Ralph R. Vance (1869April 14, 1954) was a Republican politician from Nebraska who served as a member of the Nebraska House of Representatives from 1919 to 1925 and in the Nebraska State Senate from 1925 to 1933.

Vance was born in Ripley, Ohio, in 1869, and moved to Nebraska in 1887. He first settled in Clay County, where he raised Duroc pigs. He moved to Adams County in 1901.

Along with C. I. Van Patten, Vance was one of two members elected to the Nebraska House of Representatives in 1918 from the 47th district. He was re-elected in 1920 with J. C. Gilmore. In 1922, following the creation of single-member districts, Vance was re-elected in the 69th district. He was elected to the Nebraska State Senate in 1924, and was re-elected in 1926, 1928, and 1930. In 1932, Vance was defeated for re-election by Cloyd Stewart.

Vance died on April 13, 1954.

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