EN 14214 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization that describes the requirements and test methods for FAME - the most common type of biodiesel.
The technical definition of biodiesel is a fuel suitable for use in compression ignition (diesel) engines that is made of fatty acid monoalkyl esters derived from biologically produced oils or fats including vegetable oils, animal fats and microalgal oils. When biodiesel is produced from these types of oil using methanol fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) are produced. Biodiesel fuels can also be produced using other alcohols, for example using ethanol to produce fatty acid ethyl esters, however these types of biodiesel are not covered by EN 14214 which applies only to methyl esters i.e. biodiesel produced using methanol.
This European Standard exists in three official versions - English, French, German. The current version of the standard was published in November 2008 and supersedes EN 14214:2003.
Differences exist between the national versions of the EN 14214 standard. These differences relate to cold weather requirements and are detailed in the national annex of each standard.
It is broadly based on the earlier German standard DIN 51606. The ASTM and EN standards both recommend very similar methods for the GC based analyses.
Blends are designated as "B" followed by a number indicating the percentage biodiesel. For example: B100 is pure biodiesel. B99 is 99% biodiesel, 1% petrodiesel. B20 is 20% biodiesel and 80% fossil diesel.
Specifications
PropertyUnitslower limitupper limitTest Method Ester content % (m/m) 96.5 - - Density at 15°C kg/m³ 860 900 EN ISO 3675 / EN ISO 12185 / EN12185. Viscosity at 40°C mm²/s 3.5 5.0 EN ISO 3104 / EN 14105 Flash point °C > 120 - EN ISO 2719 / EN ISO 3679. Sulfur content mg/kg - 10 - EN ISO 20846 / EN ISO 20884. Cetane number - 51,0 - EN ISO 5165 Sulfated ash content % (m/m) - 0,02 ISO 3987 Water content mg/kg - 500 EN ISO 12937 Total contamination mg/kg - 24 EN 12662 Copper band corrosion (3 hours at 50 °C) rating Class 1 Class 1 EN ISO 2160 Oxidation stability, 110°C hours 8PN-EN 14214:2012 - EN 14112 Acid value mg KOH/g - 0,5 EN 14104 Iodine value - - 120 EN 14111 Linolenic Acid Methylester % (m/m) - 12 EN 14103 Polyunsaturated (>= 4 Double bonds) Methylester % (m/m) - 1 EN 14103 Methanol content % (m/m) - 0,2 EN 14110 Monoglyceride content % (m/m) - 0,7 EN 14105 Diglyceride content % (m/m) - 0,2 EN 14105 Triglyceride content % (m/m) - 0,2 EN 14105 Free Glycerine % (m/m) - 0,02 EN 14105 / EN 14106 Total Glycerine % (m/m) - 0,25 EN 14105 Group I metals (Na+K) mg/kg - 5 EN 14108 / EN 14109 / EN 14538 Group II metals (Ca+Mg) mg/kg - 5 EN 14538 Phosphorus content mg/kg - 4 EN14107
See also ASTM D6751 — the standard used in USA and Canada EN EN 590 List of EN standards
References
External links CEN homepage Country specific CFPP requirements according to national annexes of EN 14214