A solubility chart is a chart describing whether the ionic compounds formed from different combinations of cations and anions dissolve in or precipitate from solution.
Chart The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. ). "Soluble" means the ionic compound does not precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate. For compounds with multiple hydrates, the solubility of the most soluble hydrate is shown.
Some compounds, such as nickel oxalate, will not precipitate immediately even though they are insoluble, requiring a few minutes to precipitate out.
+ Key S highly soluble or miscible ≥20 g/L sS slightly soluble 0.1~20 g/L I relatively insoluble <0.1 g/L R reacts with or in water ? unavailable
HalogensChalcogensPnictogensCrystallogens FluorideF− ChlorideCl− BromideBr− IodideI− Perchlorate OxideO2− HydroxideOH− SulfideS2− Sulfate Nitrate Azide Phosphate Carbonate CyanideCN− ThiocyanateSCN− Acetate Oxalate Hydrogen H+ S S S S S N/A N/A sS S S S S S S S S S Ammonium S S S S S S S R S S S S S S S S S Lithium Li+ sS S S S S R S R S S S sS sS S S S S Sodium Na+ S S S S S R S R S S S S S S S S S Potassium K+ S S S S sS R S R S S S S S S S S S Rubidium Rb+ S S S S sS R S R S S S S S S S S S Caesium Cs+ S S S S sS R S R S S S S S S S S S Beryllium Be2+ S S S R S I I R S S R I sS R S S S Magnesium Mg2+ sS S S S S R I R S S R I sS R S S sS Calcium Ca2+ I S S S S R sS R sS S S I I R S S sS Strontium Sr2+ sS S S S S R sS R sS S S I I S S S I Barium Ba2+ sS S S S S R S R I S S I I S S S I Aluminium Al3+ sS S S S S I I R S S R I R R S S I Gallium Ga3+ I S S R S I I R sS S R I R R S S ? Manganese(II) Mn2+ sS S S S S I I I S S R I I S S S I Iron(II) Fe2+ sS S S S S I I I S S ? I I ? S S sS Cobalt(II) Co2+ sS S S S S I I I S S S I I I S S I Nickel(II) Ni2+ S S S S S I I I S S S I I I S S I Copper(II) Cu2+ sS S S ? S I I I S S I I I I I S I Zinc Zn2+ sS S S S S I I I S S R I I I S S I Cadmium Cd2+ S S S S S I I I S S S I I sS sS S I Mercury(II) Hg2+ R S sS I S I I I R S sS I I S sS S sS Vanadium(III) V3+ I S S S S I I I sS S ? I ? ? S ? ? Chromium(III) Cr3+ sS S S S S I I I S S R I I S S S ? Iron(III) Fe3+ S S S R S I I I S S S sS R S S S sS Gold(III) Au3+ R S sS ? ? I I I ? ? ? I I S ? sS ? Tin(II) Sn2+ S S S S S I I I S ? sS I I ? I R sS Lead(II) Pb2+ sS sS sS sS S I sS I I S S I I ? sS S I Silver Ag+ S I I I S I I I sS S I I I I I sS I Mercury(I) R I I I S I ? ? sS S I ? I I ? S ? FluorideF− ChlorideCl− BromideBr− IodideI− Perchlorate OxideO2− HydroxideOH− SulfideS2− Sulfate Nitrate Azide Phosphate Carbonate CyanideCN− ThiocyanateSCN− Acetate Oxalate
See also Solubility rules
Notes
References