A fertility deity is a god or goddess associated with fertility, sex, pregnancy, childbirth, and crops. In some cases these deities are directly associated with these experiences; in others they are more abstract symbols. Fertility rites may accompany their worship. The following is a list of fertility deities.
African Ala, Igbo goddess of fertility Asase Ya, Ashanti earth goddess of fertility Deng, Dinka sky god of rain and fertility Nomkhubulwane, Zulu goddess of fertility, rainbows, agriculture and bees Orie, Ohafia goddess of fertility
Ancient Egyptian
Amun, creator-god, associated with fertility Bastet, cat goddess sometimes associated with fertility Hathor, goddess of music, beauty, love, sexuality and fertility Heqet, frog-goddess of fertility Heryshaf, god of creation and fertility Isis, goddess of motherhood, magic and fertility Knum, Creator of the human body, source of the Nile, associated with fertility/ creation of life Mesenet, goddess of childbirth Min, god of fertility and reproduction Osiris, god of the afterlife, the dead, and the underworld agency that granted all life, including sprouting vegetation and the fertile flooding of the Nile River Renenutet, goddess of the true name, the harvest and fertile fields Sobek, god of the river, warfare and fertility Sopdet, goddess of the fertility of the soil Tawaret, goddess of fertility and childbirth Tefnut, goddess of water and fertility
Yoruba Oshun (known as Ochún or Oxúm in Latin America) also spelled Ọṣun, is an orisha, a spirit, a deity, or a goddess that reflects one of the manifestations of the Ọlọrun in the Yoruba religion. She is one of the most popular and venerated orishas. Oshun is the deity of the river and fresh water, luxury and pleasure, sexuality and fertility, and beauty and love. She is connected to destiny and divination. Eshu Oya
North and South American Atahensic, Iroquois goddess associated with marriage, childbirth, and feminine endeavors Kokopelli, Hopi trickster god associated with fertility, childbirth and agriculture Hanhepi Wi, Lakota goddess associated with the moon, motherhood, family and femininity
Aztec Chimalma, goddess of fertility, life, death, and rebirth. Tonacatecuhtli, god of sustenance. Tonacacihuatl, goddess of sustenance. Tonantzin Coatlicue, goddess of fertility, life, death, and rebirth. Xochipilli, god of love, art, games, beauty, dance, flowers, maize, fertility, and song. Xochiquetzal, goddess of fertility, beauty, female sexual power, protection of young mothers, pregnancy, childbirth, and women's crafts. Quetzalcoatl, god of fertility, wind, water, and chocolate.
Inca Mama Ocllo, mother goddess, associated with fertility Sara Mama, goddess of grain Pachamama, fertility goddess who presides over planting and harvesting and causes earthquakes
Inuit Akna, goddess of fertility and childbirth Pukkeenegak, goddess of children, pregnancy, childbirth and the making of clothes
Mayan Akna, goddess of motherhood and childbirth Goddess I, goddess of eroticism, female fertility, and marriage Ixchel, jaguar goddess of midwifery and medicine Maya maize god, gods of maize Maximón, a Mayan god and modern folk saint associated with crops, death, and fertility and Sight
Muiscan Chaquén, god of sports and fertility in the religion of the Muisca
Taíno Atabey (goddess), mother goddess of fresh waters and fertility (of people). Yúcahu, masculine spirit of fertility (of crops such as Yucca) along with his mother Atabey who was his feminine counterpart.
Vodou Ayida Wedo, loa of fertility, rainbows and snakes Gede, family of spirits that embody the powers of death and fertility
Asian Arabian Attar (god)
Armenian Anahit, goddess of fertility, healing, wisdom, and water Aramazd, generous king and creator god of fertility, rain, and abundance
Canaanite Hadad, storm (and thus rain) god responsible for crops growing, also known as Adad and Ba'al Nikkal, goddess of fruits Tanit, consort of Baʿal Hammon at Carthage
Chinese Chū Shèng Niángniáng, goddess of fertility Jiutian Xuannü, a fertility goddess as well as a deity of war and long life Yúnxiāo Niángniáng, goddess of childbirth Qióngxiāo Niángniáng, goddess of childbirth Bìxiāo Niángniáng, goddess of childbirth Chén Jìnggū, goddess of childbirth Berthier, Brigitte. (2008) The Lady of Linshu: A Chinese female cult. California : Stanford University Press.
Filipino
Lakapati: the hermaphrodite Tagalog deity and protector of sown fields, sufficient field waters, and abundant fish catch;San Buenaventura, P. (1613). Vocabulario de Lengua Tagala. a major fertility deity;Scott, W. H. (1994). Barangay: Sixteenth-century Philippine Culture and Society. Ateneo University Press. deity of vagrants and waifs;Pardo, F. (1686–1688). Carte [...] sobre la idolatria de los naturales de la provincia de Zambales, y de los del pueblo de Santo Tomas y otros cicunvecinos [...]. Sevilla, Spain: Archivo de la Indias. a patron of cultivated lands and husbandryPlasencia, J. (1589). Relacion de las Costumbres de Los Tagalos. Ikapati: the Sambal goddess of cultivated land and fertilityJocano, F. L. (1969). Philippine Mythology. Quezon City: Capitol Publishing House Inc. Lakan-bakod: the Tagalog god of the fruits of the earth who dwells in certain plants;Demetrio, F. R., Cordero-Fernando, G., & Zialcita, F. N. (1991). The Soul Book. Quezon City: GCF Books. the god of crops;Jocano, F. L. (1969). Philippine Mythology. Quezon City: Capitol Publishing House Inc. the god of rice whose hollow statues have gilded eyes, teeth, and genitals; food and wine are introduced to his mouth to secure a good crop;Souza, G. B., Turley, J. S. (2016). The Boxer Codex: Transcription and Translation of an Illustrated Late Sixteenth-century Spanish Manuscript Concerning the Geography, Ethnography and History of the Pacific, South-East Asia and East Asia. Brill. the protector of fencesPotet, J. P. G. (2017). Ancient Beliefs and Customs of the Tagalogs. Morrisville, North Carolina: Lulu Press. Kukarog: the Bicolano giant who was swept by waters into the sea, where his genital can be seen as a rock jutting from the ocean Ibabasag: the Bukidnon goddess of pregnant womenJocano, F. L. (1969). Philippine Mythology. Quezon City: Capitol Publishing House Inc.
Vietnamese Bà mụ, consisting of twelve goddesses responsible for creating each part of the child
Hittite/Hurrian Hutellurra, Irsirra, and Tawara, goddesses of midwifery and nursing children Shaushka, goddess of fertility, war, and healing
Indian
Banka-Mundi, goddess of the hunt and fertility Bhavani, goddess of fertility Bhumi, goddess of the earth and associated with fertility Lajja Gauri, goddess associated with abundance and fertility Lakshmi, goddess of prosperity, wealth, fortune, and fertility Manasa, snake goddess associated with fertility and prosperity Matrikas, a group of 7-16 goddesses who are associated with fertility and motherly power. Parvati, goddess of the Himalayan Mountains, fertility, beauty, food and power Prithvi Vedic-goddess of the earth and associated with fertility Rankini, goddess of protection, strength and fertility Sinivali, goddess associated with fecundity and easy birth Yogamaya, goddess of fertility and maya (illusion) Saraswati, Vedic-goddess of knowledge, music, arts, wealth, abundance and fertility Mariamman, goddess of rain, fertility and cure for small pox
Iranian Anahita or Anahit, the divinity of "the Waters" and hence associated with fertility, healing, and wisdom Spenta Armaiti or Sandaramet, female divinity associated with earth and Mother Nature Ashi: a divinity of fertility and fortune
Luvian
Tarḫunz, a weather god who was described as the king of the heavens. Maliya, a river goddess associated with gardens and grain. Arma, a lunar god associated with the months of pregnancy, who was believed to protect women and help them give birth. Kamrušepa, a divine midwife worshipped by both the Luvians and the Hittites, who, in Hittite mythology, was described to instruct the other gods on how to retrieve the vegetation god Telipinu after an initial attempt fails.
Phoenician Asherah, mother goddess of nature, groves & trees (exiled by Hezekiah)
Phrygian
Atys, a fertility and vegetation god whose mythological self-castration, death, and rebirth symbolised the seasonal cycle. He was the consort of Matar Kubileya. Matar Kubileya, a mother goddess associated with mountains (thus, her name meaning 'mountain mother'), the wild, and fertility, who was typically depicted seated on a throne flanked by felines—most commonly, lions. In Hellenic polytheism, she was often identified with Rhea and referred to as "Cybele". She was worshipped in Rome as "Magna Mater".
Japanese Dosojin, Minor gods of boundaries, fertility, health and protection. Kichijōten, goddess of happiness, fertility, and beauty Kuebiko, god of agriculture and knowledge Inari Ōkami, deity of fertility, rice, agriculture, foxes, and industry; this deity is of ambiguous gender and may be portrayed as male, female, or ambiguous Shinda, fertility god of the Ainu people
Mesopotamian Asherah, Ancient semitic goddess of motherhood and fertility Ashratum, the wife of Amurru. Ašratum (glorified one), a cognate of Athirat Dumuzid/Tammuz, Mesopotamian dying-&-rising god, Dumuzid-sipad (the Shepherd), husband of Inanna Gatumdag, Sumerian fertility goddess and tutelary mother goddess of Lagash Nanshe, Sumerian goddess of social justice, prophecy, fertility, and fishing Sharra Itu, Identified with Asratum, later Ašrat-aḫītu (Ašratum the foreigner) or (the other Ašratum) Inanna/Ishtar, Mesopotamian goddess of love, beauty, sex, desire, fertility, war, justice, and political power. Her symbols were lions, doves & the 8-pointed star, wife of Dumuzid
Turco-Mongol Umay, goddess of fertility and reproduction, believed to have saved two children (one boy and one girl) from a massacre. She is believed to have offered protection and guidance to the children, who managed to raise the Turkic communities. In the form of a deer, she is accepted by the Turks to be the protective power of the race, and therefore she is called in many texts as "Mother Umay".
European Albanian Prende, goddess of love, beauty and fertility
Baltic Laima, goddess of luck and fate, associated with childbirth, pregnancy, marriage, and death Zemes māte, goddess of the earth, associated with fertility
Celtic Brigid, Irish goddess associated with fertility, spring, healing, smithing, and poetry Cernunnos, horned god associated with the fertility of animals and nature Damara, fertility goddess worshiped in Britain Damona, Gaulish fertility goddess Epona, goddess of horses, mules, donkeys, and the fertility of these animals Hooded Spirits, a group of deities theorised to be fertility spirits Nantosuelta, goddess of nature, the earth, fire, and fertility Onuava, goddess of fertility Rosmerta, Gallo-Roman goddess of fertility and abundance
Etruscan Fufluns, god of plant life, happiness, health, and growth in all things, equivalent to the Greek Dionysus Thesan, goddess of the dawn, associated with the generation of life Turan, goddess of love, fertility and vitality
Finno-Ugric Äkräs, Finnish god of fertility Rauni or Raun, Finnish-Estonian goddess of fertility Peko or Pellon-Pekko, Karelian-Seto god of fertility Metsik, West Estonian spirit of fertility Norovava, Mordovian goddess of fertility Šun-Šočõnava, Mari goddess of fertility and birth Mu-Kyldyśin, Udmurt god of fertility and earth Zarni-Ań, Komi goddess of fertility, represented by a golden woman Babba or Aranyanya, Hungarian goddess fertility, represented by a golden woman Kalteš-Ekwa, Ob-Ugric goddess of fertility, represented by a golden woman
Germanic Ēostre, spring and fertility goddess; in earlier times probably a dawn goddess as her name is cognate to Eos Freyr, god associated with peace, marriages, rain, sunshine, and fertility, both of the land and people