Arbonne (; ; ) is a commune in French Basque Country, a region of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of southwestern France.
Geography Arbonne is located some 6 km south of Biarritz and 3 km east of Bidart. It is part of the Urban area of Bayonne and is located in the former province of Labourd. Access to the commune is by road D255 from Biarritz in the north passing through the village and continuing south to Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle. The D655 branches off the D255 in the south of the commune and goes to Ahetze. The A63 autoroute passes through the northern tip of the commune but has no access from the commune. In the south of the commune is the hamlet of Le Hameau d'Arbonne. The rest of the commune is mainly farmland with patches of forest especially in the north.
Located in the drainage basin of the Adour, the commune is traversed by the Uhabia, a small coastal river that flows into the ocean at Bidart, and its tributaries: the Zirikolatzeko erreka and the Ruisseau d'Argelos.
The Ruisseau de Pemartin also flows through the commune and there is an extensive network of streams throughout the commune.Google Maps
Places and Hamlets
Aguerrea Alhorga Allexarrea Arditegia Arretxea Berrueta Cassoua Diharzenea Etchardia Guichenea Gure Egoitza le Hameau d'Arbonne Harriague Hegoasea Katalienea Kuttuenea Larreburua Magnienea Menta Mestelan Beherea Mestelania Moleresia Mundustenea Pemartikoborda Pemartin Perukain La Place le Pouy Saskoenea Tribulenea Xantxienea Xokobia Ziburria Ziburriako Errota
Toponymy The commune name in Basque is Arbona.Euskaltzaindia - Academy of the Basque language (Basque)
Brigitte Jobbé-Duval indicated that 'Arbona meant "place of tree stumps".
The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.
Name Spelling Date Source Page Origin Description Arbonne Narbona 1186 Raymond Bayonne Village Narbone 1349 Orpustan Alhorgako Erreka L'Alhorga 1863 Raymond A tributary of the Uhabia flowing from Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle and Ahetze Berrueta Berhouetta 1863 Raymond Farm Harriague Harriague 1863 Raymond Hamlet Hurmalague Hurmalague 1863 Raymond Hamlet Menta Menta 1198 Raymond Bayonne Hamlet Mente 1523 Raymond Chapter Mestelan Beherea Mestelan 1760 Raymond Collations Farm (a prebend of this name was present in the Arbonne church) Mesthelan 1863 Raymond Pemartin Pémartin 1863 Raymond Farm Perukain Perucam 13th century Raymond Bayonne Hamlet Pérucain 1863 Raymond La Place La Place 1863 Raymond Hamlet Le Pouy la chapelle de Pouy près Bayonne 1751 Raymond Intendance Farm Pouy 1863 Raymond
Sources: Raymond: Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, 1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011
Origins: Bayonne: Cartulary of Bayonne or Livre d'Or (Book of Gold)Manuscript from the 14th century in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques Collations: Collations of the Diocese of BayonneManuscripts from the 17th and 18th centuries in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques Chapter: Titles of the Chapter of BayonneChapter of Bayonne in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques Intendance: Intendance of PauTitles of the intendance of Pau - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques
History The oldest lord of Arbonne whose names are known are from the Sault family, Viscounts of Labourd. At the end of the 14th century the lordship was owned by the Saint-Julien family (originally from Lower Navarre) and then in 1408 to the Amezqueta family.
The Act of 4 March 1790,Philippe Veyrin, The Basques, Arthaud, 1947, reprinted 1975, , p. 185 which determined the new administrative landscape of France by creating departments and districts, created the Department of Basses-Pyrénées to bring together Béarn, the Gascon lands in Bayonne and Bidache, and three French Basque provinces. For these three provinces three districts were created: Mauléon, Saint-Palais, and Ustaritz which replaced the Bailiwick of Labourd. The seat of Ustaritz was transferred almost immediately to Bayonne. Its Directorate pushed many municipalities into adopting new names conforming to the spirit of the Revolution. Arbonne was called Constante,. Ustaritz became Marat-sur-Nive, Itxassou Union, Saint-Étienne-de-Baïgorry Thermopyles, Saint-Palais Mont-Bidouze, Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port Nive-Franche, Louhossoa Montagne-sur-Nive, Saint-Jean-de-Luz Chauvin-Dragon, Ainhoa Mendiarte, and Souraïde Mendialde.
Heraldry
Administration List of Successive MayorsHubert Lamant-Duhart in Arbonne, Arbona, Collective work under the direction of Hubert Lamant-Duhart, Ekaina, 1988, p. 213 List of Mayors of France
From To Name 1790? 1794 Daguerre 1794 1795 Dominique Duhart (Mayor of Constante which united Arbonne, Arcangues, and Bassussarry) 1795 Jean Laborde (Mayor of Constante) 1814 1817 Pierre Landaboure 1817 1822 Jean Diharce 1822 1823 Martin Hegoas 1823 1827 Charles Borotra 1827 1840 Mathieu Duhart 1840 1842 Hirigoyen 1842 1849 Doyhenard 1849 1859 Laborde 1859 1864 Michel Dokhelar 1864 1876 Laurent Hirigoyen 1876 1881 Jean Dufau 1881 1896 Jean Borotra 1896 1904 Jean Dufau 1904 1943 Bernard Housset
Mayors from 1943 From To Name 1943 1945 Jean Hegoas 1945 1948 Émile Martin 1953 1971 André Gromard 1971 1977 Didier Borotra 1977 1995 Bernard Abeberry 1995 2008 Jean Bareille 2008 2026 Marie-Josèphe Mialocq
Inter-communality Arbonne is part of nine inter-communal structures: the Communauté d'agglomération du Pays Basque; the SIVOM of Arbonne-Arcangues-Bassussarry; the SIVU of Arbonne-Bidart; the Ouhabia association; the mixed association of Bizi Garbia; the Association for promotion of basque culture; the mixed association for management of Ura drinking water; the mixed association for sanitation in Ura; the Energy association of Pyrénées-Atlantiques.
The commune is part of the Eurocité basque Bayonne-San Sebastian (fr) (a cross-border association to develop the area from Bayonne in France to San Sebastian in Spain).
Demography The inhabitants of the commune are known as Arbonars in French.Pyrénées-Atlantiques, habitants.frBrigitte Jobbé-Duval, Dictionary of place names - Pyrénées-Atlantiques, 2009, Archives and Culture,
Economy The commune is part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) zone of Ossau-iraty.
Culture and heritage
According to the Map of the Seven Basque Provinces by Prince Louis-Lucien Bonaparte the basque dialect spoken in Arbonne is northern Upper Navarrese
Religious heritage The commune has two buildings that are registered as historical monuments: The Church of Saint-Laurent (12th century).Ministry of Culture, Mérimée It is of a medium size with an arched Bell-gable characteristic of Labourd religious buildings. Some old Hilarri are visible in the cemetery. The old Benoîterie d'Arbonne (16th century)Ministry of Culture, Mérimée The Benoîterie was the residence of the Benoîte or guardian of the church and cemetery and is now the venue for exhibitions (paintings, crafts).
Facilities Health The commune has a general practitioner, three nurses, a speech therapist, a physiotherapist, and a dentist - all in the village centre.
Education Arbonne has two primary schools, one public and one private (Saint-Laurent school)
Notable people linked to the commune Jean Borotra - called the Basque bondissant (the Bounding Basque), born in 1898 at Biarritz and died in 1994 at Arbonne, a tennis player and French politician Bernard Béreau, born in 1940 at Arbonne and died in 2005, he was a French footballer Marie-Michèle Beaufils, born in 1949 at Arbonne, she is a contemporary writer
See also Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department
Bibliography Arbonne, Arbona, Collective work under the direction of Hubert Lamant-Duhart, Ekaina, 1988
References
External links Arbonne official website ARBONA in the Bernardo Estornés Lasa - Auñamendi Encyclopedia (Euskomedia Fundazioa) Arbonne on Géoportail, National Geographic Institute (IGN) website Arbonne on the 1750 Cassini Map