List of Japanese military attachés in foreign service
Austria-Hungary
Shizuo Matsuoka: military attaché, Austria-Hungary, September 1909 Hisaichi Terauchi: assistant military attaché, Austria-Hungary, December 1911 Tomoyuki Yamashita: military attaché (Lt. Col.), Austria—Hungary, February 1927
Belgium
Yuitsu Tsuchihashi: military attaché, France — and, concurrently, Belgium, August 1937
Canada
Tadamichi Kuribayashi: military attaché, Canada, April 1930
China Fukushima Yasumasa: military attaché, China, 1882–1884 Shigeru Honjō: military attaché, China, 1907–1908 Seiichi Kita: resident officer, China, February 1921, Resident Officer, China, May 1927 Kenji Doihara: official duty, China, December 1922 Teiichi Suzuki: assistant military attaché, China, December 1929 Yuitsu Tsuchihashi: concurrently military attaché, China, December 1940. Spelled as "Tsuchiachi" in French literature.
Denmark
Tetsuzan Nagata: language officer, Denmark, June 1915;
England
Masaharu Homma: resident officer, also military student, England, August 1918 (and served as observer with British forces in France) Hitoshi Imamura: assistant military attaché, England, October 1918 Ando Rikichi: resident officer, England, January 1919 Shizuichi Tanaka: resident officer, England, March 1919 Seiichi Kita: resident officer, England, September 1927 Shigenori Kuroda: resident officer, England, January 1922
France Ishimoto Shinroku: resident officer, 1879 to 1882, also studying at St. Cyr military academy Terauchi Masatake: resident officer, 1883 to 1886, also studying at St. Cyr military academy Yoshitoshi Tokugawa: military attaché, France, 1909–1910, obtained pilot's licence from Aéro-Club de France Keisuke Fujie: assistant military attaché, France, August 1917 Naruhiko Higashikuni: resident officer, France, studying military tactics, April 1920 Mineichi Koga: resident officer, France, 1920–1922; naval attaché France, 1926–1928 Kanji Nishihara: resident officer, France, February 1926 Korechika Anami: official duty, France, August 1927 Ishiro Shichida: resident officer, France, May 1931 Takushiro Hattori: resident officer, France, June 1934; observer, Italo-Ethiopian War, October 1935 Yuitsu Tsuchihashi: military attaché, France—and, concurrently, Belgium, August 1937. Spelled as "Tsuchiachi" in French.
Germany Fukushima Yasumasa: military attaché, Germany, 1887–1892 Toshizō Nishio: language officer, Germany, August 1912 Tetsuzan Nagata: language officer, Germany, October 1913 Hideki Tōjō: official duty, Germany, July 1921; Yoshio Kozuki: language officer, Germany, November 1921 Heitarō Kimura: resident officer, Germany, January 1922 Kenzo Kitano: resident officer, Germany, September 1922 Kanji Ishiwara: language officer, Germany, July 1922 Takeo Yasuda: resident officer, Germany, January 1922; Mitsuo Nakazawa: resident officer, Germany, July 1923; Sōsaku Suzuki: resident officer, Germany, March 1923 Isamu Yokoyama: resident officer, Germany (Major), August 1924 Takuma Shimoyama: resident officer, Germany, March 1925 Masakazu Kawabe: military attaché Germany, August 1929 Kioji Tominaga: official duty, Germany, December 1935 Hiroshi Ōshima: stationed in Berlin as military attaché working for alliance between Japan and Nazi Germany (Anti-Comintern Pact, 1937; Tripartite Alliance, 1940); Ambassador to Germany, 1940 Kitsuju Ayabe: member, Military Observer Mission to Germany and Italy (under LtGen Yamashita), December 1940-July 1941
India
Gen Sugiyama: military attaché India, February 1915 Masaharu Homma: resident officer, India, August 1922 Hitoshi Imamura: resident officer, India, April 1927 Rikichi Andō: military attaché, India, August 1925 Hideyoshi Obata: resident officer, India, November 1927 Shigenori Kuroda: military attaché, India, August 1935
Italy Ishimoto Shinroku: resident officer, 1883 to 1887 Shigetarō Shimada: assistant naval attaché Italy, August 1936; naval attaché, same country, December 1917
Manchukuo
Otosaburo Yano: Japanese military attaché, Hsinking, Manchukuo Tadashi Hanaya: (head) Japanese military attaché, Hsinking, Manchukuo Shun Akifusa: (head) Harbin military attaché mission, Manchukuo
Mexico
Shizuichi Tanaka: military attaché, Mexico, May 1926
Philippines
Gen Sugiyama: official duty, Philippines, February 1912 Masafumi Yamauchi: official tor to the Philippines, 1934–1935
Poland
Kiichiro Higuchi: military attaché, Japanese legation, Poland, May 1925 Harukichi Hyakutake: resident officer, Poland, December 1925 Okikatsu Arao: assistant military attaché, Poland, March 1936 Masataka Yamawaki: military attaché to Warsaw, 1934–1935
Singapore
Gen Sugiyama: official duty, Singapore, October 1912
Soviet Union
Sadao Araki: language officer, Russia, November 1909; Military Attaché, Russia, May 1913 Mitsumasa Yonai: resident naval officer, Russia, 1915 Kioji Tominaga: assistant military attaché, USSR, December 1928 Torashirō Kawabe: resident officer, Riga, Latvia (studying Soviet military affairs), January 1926, Military Attaché, U.S.S.R., February 1932 April 1934 Saburo Hayashi: served in the Soviet Union during 1938 as a language officer, later in 1939 was Assistant Military Attaché in Moscow. Michitake Yamaoka: military attaché to the Soviet Union (1940–1943)
Sweden
Tetsuzan Nagata: military attaché, Sweden, June 1921
Switzerland
Masakazu Kawabe: resident officer, Switzerland, April 1918 Hideki Tōjō: official duty, Switzerland, August 1919 Yoshijirō Umezu: military attaché, Switzerland, November 1919 Kioji Tominaga: member, Japanese Delegation to General Disarmament Conference, Geneva, December 1931 Kanji Ishiwara: member, Japanese Delegation to Geneva Conference, October 1932 Keisuke Fujie: member of Japanese Delegation, General Disarmament Conference, Geneva, August 1931
Turkey
Jo Iimura: military attaché, Turkey, January 1930; Kingoro Hashimoto: attaché duty, Japanese Embassy, Turkey
United States Osami Nagano: military attaché, United States, 1920–1923 Hisakazu Tanaka: language officer, United States, 1923–1924 Isoroku Yamamoto: military attaché, United States, 1925–1928 Tadamichi Kuribayashi: resident officer, United States, September 1927 Kumaichi Teramoto: assistant military attaché, United States, December 1928 Shizuichi Tanaka: military attaché, United States, May 1932 Hiromichi Yahara: military attaché, United States, 1933–1934 Joichiro Sanada: official duty, United States, September 1936-September 1937 Hideo Iwakuro: special duty, United States, 1941
Military attaches in Diplomatic missions Concurrent Mission to Europe Shizuo Yokoyama: official duty, Europe, September 1934 Joichiro Sanada: official duty, Europe, September 1936-September 1937 Hitoshi Imamura: official duty, Europe, August 1920 Shunroku Hata: official duty, Europe, December Kenji Doihara: official duty, Europe, May 1921 Rikichi Andō: official duty, Europe, September 1921
Assistant to Peace Conference February 1919 Jo Iimura: member, Plenipotentiary's Suite, Peace Conference, February 1919 Shunroku Hata: member, Plenipotentiary's Suite, Peace Conference, February 1919
Assistant to Mission to League of Nations,1920-23 Heisuke Yanagawa: member of the Japanese Military Mission to League of Nations during 1920-23 period
Washington Naval Conference, 1921-1922 Katō Tomosaburō: Navy minister and plenipotentiary Osami Nagano: military attaché, United States, 1920–1923
Assistant to London Conference 1929-May 30 Torashirō Kawabe: member, Japanese delegation, London Conference, 1929-May 1930 Heitarō Kimura: member, Japanese delegation, London Conference, 1929-May 1930
Assistant to General Disarmament Conference, Geneva 1931-32 Keisuke Fujie: member of Japanese delegation, General Disarmament Conference, Geneva, August 1931 Kioji Tominaga: member, Japanese delegation to General Disarmament Conference, Geneva, December 1931 Kanji Ishiwara: member, Japanese delegation to Geneva Conference, October 1932
Assistant to Ho-Umezu Agreement June 1935 Yoshihiro Umezu: commanding general, China Garrison Army, March 1934 (Ho-Umezu Agreement, June 1935);
Member in Yamashita s Mission to Europe(Germany and Italy), December 1940-July 1941 Kitsuju Ayabe: member, military observer Lt. Gen. Yamashita's diplomatic mission to Germany and Italy in December 1940 - July 1941
Special Military Attaché in Germany Kazuo Otani: special military Attaché in Germany, official representative for buying armaments, also heavy supporter and liaison with the Nazis
Army attaché in Matsuoka's mission to Europe and Russia Yatsuji Nagai: Army attaché in Matsuoka's Diplomatic Mission to Europe and Russia
Army diplomatic support to Washington diplomatic mission Hideo Iwakuro: Army foreign affairs officer, provided diplomatic support to the Washington mission
Special aide to Nomura Mission to Washington Kaname Wakasugi: special aide to Nomura Mission to Washington
References Izao (2011), pp.157-163.
Works cited