vibrato Rate77Vibrato Depth78Vibrato Delay91Effect 1 Depth (reverb send level)92Effect 2 Depth (formerly tremolo depth)93Effect 3 Depth (chorus send level)94Effect 4 Depth (formerly detune depth)95Effect 5 Depth (formerly phaser depth)6/38Data Entry (MSB/LSB)100/101Registered Parameter Number (MSB/LSB)

Supported Registered Parameter Numbers (RPNs) Pitch Bend Sensitivity Channel Fine Tune Channel Coarse Tune Modulation Depth Range (Vibrato Depth Range) RPN NULL

Supported Universal System Exclusive (SysEx) messages Master Volume Master Fine Tuning Master Coarse Tuning Reverb Type Reverb Time Chorus Type Chorus Mod Rate Chorus Mod Depth Chorus Feedback Chorus Send to Reverb Controller Destination Setting Scale/Octave Tuning Adjust Key-Based Instrument Controllers GM2 System On

See also Comparison of MIDI standards

References

External links MIDI Manufacturers Association (MMA)