Chua is a Hokkien or Teochew romanisation of the surname Cai. People so named include:
Alfrancis Chua (born 1966), Filipino sports executive Amy Chua (born 1962), American corporate lawyer, legal academic and author Chua Beng Huat, Singaporean sociologist Dino Carlo Chua (born 1980), Filipino businessman and politician Brent Chua (born 1985), Chinese-Filipino model and fashion photographer Chua Ek Kay (1947–2008), Singaporean artist Chua Enlai (born 1979), Singaporean comedian and actor Jean Chua (born 1987), Malaysian professional golfer Chua Jim Neo (1905–1980), Singaporean chef and cookbook writer Joel Chua (born 1972), Filipino lawyer and politician Joi Chua (born 1978), Singaporean singer Jonathan Chua (born 1990), Singaporean actor and singer Chua Jui Meng (1943–2023), Malaysian politician Kat Chua (born 1992), Filipino politician Chua Lam (born 1941), Singaporean columnist and food critic Leon O. Chua (born 1936), American electrical engineer and computer scientist Manuel Chua ( 1986), Filipino model and actor Michael Chua, Singaporean film producer, director and poet Chua Phung Kim (1939–1990), Singaporean weightlifter Robert Chua (born 1946), Singaporean broadcaster and businessman Chua Ser Lien (1961–2020), Singaporean kidnapper Simon Chua Ling Fung, Singaporean bodybuilder Chua Sock Koong (born 1957), Singaporean businesswoman Chua Soi Lek (born 1947), Chinese-Malaysian politician Chua Soon Bui (born 1955), Malaysian politician Tanya Chua (born 1975), Singaporean singer-songwriter Chua Tee Yong (born 1977), Malaysian politician Chua Tian Chang (born 1963), Malaysian politician Tony Chua (1965–2009), Filipino Chinese businessman
See also Chua's circuit, an electrical circuit invented by Leon O. Chua, that exhibits chaotic behaviour