Jambulat Tsechoev

Jambulat Tsechoev was an Orstkhoy - Ingush leader known for his association with Bey-Bulat Taymiev and his participation in the 1825–1826 insurgency in the North Caucasus. He was later executed by the Russian authorities for his involvement in the uprising.

Biography

Prior to Bey-Bulat Taymievs Insurgency

Prior to Bey-Bulat Taymiev's liberation movement, Jambulat was a well-known Abrek. He was described as the "terror of the roads and a brigand without equal" and gained the nickname "Terror of all Karabulaks". Because of his reputation and success as an abrek, Jambulat was eventually elected elder of Yandare, succeeding Jantemir Kutsurov, who was known for sheltering abreks from the Russian authorities.

In late 1824 and early 1825, tensions increased following Russian military expeditions against Chechnya and neighboring areas. According to Volkonsky, Jambulat became hostile toward the Russian Empire after the harsh punishment of his fellow tribesmen and the deaths of several of his relatives, and sought an opportunity to take revenge against the Russians. An opportunity emerged when Avko Ungaev, one of Bey-Bulat's associates, was elected imam in 1824. Through Jambulat's connections with Bey-Bulat Taymiev, news of the new imam quickly spread through Ingushetia and among the Karabulaks. Jambulat visited Mayrtup several times and returned with reports of miracles. Because of the influence he held among the Karabulaks and even among the Nazranians, these communities were already began preparing for a movement.

Role during the Insurgency in the North Caucasus (1825–1826)

On 29 May 1825, a congress of North Caucasian leaders was held in Mayrtup, Chechnya. Elders, leaders, and religious figures from Chechnya, Ingushetia, Karabulak, Kabardia, Kumykia, and other areas attended the meeting. Jambulat Tsechoev arrived with a group of Ingush, who formed his retinue.

Bey-Bulat Taymiev delivered a speech in which he declared that God had taken pity on his people and had chosen an imam who would cleanse them of their sins and errors and free them from their enemies. He called on Muslims to reconcile with one another, change their way of life, follow Sharia, refrain from stealing from their fellow tribesmen, and unite for a common cause, an uprising against the Russians. Muhammad al-Quduqli was then elected imam, while Bey-Bulat was chosen as the military leader.

Messengers were sent throughout Chechnya and Ingushetia to spread news of the uprising. Jambulat Tsechoev also returned home and continued preaching among the Nazranians and Karabulaks. Because of his influence among the Ingush, he was described as “Bey-Bulat's trusted support and hope among the Ingush”.

Capture and Execution

On the night of 30 May, Prince Musa Khasaev informed General Nikolay Grekov about the congress at Mayrtup and the people who had attended it. Among the most prominent participants were Jambulat Tsechoev of Yandare and Totush and Eldar Erezhekov of Kostek, two Kumyks who helped spread unrest among the Kumyks. After reporting the two Kumyks to Dmitry Lisanevich, Grekov ordered Major Tsyklaurov, the police officer responsible for the Ingush, to arrest Jambulat.

On 1 June, while preaching to a crowd in Nazran, Jambulat Tsechoev was arrested. He was transported through Vladikavkaz and Mozdok in stocks before being taken to the Groznaya Fortress.

Jambulat was forced to run the gauntlet six times through a formation of one thousand men, and when, under the final blows, he fell dead, his corpse was hanged as a warning to his supporters. The execution caused horror among the Ingush and Karabulaks and temporarily weakened the movement among them.

Jambulat Tsechoev

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