This is a list of rice cultivars, also known as rice varieties. There are several species of grain called rice. Asian rice (Oryza sativa) is most widely known and most widely grown, with two major subspecies (indica and japonica) and over 40,000 varieties. Also included in this list are varieties of African rice (Oryza glaberrima) and wild rice (genus Zizania).
Rice may vary in genetics, grain length, color, thickness, stickiness, aroma, growing method, and other characteristics, leading to many cultivars. For instance, over nine major rice cultivars exist to make sake alone. The two subspecies of Asian rice, indica and japonica, can generally be distinguished by length and stickiness. Indica rice is long-grained and unsticky, while japonica is short-grained and glutinous.
Rice can also be divided based on processing type into the two broad categories of brown and white. Brown rice is whole grain, with only the inedible hull of the seed removed, while white rice additionally has the bran and germ removed through the process of milling. Milled rice may not necessarily actually be white in color; there are purple, black, and red variants of rice, which can be eaten whole grain or milled.
The cultivars listed in this article may vary in any number of these characteristics, and most can be eaten whole grain or milled (brown or white). However, there are often strong cultural preferences for one or the other, depending on variety and region.
North American varieties
Texas rice Texmati Brazos Gulfrose Madison Pecos Rico Wild rice (Zizania aquatica)
California varieties
California New Variety rice Calhikari-201 Calmati-201 Calmochi rice Caloro Calrose rice Calusa Nishiki rice Wehani rice
Canadian varieties
Northern Wild rice (also known as Canadian Wild rice (Zizania palustris))
Carolina varieties
Carolina Gold Charleston Gold
Texas varieties
Texas rice Texas wild rice (Zizania texana)
Louisiana varieties
Blue Rose Earl Mercury Nato Pecan rice Popcorn rice Vista
African varieties Abakaliki rice Grown in the states of Abakaliki and Ebonyi in eastern Nigeria Cultivated thrice a year Sweet and easy to cook African rice Ekpoma rice New Rice for Africa Ofada rice Grown in Ofada, Nigeria Aromatic
Australian varieties
Doongara semi-dwarf long grain, hard cooking (high amylose) Illabong semi-dwarf arborio style Koshihikari tall short grain Japonica style Kyeema tall long grain, fragrant Langi semi-dwarf long grain, soft jade cooking (low amylose) Opus semi-dwarf short grain Japonica style Reiziq semi-dwarf medium grain Sherpa semi-dwarf medium grain Topaz semi-dwarf fragrant long grain
Bangladeshi varieties
Bhutanese varieties
Bhutanese red rice
Burmese varieties Midon () Paw hsan hmwe Emahta () Letyezin Ngasein () Byat () Black glutinous rice White glutinous rice
Cambodian varieties Bonla Pdao () Cammalis – extra long jasmine rice Long Rice Neang Khon () Neang Minh () – long grain rice Phka Khnhei () – fragrant variety, meaning "flower" Phkar Malis () – Cambodia Jasmine Rice Senchey Brand () is a low glycemic index rice (GI=55), medium grain, photosensitive period, traditional seeds Senkraob () Won the National Best Rice Award in 2017 have been certified as Medium Glycemic Index (GI) of 62 based on rigorous testing performed by Temasek Polytechnic Glycemic Index Research Unit (GIRU) Phka Romdul () Red Rice () White rice () Sen Pi Dao () Riang cheay () Srauv Pong Rolork () Srauv Ha Mort () Srauv IR ()
Chinese varieties Black Asian Manchurian Wild rice (Zizania latifolia) Oryza rufipogon
Dominican varieties Cristal 100 Idiaf 1 Inglés Corto Inglés Largo Juma 57 Juma 58 Juma 66 Juma 67 Prosequisa 4 Prosequisa 5 Prosequisa 10 Toño Brea Yocahú CFX-18
French varieties Camargue red rice
Greek varieties
Blue Rose Carolina Glassé Nychaki Parboiled
Indian varieties Until 1970, India had about 110,000 varieties of rice and now it has about 6,000 varieties.
Rice varieties of Maharastra Kasbai Indrayani Kolum Ambemohar Gobindobhog Ponni Ambika
Rice varieties of Punjab and Haryana Basmati and premium non-basmati rice grows in Punjab and Haryana region of India, such as:
Rice varieties of Andhra Pradesh Andhra Pradesh are home to hundreds of rice varieties, such as:
Rice varieties of Karnataka
Rice varieties of Odisha
Nalihati (non-aromatic) Padmakeshari (aromatic) Kalamoti (aromatic) Balami (aromatic) Kalajiri (aromatic) Tulasibasa (aromatic) Pimpudibasa (aromatic) Swarna (non-aromatic) Nalabainsi (non-aromatic) Pateni (non-aromatic) Ratna (IET-1411)
Rice varieties of Bihar Katarni rice patna rice Badshah bhog Rajendra Sweta Manjari Tulsi
Rice varieties of Kerala
Rice varieties of Tamil Nadu
Rice varieties of Telangana Indur Samba Bathukamma RNR 15048 or Telangana Sona or Karnataka Sona Improved Samba Mahsuri
West Bengal rice varieties There are possibly up to 82,700 varieties of rice extant in India, and of those more than 5000 were found in West Bengal. However, only 150 of them are commonly grown. Many are grown organically to compete with more modern cultivars. The Agricultural Training Centre of West Bengal exists to conserve and promote the use of folk rice varieties, including many listed below.
Indonesian rice varieties/landraces In Indonesia, there are at least 45 varieties of rice for wet-field production (sawah) and 150 varieties of rice for dry-field production.
Iranian varieties Many varieties of rice are cultivated in Iran. A few of them are listed below. Ambarboo Binam Domsiah Gerdeh Gharib Hasan Sarai Hasani Hashemi Kamfiruzi Grown in Fars province along the Kor River Lenjan Grown in Isfahan province along the Zayandeh Rud River Salari Sang Tarom Tarom Tarom Roushan tarom omid
Italian varieties
Japanese varieties Kitaake
Malaysian varieties
Nepali varieties
Pakistani varieties
Philippine varieties
Portuguese varieties Ariete Arroz da terra Carolino Ponta rubra Valtejo
Sri Lankan varieties
Spanish varieties
Albufera (premium pearly round rice) Bahia (pearly round rice) Balilla x Sollana (pearly round rice) Bomba (premium pearly round rice) Calasparra (premium pearly round rice) Fonsa (pearly round rice) Gleva (pearly round rice) Guadiamar (crystalline medium rice) J.Sendra (pearly round rice) Marisma (pearly round rice) Puntal (crystalline long rice) Senia (pearly round rice)
Taiwanese varieties Glutinous rice
Penglai rice
Zailai rice
Thai varieties
Black glutinous rice Jasmine rice Red Cargo rice Riceberry White glutinous rice
Vietnamese varieties Dự Hương Rice Nàng Thơm Chợ Đào Rice grown in Mỹ Lệ commune, Cần Đước district, Long An province Nếp cái hoa vàng Grown in Nam Dinh province Nếp cẩm Rice Nếp Tú Lệ Tài Nguyên Rice Grown in Long An province Tám Xoan Rice Grown in Hải Hậu district, Nam Dinh province ST24 Rice – Top 3 world's best rice awarded in 2018 ST25 Rice – The 1st world's best rice awarded 2019 and 2023 Cultivated in Sóc Trăng province – Mekong Delta (Southern Vietnam), researched and developed by Hồ Quang Cua and his team. Long grain rice that is fragrant and soft.
See also International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants List of rice diseases Lists of cultivars
References