Brazil has the largest mammal diversity in the world, with around 751 described species and more likely to be discovered. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature, 66 of these species are endangered, and 40% of the threatened taxa belong to the primate group.
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature: Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range. Critically endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. Near threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future. Least concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species. Data deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.
Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of least concern categories: LR/lc Lower risk/least concern Species for which there are no identifiable risks.
Infraclass: Metatheria Order: Didelphimorphia
Family: Caluromyidae Genus: Caluromys Brown-eared woolly opossum, C. lanatus Bare-tailed woolly opossum, C. philander Family: Didelphidae Genus: Caluromysiops Black-shouldered opossum, Caluromysiops irrupta Genus: Glironia Bushy-tailed opossum, Glironia venusta Genus: Chironectes Water opossum, Chironectes minimus Genus: Didelphis White-eared opossum, Didelphis albiventris Big-eared opossum, Didelphis aurita Guianan white-eared opossum, Didelphis imperfecta Genus: Lutreolina Big lutrine opossum, Lutreolina crassicaudata Genus: Philander Anderson's four-eyed opossum, Philander andersoni Southeastern four-eyed opossum, Philander frenatus McIlhenny's four-eyed opossum, Philander mcilhennyi Gray four-eyed opossum, Philander opossum Genus: Gracilinanus Agile gracile opossum, Gracilinanus agilis Emilia's gracile opossum, Gracilinanus emiliae Brazilian gracile opossum, Gracilinanus microtarsus Genus: Marmosa White-bellied woolly mouse opossum, Marmosa constantiae Woolly mouse opossum, Marmosa demerarae Rufous mouse opossum, Marmosa lepida Linnaeus's mouse opossum, Marmosa murina Tate's woolly mouse opossum, Marmosa paraguayana Bare-tailed woolly mouse opossum, Marmosa regina Genus: Marmosops Tschudi's slender opossum, Marmosops impavidus Gray slender opossum, Marmosops incanus Neblina slender opossum, Marmosops neblina White-bellied slender mouse opossum, Marmosops noctivagus Delicate slender opossum, Marmosops parvidens Brazilian slender opossum, Marmosops paulensis Pinheiro's slender opossum, Marmosops pinheiroi Genus: Metachirus Brown four-eyed opossum, Metachirus nudicaudatus Genus: Monodelphis Northern three-striped opossum, Monodelphis americana Northern red-sided opossum, Monodelphis brevicaudata Yellow-sided opossum, Monodelphis dimidiata Gray short-tailed opossum, Monodelphis domestica Emilia's short-tailed opossum, Monodelphis emiliae Ihering's three-striped opossum, Monodelphis iheringi Pygmy short-tailed opossum, Monodelphis kunsi Marajó short-tailed opossum, Monodelphis maraxina Chestnut-striped opossum, Monodelphis rubida Long-nosed short-tailed opossum, Monodelphis scalops Southern red-sided opossum, Monodelphis sorex Southern three-striped opossum, Monodelphis theresa Red three-striped opossum, Monodelphis umbristriata One-striped opossum, Monodelphis unistriata Genus: Thylamys Dwarf fat-tailed mouse opossum, Thylamys velutinus
Infraclass: Eutheria Order: Pilosa
Family: Bradypodidae Genus: Bradypus Maned sloth, Bradypus torquatus Pale-throated sloth, Bradypus tridactylus Brown-throated sloth, Bradypus variegatus Family: Choloepodidae Genus: Choloepus Linnaeus's two-toed sloth, Choloepus didactylus Hoffmann's two-toed sloth, Choloepus hoffmanni
Family Cyclopedidae Genus: Cyclopes Silky anteater, Cyclopes didactylus Family: Myrmecophagidae Genus: Myrmecophaga Giant anteater, Myrmecophaga tridactyla Genus: Tamandua Southern tamandua, Tamandua tetradactyla
Order: Cingulata
Family: Dasypodidae Genus: Cabassous Greater naked-tailed armadillo, Cabassous tatouay Southern naked-tailed armadillo, Cabassous unicinctus Genus: Dasypus Southern long-nosed armadillo, Dasypus hybridus Great long-nosed armadillo, Dasypus kappleri Nine-banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus Seven-banded armadillo, Dasypus septemcinctus Genus: Euphractus Six-banded armadillo, Euphractus sexcinctus Genus: Priodontes Giant armadillo, Priodontes maximus Genus: Tolypeutes Southern three-banded armadillo, Tolypeutes matacus Brazilian three-banded armadillo, Tolypeutes tricinctus
Order: Chiroptera Family: Emballonuridae Genus: Centronycteris Shaggy bat, Centronycteris maximiliani LR/lc Genus: Cormura Chestnut sac-winged bat, Cormura brevirostris Genus: Cyttarops Short-eared bat, Cyttarops alecto Genus: Diclidurus Northern ghost bat, Diclidurus albus LR/lc Greater ghost bat, Diclidurus ingens Isabelle's ghost bat, Diclidurus isabella Lesser ghost bat, Diclidurus scutatus Genus: Peropteryx Greater dog-like bat, Peropteryx kappleri LR/lc White-winged dog-like bat, Peropteryx leucoptera Lesser dog-like bat, Peropteryx macrotis LR/lc Pale-winged dog-like bat, Peropteryx pallidoptera Genus: Rhynchonycteris Proboscis bat, Rhynchonycteris naso LR/lc Genus: Saccopteryx Greater sac-winged bat, Saccopteryx bilineata Frosted sac-winged bat, Saccopteryx canescens Amazonian sac-winged bat, Saccopteryx gymnura Lesser sac-winged bat, Saccopteryx leptura Family: Phyllostomidae Subfamily: Desmodontinae Genus: Desmodus Common vampire bat, Desmodus rotundus Genus: Diaemus White-winged vampire bat, Diaemus youngii Genus: Diphylla Hairy-legged vampire bat, Diphylla ecaudata Subfamily: Glossophaginae Genus: Anoura Tailed tailless bat, Anoura caudifer Geoffroy's tailless bat, Anoura geoffroyi Genus: Choeroniscus Minor long-nosed long-tongued bat, Choeroniscus minor Genus: Glossophaga Commissaris's long-tongued bat, Glossophaga commissarisi LR/lc Miller's long-tongued bat, Glossophaga longirostris Pallas's long-tongued bat, Glossophaga soricina LR/lc Genus: Hsunycteris Thomas's nectar bat, Hsunycteris thomasi Genus: Lichonycteris Dark long-tongued bat, Lichonycteris degener LR/lc Genus: Lionycteris Chestnut long-tongued bat, Lionycteris spurrelli Genus: Lonchophylla Bokermann's nectar bat, Lonchophylla bokermanni Dekeyser's nectar bat, Lonchophylla dekeyseri Lonchophylla inexpectata, Lonchophylla inexpectata Godman's nectar bat, Lonchophylla mordax Peracchi's nectar bat, Lonchophylla peracchii Genus: Scleronycteris Ega long-tongued bat, Scleronycteris ega Subfamily: Carolliinae Genus: Rhinophylla Fischer's little fruit bat, Rhinophylla fischerae Dwarf little fruit bat, Rhinophylla pumilio Genus: Carollia Benkeith's short-tailed bat, Carollia benkeithi Silky short-tailed bat, Carollia brevicauda LR/lc Seba's short-tailed bat, Carollia perspicillata LR/lc Little white-shouldered bat, Ametrida centurio Subfamily: Phyllostominae Genus: Chrotopterus Big-eared woolly bat, Chrotopterus auritus LR/lc Genus: Garnderycteris Striped hairy-nosed bat, Gardnerycteris crenulatum LR/lc Genus: Glyphonycteris Davies's big-eared bat, Glyphonycteris daviesi Tricolored big-eared bat, Glyphonycteris sylvestris Genus: Lampronycteris Yellow-throated big-eared bat, Lampronycteris brachyotis Genus: Lonchorhina Tomes's sword-nosed bat, Lonchorhina aurita LR/lc Northern sword-nosed bat, Lonchorhina inusitata Genus: Lophostoma Pygmy round-eared bat, Lophostoma brasiliense LR/lc Carriker's round-eared bat, Lophostoma carrikeri Schultz's round-eared bat, Lophostoma schulzi White-throated round-eared bat, Lophostoma silvicola Genus: Macrophyllum Long-legged bat, Macrophyllum macrophyllum Genus: Micronycteris Brosset's big-eared bat, Micronycteris brosseti Hairy big-eared bat, Micronycteris hirsuta Little big-eared bat, Micronycteris megalotis Common big-eared bat, Micronycteris microtis White-bellied big-eared bat, Micronycteris minuta Sanborn's big-eared bat, Micronycteris sanborni Schmidts's big-eared bat, Micronycteris schmidtorum LR/lc Genus: Mimon Golden bat, Mimon bennettii Genus: Neonycteris Least big-eared bat, Neonycteris pusilla Genus: Phylloderma Pale-faced bat, Phylloderma stenops LR/lc Genus: Phyllostomus Pale spear-nosed bat, Phyllostomus discolor Lesser spear-nosed bat, Phyllostomus elongatus Greater spear-nosed bat, Phyllostomus hastatus Guianan spear-nosed bat, Phyllostomus latifolius Genus: Tonatia Greater round-eared bat, Tonatia bidens Stripe-headed round-eared bat, Tonatia saurophila LR/lc Genus: Trachops Fringe-lipped bat, Trachops cirrhosus Genus: Trinycteris Niceforo's big-eared bat, Trinycteris nicefori Genus: Vampyrum Spectral bat, Vampyrum spectrum Subfamily: Stenodermatinae Genus: Artibeus Brown fruit-eating bat, Artibeus concolor Fringed fruit-eating bat, Artibeus fimbriatus Great fruit-eating bat, Artibeus lituratus Dark fruit-eating bat, Artibeus obscurus Flat-faced fruit-eating bat, Artibeus planirostris LR/lc Genus: Chiroderma Brazilian big-eyed bat, Chiroderma doriae Salvin's big-eyed bat, Chiroderma salvini LR/lc Little big-eyed bat, Chiroderma trinitatum Hairy big-eyed bat, Chiroderma villosum LR/lc Vizotto's big-eyed bat, Chiroderma vizottoi LR/lc Genus: Dermanura Andersen's fruit-eating bat, Dermanura anderseni Bogota fruit-eating bat, Dermanura bogotensis Gervais's fruit-eating bat, Dermanura cinerea Gnome fruit-eating bat, Artibeus gnoma Genus: Mesophylla MacConnell's bat, Mesophylla macconnelli Genus: Platyrrhinus Slender broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus angustirostris Eldorado broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus aurarius Short-headed broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus brachycephalus Brown-bellied broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus fusciventris Heller's broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus helleri Incan broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus incarum Buffy broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus infuscus White-lined broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus lineatus Recife broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus recifinus Genus: Pygoderma Ipanema bat, Pygoderma bilabiatum Genus: Sphaeronycteris Visored bat, Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum Genus: Sturnira Little yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira lilium LR/lc Greater yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira magna Tilda's yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira tildae Genus: Uroderma Tent-making bat, Uroderma bilobatum LR/lc Brown tent-making bat, Uroderma magnirostrum LR/lc Genus: Vampyressa Southern little yellow-eared bat, Vampyressa pusilla Northern little yellow-eared bat, Vampyressa thyone Genus: Vampyriscus Bidentate yellow-eared bat, Vampyriscus bidens Brock's yellow-eared bat, Vampyriscus brocki Genus: Vampyrodes Great stripe-faced bat, Vampyrodes caraccioli Family: Mormoopidae Genus: Pteronotus Big naked-backed bat, Pteronotus gymnonotus LR/lc Parnell's mustached bat, Pteronotus parnellii LR/lc Wagner's mustached bat, Pteronotus personatus Family: Noctilionidae Genus: Noctilio Lesser bulldog bat, Noctilio albiventris Greater bulldog bat, Noctilio leporinus Family: Furipteridae Genus: Furipterus Thumbless bat, Furipterus horrens Family: Thyropteridae Genus: Thyroptera De Vivo's disk-winged bat, Thyroptera devivoi Peters's disk-winged bat, Thyroptera discifera LaVal's disk-winged bat, Thyroptera lavali