The Eyemouth disaster was a severe European windstorm that struck the south-eastern coast of Scotland on 14 October 1881. One hundred and eighty-nine fishermen, most of whom were from Eyemouth, were drowned. Many citizens of Eyemouth call the day Black Friday.
Disaster
Following a period of poor weather, the morning of 14 October was calm. Though the storm was predicted (as the barometric pressure was very low), the fishing fleets put to sea through economic necessity.The Eyemouth Disaster - Historic ScotlandEyemouth Museum - Fishing Disaster
Many of the fishing boats were either capsized, or wrecked against the coastline.Scottish Archives for Schools - The Eyemouth Fishing Disaster, 1881 John Doull, from the Fishery Office in Eyemouth, hypothesized that there were so many casualties because many ships could not see the land due to the storm, and they sailed too close to land and thus were smashed against the rocks without being able to safely make it back out to sea or into the port. Additionally, many of the ships did not have their ballast stowed properly, which exacerbated damage or sunk ships due to it being thrown around the hold during the storm.
Casualties
Eyemouth - 129 Burnmouth - 24 Newhaven - 17Edinburgh Evening News Oct15,1881 Cove - 11 Fisherrow - 7 Coldingham Shore - 3 Some boats that had not capsized were wrecked on the Hurkar Rocks. Many houses were also destroyed. Two days later, the Ariel Gazelle turned up in Eyemouth, having braved the storm instead of fleeing.
Aftermath
A donation-led relief fund was established to provide financial security to families who had lost members to the storm. The response was significant, bringing in over £50,000 (£ in 2021).New Research Paper 2005 template Widows could collect five shillings a week unless they remarried, and an additional two shillings and sixpence for each child currently attending school.
The disaster was the subject of a contemporary oil on canvas painting by Scottish artist J. Michael Brown.
See also Moray Firth fishing disaster
Notes
References Peter Aitchison. Children of the Sea: The Story of the People of Eyemouth. Tuckwell Press Ltd, 2001.
Further reading "Black Friday" by Peter Aitchison {Birlinn Press, 2006} "The Boy Who Came Ashore" by Alan Gay (Dreadful Night Press, 2006)
External links The Eyemouth Disaster - Black Friday The Eyemouth Disaster of 1881 Listing of Individuals who Perished When the seas swallowed Scotland's fishermen The 1881 disaster memorials