John Harvey McKay (July 5, 1923 – June 10, 2001) was an American football coach. He was the head coach at the University of Southern California (USC) from 1960 to 1975 and of the National Football League's Tampa Bay Buccaneers from 1976 to 1984. In sixteen seasons at USC, McKay compiled a record of and won nine AAWU/Pac-8 conference titles. His teams made eight appearances in the Rose Bowl, with five wins. Four of his squads captured national titles (1962, 1967, 1972, 1974).
Following a disappointing 1975 season, McKay moved to the NFL as the first head coach of the expansion Tampa Bay Buccaneers. In 1976 and 1977, Tampa Bay lost the first 26 games but improved by the end of the 1970s. The Buccaneers made the playoffs three times under McKay, including an appearance in the NFC Championship Game in 1979. McKay was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 1988. On January 1, 2014, McKay was named the All-Century Coach of the Rose Bowl Game during the celebration of the 100th Rose Bowl Game; his son represented him in the 2014 Rose Parade.
Early life, military service, and playing career McKay was born in West Virginia in the now-defunct town of Everettville in Monongalia County, where he was raised as a Roman Catholic. He was the third of five children born to Scots-Irish parents John and Gertrude McKay. His father was a coal mine superintendent who died when John was 13 years old. He grew up in Shinnston, and graduated from Shinnston High School in 1941. Offered a football scholarship to Wake Forest, McKay was on campus enrolling when his widowed mother became ill. He returned home to West Virginia and worked as an electrician's assistant in a coal mine for a year, then enlisted in the U.S. Army Air Force in 1942. McKay served as a tailgunner aboard B-29s and saw action in the Pacific Theatre during World War II.
Oregon After the war, he entered college at Purdue University in 1946 at the age of 23, then transferred to the University of Oregon in 1947. He played football as a halfback at both schools. At Purdue he played under former NFL champion quarterback Cecil Isbell alongside Bob DeMoss and Ed Cody, and split time with Ed Ehlers. For the Oregon Ducks, he played alongside quarterback Norm Van Brocklin.Spokesman-Review – Action in pictures of Idaho's valiant losing battle against Oregon – October 10, 1948 – p.3-sports The 1948 Ducks went 9–1 in the regular season and 7–0 in the Pacific Coast, co-champions with California. Because the two teams did not meet during the season, the bid to the Rose Bowl was decided by the university presidents, which went to California on a split vote that was not disclosed. Breaking with tradition, the PCC allowed the co-champions to also play in a bowl game. The Ducks accepted an invitation to the Cotton Bowl in Dallas, but were defeated 21–13 by hometown SMU.
Van Brocklin graduated and was selected in the 1949 NFL draft by the Los Angeles Rams; McKay took over the Duck offense in 1949 and called the audibles from his two-point stance as a running back. Without the future NFL Hall of Famer, the Ducks slipped to 4–6 (2–5 in the PCC). Without McKay on the field in 1950, Oregon was 1–9 and winless in conference, including shutouts by UCLA and lowly Idaho. The Ducks scored only 97 points all season and were kept under ten points in half of their games. – yearly results – Oregon 1950–54 – accessed April 4, 2012
Coaching career
Assistant coach After graduation from Oregon in 1950, McKay decided to become a coach. He was an assistant for the Ducks for nine seasons, one under Jim Aiken and eight with Len Casanova, who arrived from the University of Pittsburgh in 1951. Improving through the 1950s, the Ducks tied for the conference title in 1957 and played in the 1958 Rose Bowl. Following the 1958 season, McKay moved south to USC as an assistant under third-year head coach Don Clark. A notable member of the USC staff at this time was Al Davis, the offensive line coach. The Trojans were coming off two losing seasons, 1–9 in 1957 and 4–5–1 in 1958. They won their first eight games in 1959 but lost to rivals UCLA and Notre Dame to conclude the season. After failing to defeat either of the two rivals in three years, Clark resigned. McKay was hired as the Trojans' head coach for the 1960 season.
USC Trojans In his first two seasons as head coach, McKay's teams enjoyed little success, going 4–6 in 1960 and 4–5–1 in 1961. The Trojans had been on probation and had difficulty recruiting; McKay stated that these two teams were the slowest he had ever been around. Heading into the 1962 season, McKay felt he might be fired by university president Norman Topping; alumni were pressuring Topping to fire McKay, but Topping resisted and gave McKay one more year so he could field a team with players he had recruited. Topping believed that McKay had recruited well and that the team would be successful.The History of USC Football Volume Two 1960–1986 McClenahan-Kelly Productions Copyright 1987 the University of Southern California and Trojans Video Partners Topping proved to be correct. In 1962, McKay guided USC to an 11–0 record, including a 42–37 Rose Bowl victory over #2-ranked Wisconsin, leading to a national championship. USC won a total of four national championships (1962, 1967, 1972, and 1974) during McKay's tenure as head coach, and the 1972 squad is regarded as one of the best teams in college football history. That team went 12–0, defeating five teams ranked 18th or higher by an average of 22 points. They never trailed in the second half of any game, and their closest game was a nine-point win over Stanford. Players from that team included Mike Rae, Pat Haden, Sam Cunningham, Anthony Davis, Lynn Swann, Charlie Young, Gary Jeter, Richard Wood and Charles Phillips. Two of his players, Mike Garrett (1965) and O. J. Simpson (1968), won the Heisman Trophy. McKay popularized the I formation and emphasized a power running game with such plays as "Student Body Left" and "Student Body Right." Through 2021, he remains the winningest head football coach in school history.
On November 26, 1966, Notre Dame crushed USC 51–0 for the worst defeat in the program's history. Reportedly, after the game, McKay vowed never to lose a game to the Fighting Irish again. He denied saying it, however, and in an interview shortly before his death, he clarified that he actually said, "They'll never beat us 51–0 again."John McKay "In My Own Words" Fox Sports Net After that loss, McKay was 6–1–2 vs. Notre Dame, losing only during the Irish' national championship season of 1973. He even admitted that while growing up, being an Irish Catholic, he was a Notre Dame fan.
Tampa Bay Buccaneers After turning down several offers from NFL teams, including the Cleveland Browns, New England Patriots and Los Angeles Rams, McKay was lured to Tampa Bay in 1976 to become the Buccaneers' first head coach.Sam Farmer, , Los Angeles Times, January 12, 2007, Accessed January 12, 2007. Motivating his decision was the combined fivefold salary increase (totaling $2 million) and the prospect of building a franchise from the ground up. The Buccaneers lost all 14 games in 1976 and the first 12 games of 1977 before finally winning against the New Orleans Saints. The Bucs would also win the last game of the 1977 season over the St. Louis Cardinals for a two-game winning streak.
After winning five games in 1978, the Buccaneers doubled that the following year, posting their first winning season. They clinched the 1979 NFC Central title in the final week by beating the Kansas City Chiefs 3–0 in a driving Tampa rainstorm. They then defeated the Philadelphia Eagles 24–17 in a divisional playoff game to advance to the NFC Championship where, in a defensive battle, they lost to the Los Angeles Rams 9–0. The Buccaneers made two more playoff appearances in 1981 and 1982.
After the 1982 season, McKay strongly supported star quarterback Doug Williams' bid for a better contract; at the time he was making less than 12 backups in the league. However, owner Hugh Culverhouse was unwilling to budge from his initial offer. Williams bolted to the USFL for the 1983 season. Without Williams, McKay's offense appeared to be completely rudderless. The Buccaneers crumbled to a two-win season in 1983, and although they rebounded to win six in 1984, it would be McKay's last. Thoroughly disillusioned, he stepped down as head coach. In the end, despite the Buccaneers' brief success in the early 1980s, McKay forever regretted his decision to leave the Trojans. His son noted that he knew "within the first week after he got to Tampa that he'd made a mistake." McKay later said that, despite the team's rapid ascent to the playoffs, the Tampa Bay Area fans never forgave him for the franchise's 0–26 start.Zier, Patrick. "McKay's style never accepted in Tampa". The Lakeland Ledger. December 24, 1988 McKay's record with the Buccaneers (his entire NFL career) was a dismal 44–88–1. This was mainly due to winning only seven games in the Bucs' first three seasons combined, though his last two seasons were the first of a league-record 12 consecutive 10-loss seasons. Despite this, McKay was posthumously inducted into Tampa Bay's "Ring of Honor" on December 5, 2010.
As an NFL coach, McKay proved to be a controversial figure. He had an unpredictable personality and was capable of great warmth, but also of scathing sarcasm. Veterans felt that his aloofness hampered his ability to communicate with the team.Zier, Patrick. "McKay Not In Popularity Contest". The Lakeland Ledger. October 14, 1977. 1-C Near the end of his tenure of head coach, he upset players by not addressing the team at any point before or after the game.Scanlon, Dick. "Fontes says McKay had no time to talk to Bucs". The Lakeland Ledger. December 4, 1984. 1D He was prone to emotional outbursts, as when he called fans "idiots" for booing Bucs' quarterback Steve Spurrier during the expansion season, and then again later when he applied the term to reporters and opposing players who criticized the team.Hansen, Greg. "This Time Fans Aren't Idiots, Writers Are". St. Petersburg Evening Independent. October 11, 1977. 1-C A 1977 wave of offseason firings saw several executives replaced by men with close ties to McKay, and left the suspicion that he was attempting to surround himself with a staff that would bow easily to his will.Martz, Ron. "Is axe falling in right places?" St. Petersburg Times. January 31, 1977 Similar accusations were made surrounding his handling of personnel, particularly following the 1976 season and again in the wake of a 1982 trade that sent several players to the San Diego Chargers, alleging that his intolerance of outspoken players was causing him to cut players who could help the team.Zier, Patrick. "Bay Bucs' Problems Revolve Around McKay?" The Lakeland Ledger. January 12, 1977 Some players resented McKay for placing his son Johnny in the starting lineup when they felt that there were better receivers on the team,Hummer, Steve. "Rozier Is One Gruff 'Husker". The Palm Beach Post. December 2, 1983. D4 a move for which McKay humorously gave "nepotism" as the motivation.Zier, Patrick. "Can Bucs Bounce Back Against Lions Tonight?" Lakeland Ledger. September 9, 1978. 2B