Mascheroni is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Adriano Mascheroni (died 1531), Italian Roman Catholic prelate Angelo Mascheroni (bishop) (born 1929), Italian Roman Catholic bishop Angelo Mascheroni (composer) (1855–1905), Italian pianist, composer, conductor and music teacher Carlo Mascheroni (born 1940), Italian equestrian Edoardo Mascheroni (1852–1941), Italian composer and conductor Ernesto Mascheroni (1907–1984), Uruguayan footballer Fabio Mascheroni (born 1977), Italian long-distance runner Lorenzo Mascheroni (1750–1800), Italian mathematician Marcelo Mascheroni (born 1959), Argentine field hockey player Oliviero Mascheroni (1914–1987), Italian football player