Patiala district is one of the twenty-three districts in the state of Punjab in north-west India. The district is part of the Patiala division. The headquarters is Patiala.
Location Patiala district lies between 38 47’ and 39 41’ north latitude, 115 58’ and 116 54' east longitude, in the southeast part of the state. It is surrounded by Fatehgarh Sahib, Rupnagar and Mohali to the north, Fatehgarh Sahib and Sangrur districts to the west, Ambala, Panchkula, Haryana to the northeast and Kurukshetra districts of neighboring Haryana state to the east, and Kaithal district of Haryana to the southwest.
History Baba Ala Singh (1691–1765), a Sikh chieftain from the village Rampura Phul in Bathinda District of Punjab, with his army of young brave men migrated to Barnala where Baba Ala Singh in 1763 set up his new state. Later Baba Ala Singh moved to a small village of Lehal where he built a new city on the village, naming it as Patiala. He laid the foundations of a steady and stable state known as the Phulkian Dynasty south of Sirhind. In and around Patiala District he founded many villages within his territory, and reconstructed many historical Gurdwaras relating to Sikh religion.
It was since Baba Ala Singh's time that Patiala District came into being as before the area was under the Sirhind Government. Baba Ala Singh made Sirhind, Tohana, Mansa, Bathinda, Sangrur and Barnala, Fatehabad District part of Patiala State.
In 1809, Patiala State came under British protection during the reign of Raja-e-Rajgan Sahib Singh (1773–1813), under the Treaty of Amritsar.
During the British era, Patiala district in Patiala State consisted of two tehsils: Patiala and Rajpura.Census Report 1941 Patiala State, BY Lt. Col. Sukhdev Singh, Superintendent, Census Operations, page 10, Census of India Digital Library After integration, Patiala district was reorganized by incorporating areas from Nabha State, along with seven villages near Wazidpur and the Kularan area from the former Jind State,Punjab Phulkian States Gazetteers, Volume XVII-A, 1904, p. 139. Available at Archive.org forming a district with three tehsils: Nabha, Patiala, and Rajpura & District became part of the Patiala and East Punjab States Union (PEPSU).1951 Census of india, Punjab, Pepsu, Hiamchal, delhi, bilaspur Part- I Report
Later, in 1953, the districts of Fatehgarh Sahib and Kohistan were merged into Patiala district.Page No. 10,11 - General Population Tables, Part II-A , Vol-XIII, Punjab - Census 1961 Kohistan district had been formed earlier from the entire Nalagarh State and parts of Patiala & Kalsia State.About Dera Bassi - https://dera-bassi.punjabonline.in/guide/about-dera-bassi It comprised three tehsils: Nalagarh, Kandaghat, and Dera Bassi.
After the merger, the Dera Bassi tehsil was abolished and incorporated into Rajpura tehsil. In 1956, PEPSU was dissolved and merged into the state of Punjab. In 1959, the entire Nalagarh tehsil was transferred to Ambala district, while the Kandaghat tehsil was divided—its Pinjore Kanungo Circle was transferred to Kharar tehsil of Ambala district, and the remaining portion was transferred to Shimla district.
On 13 April 1992, the day of Baisakhi, Fatehgarh Sahib was carved out as a separate district.About Fatehgarth sahib District nic.in Later, in April 2006, when SAS Nagar (Mohali) district was created, the Dera Bassi area was included in the newly formed district.About Mohali District nic.in
Geography This district contains many small hill ranges that are part of the Shivalik Hills.
Administration The district is divided into three sub-divisions: Patiala, Rajpura and Nabha, which are further divided into six tehsils: Patiala, Rajpura, Nabha, Samana, Dudhan Sadhan and Pattran. It also comprises ten blocks, Patiala, Rajpura, Nabha and Samana, Patran, Ghanour, Shambhu kalan, Sanour, Patiala Rural, Bhunerheri.Adm Setup Patiala District nic.in
There are nine Punjab Vidhan Sabha constituencies located in this district: Patiala Urban, Patiala Rural, Rajpura, Nabha, Samana, Ghanaur, Shutrana, Sanaur, and Patran. All of these are part of Patiala Lok Sabha constituency.
Subdistricts of Patiala district According to the Indian government's integrated online directory, Patiala district is divided into the following subdistricts (tehsils/subdivisions) and blocks:
Subdistricts Dudhan Sadhan Nabha Patiala Patran Rajpura Samana Blocks: Bhuner Heri Ghanaur Nabha Patiala Patiala Rural Patran Rajpura Samana Sanour Shambu Kalan
Industry Patiala is fast emerging as an important industrial growth center on the industrial map of the state. Besides traditional goods, high quality and sophisticated items are now produced including small cutting tools, power cables, Vanaspati ghee, bicycles, and agriculture implements including harvester combines and threshers, milk products, and pesticides. The industrial units are scattered all over the district mainly at Rajpura, Patiala, Samana, and Nabha. There are large and medium industrial units located at Rajpura producing Vanaspati ghee, power cables, bicycles, and bicycle components and at Dera Bassi producing spun-yarn and alcohol. Among the small scale industry in the district are those producing agriculture implements, rice shellers, cutting tools, electrical goods, and bakeries. There are industrial focal points at Patiala, Rajpura, Nabha, and Dera Bassi and two industrial estates at Rajpura, Patiala.
Demographics Patiala having a population of 1,895,686 is the 4th most populated district of Punjab after Ludhiana, Amritsar, and Jalandhar as per the 2011 census. According to the 2011 census, Patiala district has a population of 1,895,686, roughly equal to the nation of Slovenia or the US state of Mississippi. This gives it a ranking of 248th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 19.4%. Patiala has a sex ratio of 888 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 76.3%. Scheduled Castes made up 24.55% of the population.
Gender The table below shows the sex ratio of Patiala district through decades.
+Sex ratio of Patiala district Census Year 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 Sex Ratio 809 831 850 870 882 875 891 The table below shows the child sex ratio of children below the age of 6 years in the rural and urban areas of Patiala district.
+Child sex ratio of children below the age of 6 years in Patiala districtYearUrbanRural20118528272001794769
Religion
The table below shows the population of different religions in absolute numbers in the urban and rural areas of Patiala district.
+Absolute numbers of different religious groups in Patiala districtReligionUrban (2011)Rural (2011)Urban (2001)Rural (2001)Urban (1991)Rural (1991)Hindu4,53,619 3,29,687 3,86,2883,92,1392,95,4733,68,233Sikh2,88,9847,70,960 2,45,6187,78,9281,63,1757,14,590Muslim13,81226,2318,237 26,5912,89919,275Christian2,847 2,8361,8641,9016511,736Other religions4,0182,6922,7036652,097769
Language
At the time of the 2011 census, 89.61% of the population spoke Punjabi, 7.79% Hindi and 1.24% Saraiki as their first language.
Health The table below shows the data from the district nutrition profile of children below the age of 5 years, in Patiala, as of year 2020.
+ District nutrition profile of children under 5 years of age in Patiala, year 2020IndicatorsNumber of children (<5 years) Percent (2020) Percent (2016)Stunted29,97920%18%Wasted14,65010%12%Severely wasted2,6112%5%Underweight24,97717%14%Overweight/obesity6340.4%6%Anemia101,70477%49%Total children147,534
The table below shows the district nutrition profile of Patiala of women between the ages of 15 and 49 years, as of year 2020.
+District nutritional profile of Patiala of women of 15-49 years, in 2020IndicatorsNumber of women (15-49 years) Percent (2020)Percent (2016)Underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m^2)86,26914%10%Overweight/obesity264,03843%35%Hypertension176,35329%18%Diabetes113,95919%NAAnemia (non-preg)400,57965%41%Anemia (preg)21,60772%37%Total women (preg)30,156Total women615,329
The table below shows the current use of family planning methods by currently married women between the ages of 15 and 49 years, in Patiala district.
+Family planning methods used by women between the ages of 15 and 49 years, in Patiala district"National Family Health Survey - 4, 2015 -16, District Fact Sheet, Patiala, Punjab", http://rchiips.org/NFHS/FCTS/PB/PB_FactSheet_48_Patiala.pdfMethodTotal (2015–16)Urban (2015–16)Rural (2015–16)Female sterilization34.5%31.0%37.3%Male sterilization0.4%0.6%0.2%IUD/PPIUD5.9%3.9%7.6%Pill5.2%6.7%3.9%Condom22.4%26.9%18.6%Any modern method68.5%69.1%67.9%Any method79.1%79.4%78.9%Total unmet need3.7%4.3%3.1%Unmet need for spacing2.1%3.1%1.2%
The table below shows the number of road accidents and people affected in Patiala district by year.
+Road accidents and people affected in Patiala district by yearYearAccidentsKilledInjuredVehicles Involved2022648412437984 202164343048472720205123393807742019610354467819
Topography Most of the area is plains in the form of agricultural land. The river Ghaghar remains dry during most part of the year. However, during the rainy season, it often causes flooding in the adjoining villages, which results in damage to the crops, livestock, and human lives. Other subsidiary rivers are Tangri Nadi, Patiala-Wali-Nadi, Sirhind Choe, and the Jhambowali Choe.
Apart from the natural water lines, the Bhakra Main Line canal, the Nawana Branch, and the Ghaghar Link are the most important. These canals are the backbone of the irrigation system of the district.
Politics No. Constituency Name of MLA PartyBench109Nabha (SC) Gurdev Singh Dev Maan Government110Patiala RuralBalbir Singh Government111Rajpura Neena Mittal Government113Ghanaur Gurlal Ghanaur Government114Sanour Harmit Singh Pathanmajra Government115.Patiala Ajit Pal Singh Kohli Government116SamanaChetan Singh Jaura Majra Government117Shutrana (SC) Kulwant Singh Bazigar Government
Notable people Umang Gupta, an Indian-American entrepreneur in Silicon Valley, California Sanju Bansal, an Indian-American businessman, co-founder of MicroStrategy, a worldwide provider of enterprise software platforms Kamal Khan, a singer
See also Bir Bunerheri Wildlife Sanctuary, wildlife sanctuary in the district
References
External links