Morang District

Geography and climate

Climate Zone Elevation Range % of Area Lower Tropical below 300 meters (1,000 ft) 80.9% Upper Tropical 300 to 1,000 meters1,000 to 3,300 ft. 11.5% Subtropical 1,000 to 2,000 meters3,300 to 6,600 ft. 7.4% Temperate 2,000 to 3,000 meters6,400 to 9,800 ft. 0.2%

Morang District lies in the Outer Terai, or plains, of eastern Nepal. Most of the land is taken up by rice and jute cultivation, though areas of sal forest remain along the northern part of the district where the plains meet the hills.

Demographics

At the time of the 2021 Nepal census, Morang District had a population of 1,147,186. 7.63% of the population is under 5 years of age. It has a literacy rate of 78.61% and a sex ratio of 1059 females per 1000 males. 802,089 (69.92%) lived in municipalities.

Morang is the most ethnically diverse district in Nepal, with 119 castes and ethnicities represented. Khas people make up the largest group, mainly Chhetri and Bahun who together make up over 25% of the population. Khas Dalits are around 4% of the population. Madheshi communities made up nearly 24% of the population, with 17% being non-Dalits and 7% Dalits. Terai Janjati communities make up nearly 19% of the population, mainly Tharu, Rajbanshi, Gangai and Dhimal. Hill Janajati communities make up 17% of the population, mainly Kiranti peoples like Rais and Limbus as well as Tamang and Magar. Muslims are nearly 5% of the population, divided into a number of castes.

Religion: 80.3% were Hindu, 6.5% Kirati, 4.7% Muslim, 4.1% Buddhist, 2.3% Prakriti, 1.6% Christian, 0.1% Jain and 0.3% others.

At the time of the 2021 census, 39.99% of the population spoke Nepali, 22.64% Maithili, 6.62% Tharu, 3.57% Rajbanshi, 3.20% Limbu, 3.12% Angika, 2.76% Urdu, 1.84% Santali, 1.77% Tamang, 1.59% Magar, 1.39% Rai, 1.00% Dhimal, 0.99% Newari and 0.93% Bantawa as their first language.

Economy

Most of the district is rural, though it is also home to Biratnagar, the sixth largest city of Nepal. It is the industrial capital of Nepal. Morang has the highest numbers of industries and factories, multinational brands. Other emerging towns include Sundarharaicha, Urlabari, Belbari, Pathari and Rangeli. It has the largest industrial area in the whole country, expanding from Rani Mills Area to Duhabi River. Biratnagar Jute Mills, Arihant and Dhanawat Matches are among the nation's oldest industries.

Education Morang district is home to the historic Morang Campus (Mahendra Morang Adarsh Multiple Campus, Biratnagar), Sukuna Multiple Campus (Sundar Haraicha Municipality), Urlabari Multiple Campus, Pathari Multiple Campus, and several other institutions of higher learning. Sukuna Multiple Campus has around 5000 students situated at Sunderharaincha of Morang district. Purbanchal University in Biratnagar offers graduate level courses in many disciplines of Science, Arts and Liberal Sciences. At present, the university has broadly identified Industry-Technology, Agriculture-Forestry, Environment- Rural-Cultural Subsistence and Sustainable Development as specific areas of “Academic Excellence”. It has affiliated private in all the parts of Nepal.

Politics Morang has been a hotbed of political activity throughout Nepal's recent history producing political stalwarts such as Matrika Prasad Koirala, BP Koirala, Madan Bhandari, Girija Prasad Koirala, Man Mohan Adhikari, Sushil Koirala, Bharat Mohan Adhikari as well as the present time leaders like Shekhar Koirala, Upendra Yadav, etc.

The district currently sends 6 members to the national legislature.

Administrative divisions The district consists of one Metropolitan Cities, eight urban municipalities and eight rural municipalities. These are as follows:

Municipalities Biratnagar Metropolitan City Sundar Haraicha Municipality Belbari Municipality Pathari-Sanischare Municipality Urlabari Municipality Rangeli Municipality Letang Municipality Ratuwamai Municipality Sunawarshi Municipality

Rural Municipalities

Kerabari Rural Municipality Miklajung Rural Municipality Kanepokhari Rural Municipality Budhiganga Rural Municipality Gramthan Rural Municipality Katahari Rural Municipality Dhanpalthan Rural Municipality Jahada Rural Municipality

Notable people Rekha Thapa, Actress Madan Bhandari, Political Leader Suman Pokhrel, Poet, Lyricist, Translator Ghanashyam Khatiwada, Member of House of Representative, Morang 1 Nikita Chandak, Miss Nepal 2017 Yama Buddha, Rapper Shekhar Koirala, Member of Legislature Parliament of Nepal Shiva Maya Tumbahamphe, Member of House of Representative,

Proportionate (CPN-UML) Lal Babu Pandit, Member of House of Representative, Morang 6

References

Morang District

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