Xerodromeus is an extinct monotypic genus of branchiosaurid temnospondyl that lived in Germany during the Sakmarian stage of the Cisuralian epoch.
Description Autapomorphies of Xerodromeus included a supratemporal as wide as or wider than it was long, a highly abbreviated suture between the supratemporal and the squamosal that created a large tympanic embayment, and a wide and foreshortened basal plate of the parasphenoid. Other autapomorphies, only present in adults, included quadrate condyles significantly posterior to the occipital flange of the postparietal, a lengthened basipterygoid ramus and a thin palatine ramus, a pterygoid possessing a diminished transverse flange, an exceptionally large scapulocoracoid whose area was comparable to that of the entire postorbital skull table, and cylindrical pleurocentra and unpaired, crescent-shaped intercentra throughout the anterior and middle portions of the trunk of the individual.
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