The Connecticut Open was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts under various names and in various venues from 1948 until 2019.

It was most recently a Women's Tennis Association (WTA) Premier Tournament on the WTA Tour, held annually at the Cullman-Heyman Tennis Center in New Haven, Connecticut, United States, just before the fourth and last Grand Slam tournament of the year, the US Open. From 2005 through 2010, the tournament was also part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the ATP Tour.

In 2019, the tournament sanction was sold to APG, a sports and entertainment company, which transferred it to Zhengzhou, China.

History The tournament was created in 1948 as the U.S. Women's Hardcourt Championships and first played in Sacramento, California, in the United States. Over the 20 years of its first run, the event was held in various locations in the western United States: San Francisco; Berkeley, California; Salt Lake City, Utah; Seattle, Washington; La Jolla, California; and Denver, Colorado. Among the winners of the event were Doris Hart, Darlene Hard, Nancy Richey, Rosemary Casals, Billie Jean King, and Jane Bartkowicz. The event was discontinued in 1969 after the beginning of the Open Era.

In 1988, the United States Tennis Association (USTA) reinstated the tournament. The first edition of the new U.S. Women's Hardcourt Championships was held that year in San Antonio, Texas, first as part of Tier IV of the WTA Tour, then as an upgraded Tier III event in 1990. The championships were sponsored by Post Cereals in 1990 and by Acura from 1992 to 1994. Over the first years of its second run, the tournament was won by several past or future World No. 1s, including Steffi Graf, Monica Seles, and Martina Navratilova. The event was held in Stratton Mountain, Vermont, in 1993 and 1994, but conflicts with the 1996 Summer Olympics prevented the tournament from being held the following two years. In 1997, the event returned again, now within Tier II and first in Stone Mountain, Georgia, then settling in 1998 in New Haven, Connecticut, under the new sponsorship of Pilot Pen. In the first years of its run in New Haven, the renamed Pilot Pen International saw its competition dominated by Lindsay Davenport (four-time runner-up in New Haven, one previous time in Stone Mountain, and 2005 champion) and Venus Williams (four-time champion from 1999 to 2002).

New Haven was already host to a men's tournament, the Pilot Pen International. It was created in 1973 in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, as the Volvo International, and moved to Connecticut in 1990, where it took Pilot Pen sponsorship in 1997. When the men's event was cancelled in 1999, the women's Pilot Pen tournament remained the only one of the region.

In 2005, the USTA purchased the men's tournament of Long Island, New York, and merged it with the women's Pilot Pen International to create Pilot Pen Tennis, the first large joint ATP–WTA tournament leading to the US Open. The tournament became the last event of the US Open Series and continued to attract top players, including champions Caroline Wozniacki, Svetlana Kuznetsova, James Blake, Justine Henin, and Nikolay Davydenko.

In 2011, after the men's competition moved to Winston-Salem, the newly women's-only event was renamed the New Haven Open at Yale. In 2014, it was renamed the Connecticut Open.

In 2019, the Connecticut Open ended due to a lack of funding. The tournament's sanction was sold and assigned to Zhengzhou, China, after the 2019 US Open. In 2021, the Tennis in the Land tournament in Cleveland took over its former spot on the WTA schedule.

Past finals

Women's singles LocationYearChampionRunner-upScoreSan Francisco 1948* Gussie Moran Virginia Wolfenden Kovacs 2–6, 6–1, 6–2 1949* Doris Hart Dorothy Head Knode 6–3, 6–4 Berkeley, California 1950* Patricia Canning Todd Magda Rurac 6–2, 6–1 Salt Lake City 1951 Patricia Canning Todd (2) Anita Kanter6–1, 6–4 Seattle 1952 Mary Arnold Prentiss Anita Kanter 6–1, 8–6Salt Like City 1953 Anita Kanter Joan Merciadis 6–0, 6–4 1954 Beverly Baker Fleitz Barbara Green 6–1, 6–3 La Jolla, California 1955 Mimi Arnold Patricia Canning Todd 6–0, 6–0 1956 Nancy Chaffee Kiner Patricia Canning Todd 6–4, 5–7, 7–5 1957 Beverly Baker Fleitz (2) Mimi Arnold 6–1, 6–1 1958 Beverly Baker Fleitz (3) Karen Hantze 6–1, 8–6 Denver, Colorado 1959 Sandra Reynolds Beverly Baker Fleitz 6–3, 6–2La Jolla, California 1960 Katherine D. Chabot Karen Hantze 4–6, 7–5, 7–5 1961 Nancy Richey Dorothy Head Knode 6–1, 6–1Seattle 1962 Carol Hanks Marilyn Montgomery 7–5, 6–3La Jolla, California 1963 Darlene Hard Tory Fretz 6–1, 8–6 Sacramento, California 1964 Kathleen Harter Kathy Blake 6–1, 6–0 1965 Rosemary Casals Kathleen Harter 6–4, 4–6, 6–2 La Jolla, California 1966 Billie Jean King Patti Hogan 7–5, 6–0Sacramento, California 1967 Jane "Peaches" Bartkowicz Valerie Ziegenfuss 6–4, 6–4La Jolla, California 1968 Maryna Godwin Janet Newberry 6–3, 8–6Sacramento, California 1969 Eliza Pande Kristien Kemmer 7–5, 6–4 1970–1987 Not held San Antonio, Texas 1988 Steffi Graf Katerina Maleeva 6–4, 6–1 1989 Steffi Graf (2) Ann Henricksson 6–1, 6–4 1990 Monica Seles Manuela Maleeva-Fragnière 6–4, 6–3 1991 Steffi Graf (3) Monica Seles 6–4, 6–3 1992 Martina Navratilova Nathalie Tauziat 6–2, 6–1 1993 Conchita Martínez Zina Garrison 6–3, 6–2 1994 Conchita Martínez (2) Arantxa Sánchez Vicario 4–6, 6–3, 6–4   1995 Not held1996 Not held Stone Mountain, Georgia 1997 Lindsay Davenport Sandrine Testud 6–4, 6–1 New Haven, Connecticut 1998 Steffi Graf (4) Jana Novotná 6–4, 6–1 1999 Venus Williams Lindsay Davenport 6–2, 7–5 2000 Venus Williams (2) Monica Seles 6–2, 6–4 2001 Venus Williams (3) Lindsay Davenport 7–6(8–6), 6–4 2002 Venus Williams (4) Lindsay Davenport 7–5, 6–0 2003 Jennifer Capriati Lindsay Davenport 6–2, 4–0 retired 2004 Elena Bovina Nathalie Dechy 6–2, 2–6, 7–5 2005 Lindsay Davenport (2) Amélie Mauresmo 6–4, 6–4 2006 Justine Henin Lindsay Davenport 6–0, 1–0 retired 2007 Svetlana Kuznetsova Ágnes Szávay 4–6, 3–0 retired 2008 Caroline Wozniacki Anna Chakvetadze 3–6, 6–4, 6–1 2009 Caroline Wozniacki (2) Elena Vesnina 6–2, 6–4 2010 Caroline Wozniacki (3) Nadia Petrova 6–3, 3–6, 6–3 2011 Caroline Wozniacki (4) Petra Cetkovská 6–4, 6–1 2012 Petra Kvitová Maria Kirilenko 7–6(11–9), 7–5 2013 Simona Halep Petra Kvitová 6–2, 6–2 2014 Petra Kvitová (2) Magdaléna Rybáriková 6–4, 6–2 2015 Petra Kvitová (3) Lucie Šafářová 6–7(6–8), 6–2, 6–2 2016 Agnieszka Radwańska Elina Svitolina 6–1, 7–6(7–3) 2017 Daria Gavrilova Dominika Cibulková 4–6, 6–3, 6–4 2018 Aryna Sabalenka Carla Suárez Navarro 6–1, 6–4 From 1948 through 1950, the U.S. Women's Hardcourt Championships were a combined event with the Pacific Coast Championships.

Women's doubles LocationYearChampionsRunners-upScoreNew Haven 2018 Andrea Sestini Hlaváčková Barbora Strýcová Hsieh Su-wei Laura Siegemund 6–4, 6–7(7–9), [10–4] 2017 Gabriela Dabrowski Xu Yifan Ashleigh Barty Casey Dellacqua 3–6, 6–3, [10–8] 2016 Sania Mirza (3) Monica Niculescu Kateryna Bondarenko Chuang Chia-jung 7–5, 6–4 2015 Julia Görges Lucie Hradecká Chuang Chia-jung Liang Chen 6–3, 6–1 2014 Andreja Klepač Sílvia Soler Espinosa Marina Erakovic Arantxa Parra Santonja 7–5, 4–6, [10–7] 2013 Sania Mirza (2) Zheng Jie (2) Anabel Medina Garrigues Katarina Srebotnik 6–3, 6–4 2012 Liezel Huber Lisa Raymond (4) Andrea Hlaváčková Lucie Hradecká 4–6, 6–0, [10–4] 2011 Chuang Chia-jung Olga Govortsova Sara Errani<br/ > Roberta Vinci 7–5, 6–2 2010 Květa Peschke Katarina Srebotnik Bethanie Mattek-Sands<br/ > Meghann Shaughnessy 7–5, 6–0 2009 Nuria Llagostera Vives Iveta Benešová<br/ > Lucie Hradecká 6–2, 7–5 2008 Květa Peschke Lisa Raymond (3) Sorana Cîrstea Monica Niculescu 4–6, 7–5, [10–7] 2007 Sania Mirza Mara Santangelo Cara Black Liezel Huber 6–1, 6–2 2006 Yan Zi Zheng Jie Lisa Raymond Samantha Stosur 6–4, 6–2 2005 Lisa Raymond (2) Samantha Stosur Gisela Dulko Maria Kirilenko 6–2, 6–7(1–7), 6–1 2004 Nadia Petrova Meghann Shaughnessy Martina Navratilova Lisa Raymond 6–1, 1–6, 7–6(7–4) 2003 Virginia Ruano Pascual Paola Suárez Alicia Molik Magüi Serna 7–6(8–6), 6–3 2002 Daniela Hantuchová Arantxa Sánchez Vicario Tathiana Garbin Janette Husárová 7–6, 1–6, 7–5 2001 Cara Black Elena Likhovtseva Jelena Dokić Nadia Petrova 6–0, 3–6, 6–2 2000 Julie Halard-Decugis Ai Sugiyama Virginia Ruano Pascual Paola Suárez 6–4, 5–7, 6–2 1999 Lisa Raymond Rennae Stubbs Elena Likhovtseva Jana Novotná 7–6(7–1), 6–2 1998 Alexandra Fusai Nathalie Tauziat Mariaan de Swardt Jana Novotná 6–1, 6–0Stone Mt. 1997 Nicole Arendt Manon Bollegraf Alexandra Fusai Nathalie Tauziat 6–7(5–7), 6–3, 6–2  1996 Not held1995 Not heldStrattonMountain 1994 Elizabeth Sayers-Smylie (2) Pam Shriver (3) Conchita Martínez Arantxa Sánchez Vicario 7–6(7–4), 2–6, 7–5 1993 Elizabeth Sayers-Smylie Helena Suková (2) Manuela Maleeva-Fragnière Mercedes Paz 6–1, 6–2San Antonio 1992 Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver (2) Patty Fendick Andrea Strnadová 3–6, 6–2, 7–6(7–4) 1991 Patty Fendick Monica Seles Jill Hetherington Kathy Rinaldi 7–6(7–2), 6–2 1990 Kathy Jordan Elizabeth Sayers-Smylie Gigi Fernández Robin White 7–5, 7–5 1989 Katrina Adams Pam Shriver Patty Fendick Jill Hetherington 3–6, 6–1, 6–4 1988 Lori McNeil Helena Suková Rosalyn Fairbank Gretchen Rush-Magers 6–3, 6–7(5–7), 6–2

Men's singles LocationYearChampionsRunners-upScoreLong Island(exhibition) 1981 Brian Teacher Yannick Noah 4–6, 6–3, 6–4 1982 Gene Mayer Johan Kriek 6–2, 6–3 1983 Gene Mayer Heinz Günthardt 6–7(9–11), 6–4, 6–0 1984 Ivan Lendl Andrés Gómez 6–2, 6–4 1985 Ivan Lendl Jimmy Connors 6–1, 6–3 1986 Ivan Lendl John McEnroe 6–2, 6–4 1987 Jonas Svensson David Pate 7–6, 3–6, 6–3 1988 Andre Agassi Yannick Noah 6–3, 0–6, 6–4 1989 Ivan Lendl Mikael Pernfors 4–6, 6–2, 6–4Long Island 1990 Stefan Edberg Goran Ivanišević 7–6, 6–3 1991 Ivan Lendl Stefan Edberg 6–3, 6–2 1992 Petr Korda Ivan Lendl 6–2, 6–2 1993 Marc Rosset Michael Chang 6–4, 3–6, 6–1 1994 Yevgeny Kafelnikov Cédric Pioline 5–7, 6–1, 6–2 1995 Yevgeny Kafelnikov Jan Siemerink 7–6(7–0), 6–2 1996 Andrei Medvedev Martin Damm 7–5, 6–3 1997 Carlos Moyá Patrick Rafter 6–4, 7–6(7–1) 1998 Patrick Rafter Félix Mantilla 7–6(7–3), 6–2 1999 Magnus Norman Àlex Corretja 7–6(7–4), 4–6, 6–3 2000 Magnus Norman Thomas Enqvist 6–3, 5–7, 7–5 2001 Tommy Haas Pete Sampras 6–3, 3–6, 6–2 2002 Paradorn Srichaphan Juan Ignacio Chela 5–7, 6–2, 6–2 2003 Paradorn Srichaphan James Blake 6–2, 6–4 2004 Lleyton Hewitt Luis Horna 6–3, 6–1New Haven 2005 James Blake Feliciano López 3–6, 7–5, 6–1 2006 Nikolay Davydenko Agustín Calleri 6–4, 6–3 2007 James Blake Mardy Fish 7–5, 6–4 2008 Marin Čilić Mardy Fish 6–4, 4–6, 6–2 2009 Fernando Verdasco Sam Querrey 6–4, 7–6(8–6) 2010 Sergiy Stakhovsky Denis Istomin 3–6, 6–3, 6–4

Men's doubles