List of northernmost items

This is a list of various northernmost things on Earth.

Cities and settlements

CategoryPlaceLatitude/longitudeCapital (of an independent state) Reykjavík, IcelandCapital (of an autonomous territory) Nuuk, GreenlandNon-permanent settlement of any size Camp Barneo (may vary as it changes every summer)Permanent settlement of any size Alert, Nunavut (CFS Alert), Canada ("Twice a year, the military resupply Alert, the world's northernmost settlement.")Non-active public settlement (ghost town) Wandel Dal Settlements, GreenlandBjarne Grønnow, Jens Fog Jensen: The Northernmost Ruins of the Globe. Eigil Knuth’s Archaeological Investigations in Peary Land and Adjacent Areas of High Arctic Greenland (= Man & Society. Vol. 29). Museum Tusculanums Forlag, Københavns Universitet, Copenhagen 2003, pp. 56-119Active public settlement Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, NorwayVillage inhabited by native people Siorapaluk, GreenlandMedieval town Vágar, Austvågøy, Lofoten, NorwayCity > 1,000 people Longyearbyen, Svalbard, Norway ("this remote Arctic settlement — which bills itself as the northernmost town in the world ... The 2,000 inhabitants of Longyearbyen...")City > 2,500 people Khatanga, Russia City > 4,000 people Tiksi, RussiaCity > 4,500 people Utqiagvik, Alaska, United StatesCity > 5,000 people Hammerfest, NorwayCity > 10,000 peopleCity > 25,000 people Tromsø, NorwayCity > 50,000 people Norilsk, Russia ("Norilsk, in Siberia, is the northernmost city on the planet, and one of only two cities, the other being Yakutsk, in the permafrost zone inside the Arctic Circle.")Jorma Mänty, & Norman Pressman. Cities designed for winter p.295 (1988) () ("Norilsk, the northernmost city in the world of over 100000 population")City > 100,000 peopleCity > 250,000 people Murmansk, Russia City > 300,000 people Arkhangelsk, Russia City > 350,000 people Yakutsk, Russia City > 375,000 people Surgut, Russia City > 500,000 people Helsinki, Finland City > 1,000,000 people Saint Petersburg, Russia City > 2,500,000 peopleCity > 5,000,000 peopleCity > 10,000,000 peopleMetropolitan area > 20,000,000 peopleMoscow, RussiaMetropolitan area > 25,000,000 people Tokyo, Japan

Geography CategoryPlaceLatitude/longitudeLakeKaffeklubben Sø, GreenlandPondLake North Pole, North Pole (on ice)Permanent island Kaffeklubben Island, Greenland ("Cartographers in north Greenland have found that Kaffeklubben Island is farther north than any previously known point of land.")Non-permanent islandQeqertaq Avannarleq, GreenlandLake islandGatter Island, Lake Hazen, CanadaArchipelagoArctic Archipelago, Canada (northernmost point, Cape Columbia, Ellesmere Island)SeaLincoln Sea, Greenland and Canada (northernmost point)Bay Constable Bay, GreenlandMountain range Roosevelt Range, Greenland2002 American Alpine Journal, p.286National park Northeast Greenland National Park, Greenland (northernmost point)Continental mainland Cape Chelyuskin, Taymyr Peninsula, Krasnoyarsk Krai, RussiaActive volcano Beerenberg, Jan Mayen, NorwayLopes, Rosaly. The Volcano Adventure Guide p.14 (Cambridge University Press 2005) ()Coral reef Korallen, Finnmark, NorwayLocation with all monthlyaverage temperatures above freezing Bø Municipality, Nordland, NorwayCrater lake Lake Lappajärvi, Lappajärvi, FinlandBeach of southern type Farstadsanden, Hustadvika Municipality, Norway Active sand dunes Great Kobuk Sand Dunes, Alaska, United StatesCoral atoll Kure Atoll, Hawaii, United StatesHarrison, Craig S. Seabirds of Hawaii: Natural History and Conservation p.18 (Cornell University Press 1990) ()Tropical seaRed Sea

Nature

Wild animals AnimalPlaceLatitude/longitudeFresh water fish: arctic charArctic OceanApprox. 82°NCoral reefOff the north coast of NorwayAmphibian: Siberian wood frogNorthern SiberiaApprox. 71°NBat colony (naturally occurring)Rundhaug, Målselv Municipality (Troms), NorwayReptile: viviparous lizardScandinavia and RussiaApprox. 68°NSnake: European adderArctic CircleApprox. 66°34′NScorpion: Northern scorpionRed Deer County, Alberta, CanadaTortoise: Horsfield tortoiseSouthern KazakhstanApprox. 48°67′NNon-human primate colonyShimokita Peninsula, Honshu, JapanParrot: Alexandrine parakeetArea of Jalalabad, AfghanistanPenguin: Galapagos penguinGalápagos Islands, Ecuador

Plants These lists only contain naturally occurring plants and trees, excluding individuals planted by humans.

General PlantPlaceLatitude/longitudeFlowerArctic Poppy on Kaffeklubben IslandForestLukunsky grove of Dahurian larch, south from Khatanga River, Krasnoyarsk Krai, RussiaTemperate rainforestPrince William Sound, Alaska, United StatesPalms (European fan palm Chamaerops humilis)Nice, Mediterranean coast of southern FrancePapyrus swampHula Valley, IsraelLowland tropical rainforestNamdapha National Park, India

Shrubs PlantPlaceLatitude/longitudeWillow (Arctic willow Salix arctica)Reaches the northern limits of land in Greenland

Trees

PlantPlaceLatitude/longitudeLarch (Dahurian larch Larix gmelinii)About westward of Khatanga River outfall, Taymyr Peninsula, Siberia, Russia.This location is that of the northernmost tree of any kind (this is a creeping form of Dahurian larch)

Education CategoryPlaceLatitude/longitudeKindergartenKullungen barnehage and Polarflokken barnehage, Longyearbyen, Svalbard, Norway (coordinates of Longyearbyen)Primary/secondary schoolLongyearbyen School, Longyearbyen, Svalbard, NorwayHigher education instituteUniversity Centre in Svalbard,UNIS website Longyearbyen, Svalbard, NorwayAgricultural schoolTana videregående skole, Tana Municipality, NorwayMontessori school Tana Montessoriskole, Tana Municipality, Norway Folk high school Svalbard Folkehøgskole,https://svalbardfolkehogskole.no/ website Longyearbyen, Svalbard, NorwayInternational BaccalaureateKirkenes, NorwayMusic conservatoryConservatory of Tromsø, Tromsø, NorwayArt schoolKarasjok, NorwayUniversityUniversity of Tromsø, (regarding Tromsø, "this small Norwegian city has the most northerly university in the world, the most northerly cathedral and the most northerly botanical gardens.") Tromsø, NorwayGardening schoolRå videregående skole, Borkenes, NorwayCatholic schoolSt. Eystein skole, Bodø, Norway (Primary school) Monroe Catholic High School, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States (High school)Architecture school University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandSchool for the deafKristinaskolan School for the Deaf, Härnösand, Sweden

Science and technology CategoryPlaceLatitude/longitudeScientific laboratoryCamp Barneo, Russian arctic laboratoryFloating relatively close to the North PoleObservatoryArctic Geodetic Earth Observatory, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, NorwaySewage farmKings Bay, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, NorwayLTE cell towerLongyearbyen, Svalbard, NorwayOil platformGoliat, Arctic OceanWind farmTiksi, Yakutia, RussiaLNG plantMelkøya, Hammerfest, NorwayHigh voltage power lineBalsfjord-Hammerfest, NorwayPlanetariumNorthern Light Planetarium, Tromsø, Troms, NorwayWeb conferencingTag-IT, Tromsø, Norway Astronomical ObservatorySkibotn Observatory, Storfjord Municipality, NorwaySmelteryFinnfjord AS, Finnsnes, NorwayPermanent launch facility for sounding rockets & scientific balloonsAndøy Municipality, NorwayRadioactive waste plantMurmansk, RussiaSolar power stationGrise Fiord, CanadaCar testing centerWhite Hell, Saariselkä, Inari, Finland Nuclear Power Plant (mobile)Akademik Lomonosov, Pevek harbor, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, RussiaSpaceportEsrange Space Center, Jukkasjärvi, Kiruna, SwedenLaser cutting machineLKAB Mekaniska, Kiruna, Sweden Biogas plantAmmattiopisto Lappia, Tervola, FinlandCrusherKajaanin Romu, Kajaani, FinlandPsycholinguistics and neurolinguistics laboratory University Hospital of Trondheim, Trondheim, Norway

Historical sites and archaeological findings

CategoryPlaceLatitude/longitudeConfirmed archaeological site of Neolithic Stone AgeBliss Bay site, Peary Land, Greenland, DenmarkKnown shipwreckBreadalbane, near Beechey Island, Nunavut, CanadaArchaeological site of Paleolithic Stone AgeBerelekh site, Siberia, RussiaFortressVardøhus Fortress, Vardø, NorwayDiscovered medieval coinAlta, Norway Bronze Age archaeological siteSandvika, , Kvaløya, Tromsø Municipality, NorwayDiscovered Byzantine coinLjønes, Bodø Municipality, NorwayRunestone (remains near original location)Frösö Runestone, Frösö, SwedenRunestone (original site, not there anymore)Kingittorsuaq Runestone, Kingittorsuaq Island, GreenlandMedieval stone castleOlavinlinna, Savonlinna, FinlandCave paintingKapova Cave, Burzyansky District, Bashkortostan, RussiaDiscovered megalithic coffinHylligrava, Hyllibråten garden, Indre Østfold Municipality, NorwayWindmillsVillage Kimzha, Mezen, Arkhangelsk Region, Russia

Recreation General CategoryPlaceLatitude/longitudeCircusSirkus Svalnardo, Longyearbyen, Svalbard, NorwayNaturist beachKjølnes, Berlevåg Municipality, NorwayEscape roomArctic Escape, Tromsø, Troms, Norway Water amusement parkNorilsk, RussiaNatural playgroundFabeløya Natural Playground, Hamnvik, NorwayTheme parkAngry Birds Park, Saariselkä, Inari, FinlandGeocaching Mega-event Midnight Sun Geocaching, Saariselkä, Inari, Finland Hot air balloon festivalArctic Balloon Adventure, Gällivare, SwedenTravelling funfairHugos Tivoli, Levanger and Mo i Rana, Norway Beach resort/spa hotel (opened 1886 or 1888; closed 1918)Nordanskär Island, Kalix, SwedenPermanent roller coasterAlpin Coaster, Namsskogan Familiepark, Trones, NorwayAmusement parkPowerPark, Alahärmä, Kauhava, Finland

Culture and music