List of extinct languages of Asia

This article is a list of languages and dialects that have no native speakers, no spoken descendants, and that diverged from their parent language in Asia.

There are 253 languages listed. 22 from Central Asia, 51 from East Asia, 22 from South Asia, 44 from Southeast Asia, 28 from Siberia and 86 from West Asia.

Central Asia Language/dialectFamilyDate of extinctionEthnic group(s)Native toNotesAvestanIndo-European800s BCAvestan peopleCentral AsiaUsed as scriptural language of ZoroastrianismBactrianIndo-European1000s ADBactriansBactriaBulgarTurkic1200s ADBulgarsPontic–Caspian steppeCumanTurkic1770 ADCumansCumaniaFergana KipchakTurkic1920sFergana Kipchak speakersFergana ValleyGorganiIndo-European1500–1700s ADSemnaniGorganHunnicunclassified400s ADHunsEurasian SteppeInkuIndo-European1990sJalali, Pikraj, Shadibaz, VangawalaAfghanistanKambojanIndo-EuropeanKambojasKamboja KingdomKhazarTurkic1100s ADKhazarsKhazar KhaganateKhwarezmianTurkic1000s ADKhwarezmiansKhwarazmMogholMongolic2013MogholsHeratNamSino-TibetanNam speakersCentral AsiaOngkor SolonTungusicsince the 1950sMoseley (2010), p. 58.Ongkor SolonsXinjiang and Ili Kazakh Autonomous PrefecturePahlavaniIndo-EuropeanPahlavani peopleChakhansur DistrictParthianIndo-European1000s ADParthiansParthiaPontic ScythianIndo-European0s BCScythiansPontic–Caspian steppeSarghulamiIndo-Europeanby 2014SarghulamiBadakhshanTirahiIndo-Europeanby 2025TirahiNangarharVanjiIndo-Europeanafter 1925Vanj peopleEmirate of BukharaWotapuri-KatarqalaiIndo-European1960Wotapuri-Katarqalai speakersAfghanistanYuebanunclassifiedafter 490 ADYuebanJetisu

East Asia Language/dialectFamilyDate of extinctionEthnic group(s)Native toNotesAlchukaTungusic1980sAlchukaHeilongjiangBabuzaAustronesianby 1977Babuza and Taokaswestern coast of TaiwanBaekjeKoreanic600s ADBaekjeBaekjeBailangSino-Tibetan300s ADBailang speakersSichuanBalaTungusic1982 ADBalaZhangguangcai RangeBalhaeunclassifiedBalhae speakersBalhaeBasayAustronesian1940–1960sQauqaut and BasayNorthern TaiwanBuyeoKoreanic?500s ADYemaekManchuriaDiunclassifiedafter 500s ADDiwestern ChinaDinglingunclassifiedafter 600s ADDinglingnorthern ChinaDuanPara-Mongolic?after 356 ADDuan tribeLiaoxi CommanderyEmishiAinu languages?Emishi peoplenorthern JapanFavorlangAustronesian1740–1760sBabuzaTaiwanGayaunclassified600s ADKara tribal confederationGaya confederacyGoguryeoKoreanic700s ADGoguryeo peopleManchuria and KoreaHokkaido AinuAinuby 2021Ainu peopleHokkaidoJieeither Yeniseian or Turkicafter 350 ADJie peopleNorthern ChinaKiautschou German pidginGerman-based pidgin1900–1920sGerman-educated ChineseKiautschou Bay Leased TerritoryKhitanPara-Mongolic?1125 ADKhitan peoplenortheastern China, southeastern Mongolia and eastern SiberiaKhotonTurkic1800s ADKhotonsInner Mongolia and MongoliaKulonAustronesianKulon speakersTaiwanKyakalaTungusic1980sKyakalaNortheastern ChinaLewuSino-Tibetan1985YaoYunnanLongjiaSino-Tibetanpossibly by 2011Zhao Weifeng [赵卫峰]. 2011. History of the Bai people of Guizhou [贵州白族史略]. Yinchuan, China: Ningxia People's Press [宁夏人民出版社]. LongjiaGuizhouLuilangAustronesianby 1977KetagalanBanqiao DistrictLurenSino-Tibetan1960sGuizhou Province Gazetteer: Ethnic Gazetteer [贵州省志. 民族志] (2002). Guiyang: Guizhou Ethnic Publishing House [貴州民族出版社].LurenGuizhouMahanKoreanic?600s ADMahan peopleMahan confederacyMatagiJaponic2021 ADMatagiAkita and AomoriMulaoKra–Dai2010sMulaoGuizhouOkjeoKoreanic?500s ADOkjeo peopleOkjeoOld Yueunclassified0s ADNanyueSouthern ChinaPapora-HoanyaAustronesianby 2009Papora and HoanyaTaiwanPazehAustronesian2010Kazabu and Pazeh peopleTaiwan12 speakers of Kaxabu dialectQifuPara-Mongolic?400s ADXianbeiWestern QinRouranMongolicafter 620 ADRouranRouran Khaganate (Mongolia and Northern China)SakaIndo-European1000s ADSakaTarim BasinSirayaAustronesian1800s ADSirayaTaiwanTaivoanAustronesian1870–1890s ADTaivoan peopleTaiwanTamnaJaponic?1400s ADTamnansTamnaTangutSino-Tibetan1500s ADTangutNorthwestern ChinaTocharian AIndo-European850 ADTochariansTarim BasinTocharian BIndo-European850 ADTochariansKuchaTocharian CIndo-European850 ADTochariansTarim BasinTuyuhunPara-Mongolic?500s ADTuyuhun peopleTuyuhunTuobaPara-Mongolic?400s ADTuobaNorthern China and MongoliaWuhuanPara-Mongolic?200s ADWuhuanInner MongoliaWusunIndo-Europeanafter 5th century ADWusunQilian Mountains and DunhuangXiongnuunclassified100s ADXiongnuXiongnu EmpireXianbeiPara-Mongolic?200s ADXianbeiXianbei stateYe-MaekKoreanic500s ADYemaekManchuria and Southern KoreaYokohameseJapanese based pidgin1870–1890sWestern and Chinese tradersYokohamaZhang-ZhungSino-Tibetan900s ADZhangzhung peoplewestern Tibet

South Asia Language/dialectFamilyDate of extinctionEthnic group(s)Native toNotesAariyaunclassifiedafter 1964AariyaMadhya PradeshAhomKra–Dai1800sAhomsAssamAngami Naga Sign Languagelanguage isolateafter 1921Angami NagasNagalandAshokan PrakritIndo-European232 BCAshokaMaurya EmpireBengali Portuguese CreolePortuguese creoleearly 20th centuryBengali Portuguese Creole speakersIndia and BangladeshBombay Portuguese CreolePortuguese creoleBombay Portuguese Creole speakersMumbaiChairelSino-Tibetanafter 1859Chairel speakersManipurChakpaSino-Tibetansince the 1950sMoseley (2010), p. 203.Chakpa speakersManipurCochin Portuguese CreolePortuguese creole20 August 2010Cochin Portuguese Creole speakersKochiDuraSino-TibetanAugust 2008DuraNepalGandhariIndo-European200s ADGandhari peopleGandharaHarappanunclassified1900s BCHarappan peopleIndus RiverJudeo-UrduIndo-European1700sBaghdadi JewsMumbai and KolkataLubankiIndo-EuropeanLabanaPunjabMalaryanDravidianby 1996Malaryan speakersKeralaMoranSino-Tibetanby 1931MoransAssamNagarchalDravidian1981NagarchiCentral IndiaPaishachiIndo-European900s ADPaishachi peopleNorth IndiaRangasSino-Tibetanafter 1900–1920sRangkas peopleUttarakhandShauraseni PrakritIndo-European1000s ADMedieval IndiansMedieval IndiaTolchaSino-Tibetansince the 1950sMoseley (2010), p. 201.TolcchasNiti ValleyDialect of RongpoUllatanDravidian1991UlladanIndia

Southeast Asia Language/dialectFamilyDate of extinctionEthnic group(s)Native toNotesAmpanangAustronesianafter 1905Ampanang speakersKenohan, Kutai Kartanegara RegencyBaleAndamanese1930–1950sBaleRitchie's Archipelago, Havelock Island and Neil IslandBeaAndamanese1931Beawestern Andaman Strait and the northern and western coast of South AndamanBoAndamaneseJanuary 26, 2010Bowest central coast of the North Andaman and on the North Reef IslandDialect of Northern AndamaneseCariAndamaneseApril 4, 2020Carinorth coast of North Andaman and on Landfall IslandDialect of Northern AndamaneseDicamay AgtaAustronesian1957–1974 AetaLuzonHotiAustronesianby 2007 ADHoti speakersMaluku IslandsHponSino-Tibetan1990sHpon speakersMyanmarHukuminaAustronesianby 2024Hukumina speakersnorthwest BuruJangilAndamaneseby 1920sJangilRutland IslandUnattestedJudeo-MalayAustronesianMalaysian JewsPenangJuwoiAndamanese1931Juwoiwest central and southwest interior of Middle AndamanKamarianAustronesian2001–2007Kamarianwest Seram IslandKatabanganAustronesianby 2006AgtaBondoc PeninsulaKayeliAustronesian1989Kayeli peopleBuruKedeAndamanese1930–1950sAka-KedeSoutheast Middle AndamanKenaboiunclassifiedafter 1890sKenaboiNegeri SembilanKolAndamanese1921KolNorthern section of Middle AndamanKoraAndamaneseNovember 2009Koranortheast and north central coasts of North Andaman and Smith IslandDialect of Northern AndamaneseLelakAustronesian1970sLelak peopleSarawakLounAustronesianLoun peopleMaluku IslandsLuhuAustronesianby 2024Luhu speakersSeram IslandMakuvaTrans–New Guinea?1950sMakuva peopleEast TimorMardijkerPortuguese creole2012Mardijker peopleJakartaMixed Great AndamaneseMixed Khora–Bo–Jeru–Sare on a Jeru base2009JeruStrait IslandMokselaunclassified1974Moksela peopleBuru IslandMount Iraya AgtaAustronesianby 2013Aetaeast of Lake BuhiNakaʼelaAustronesian1990sNakaʼela speakersMaluku IslandsNilaAustronesian1999Nila speakersNila Island and Seram IslandPucikwarAndamanese1930–1950sPucikwarsouth coast of Middle Andaman, northeast coast of South Andaman and Baratang IslandPalumataAustronesian?by 2024Palumata speakersBuruPhalokAustroasiaticsince 1950sMoseley (2010), p. 209.Phalok peopleChiang MaiDialect of Eastern LawaPortugisPortuguese creoleby 2024Christians of mixed Portuguese and Malay ancestryIndonesiaPyuSino-Tibetan1100s ADPyu peopleMyanmarRusenuTrans–New Guinea?after 2007Rusenu speakerseastern East TimorSabümAustroasiatic1976MalaysiaSeruAustronesiansince 1950sMoseley (2010), p. 211.Seru peopleSarawakSeruaAustronesianby 2024SeruansSeram IslandTamanSino-Tibetan1990sShanTamanthiTamboraPapuanApril 1815Tambora cultureSumbawaTây BồiFrench pidginafter 1954Vietnamese peopleVietnamTeunAustronesian2013Teun speakersSeram IslandTimor PidginPortuguese creole1960sPortuguese settlersDiliWila'Austroasiatic1800s–1820sWila' speaking peopleMalaysia

Siberia Language/dialectFamilyDate of extinctionEthnic group(s)Native toNotesArinYeniseianlate 1730sArinsYenisey between Yeniseysk and KrasnoyarskArmanTungusic1970sMoseley (2010), p. 52.EvensArman riverDialect of EvenAssanYeniseian1790Asan peopleKrasnoyarsk KraiBering AleutEskaleutMarch 2021AleutsKamchatka Krai, RussiaDialect of AleutChuvanYukaghir1700sChuvansAnadyr river basin of ChukotkaEastern ItelmenChukotko-Kamchatkan1930sItelmensKamchatka PeninsulaEastern MansiUralic2018MansiKhanty-MansiGovorkaRussian based creoleby 2005NganasanTaymyr PeninsulaKamasUralic1989Kamasinsnorth of the Sayan MountainsKamas TurkTurkicsince 1950sMoseley (2010), p. 195-196.Koibals and KamasinsKhakassiaDialect of KhakasKerekChukotko-Kamchatkan2005KereksChukotkaKottYeniseian1800sKottsManaKuril AinuAinu1850–1890sKuril AinuKuril Islands, Kamchatka and HokkaidoKyakhtaRussian-Chinese pidgin1920–1940sRussian and Chinese tradersKyakhtaLower ChulymTurkic2011ChulymsSiberiaDialect of ChulymMatorUralic1840 ADKoibalSayan MountainsMednyj AleutMixed Aleut–RussianOctober 2022Alaskan Creoles on Medny IslandCommander Islands, RussiaOmokYukaghir1700sOmoksYakutia and MagadanOrochTungusic2008OrochsKhabarovsk Krai119 speakers reported in 2021PumpokolYeniseian1740sPumpokolsYeniseySakhalin AinuAinu1994Sakhalin AinuSakhalin and HokkaidoSirenikiEskaleut1997Sirenik EskimosBering Strait regionSouthern ItelmenChukotko-Kamchatkan1900sItelmensKamchatka PeninsulaSouthern KhantyUralic1940s–1960sKhantylower Irtysh56 speakers reported in 2010Southern MansiUralic1930–1970sMansiSverdlovskWestern MansiUralic1970–1990sMansiSverdlovskYughYeniseianby 1972YugYeniseyYuratsUralic1800sYuratswest of the Yenisey

West Asia