Charles Henry Ebbets, Sr."United States Passport Applications, 1795–1925," Charles Henry Ebbets, 1922; citing Passport Application, New York, United States, source certificate #231312, 2133, NARA microfilm publications M1490 and M1372 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.). (October 29, 1859 – April 18, 1925) was an American sports executive who served as co-owner of the Brooklyn Dodgers from 1897 to 1902 before becoming majority owner of the team, doing so until his death in 1925. He also served as president of the Brooklyn Dodgers from 1898 to 1925.
Biography Ebbets was born in New York City at his parents’ home at 31 Clarke Street on October 29, 1859.Brooklyn Daily Eagle, January 2, 1898, p. 22. New York City city directory, 1859, p. 257. His obituary in the New York Times, 19 April 1925, p. 26, reported that he was, “Born on Oct. 29, 1858, in New York City, at the corner of Spring and Clark Streets, Greenwich Village.” In his documentary Baseball, Ken Burns misidentifies Charlie’s father as Daniel Ebbets (1785–1855), a Wall Street banker; however, Daniel was of a generation earlier than Charlie’s actual father. His father actually was John B. Ebbets (ca. 1824–March 16, 1888), a tavern owner on the corner of Hudson and Dominick Streets in lower Manhattan.New York City city directory, 1859, p. 257. John was of the fifth generation of the Ebbets family in New York City, a descendant of Daniel Ebbets (September 14, 1665–after 1724), a brickmaker who had arrived in New York from England in 1700.The Burghers of New Amsterdam and the Freemen of New York, 1675–1866, Collections of the New York Historical Society, vol. 18 (1885), p. 74. Isaac Newton Phelps Stokes, The Iconography of Manhattan Island, vol. 4, p. 445. Also, Steele, Edward E., Ebbets: The History and Genealogy of a New York Family (St. Louis, Missouri, Edward E. Steele, 2013). His mother, Anna Maria Quick (ca. 1824–July 8, 1871), was in the fifth generation of a Dutch family that had been in New York since the 1640s.Quick Arthur Craig, A Genealogy of the Quick Family in America (South Haven, Mich.: Arthur C. Quick, n.d.). Ebbets first attended Public School 39 on Clark Street but left that school when his father moved to Astoria shortly after 1871.
Following his schooling, he took up residence at 154 Alexander Avenue near 135th.New York City directories, 1881–1884. His first job was with Dick & Fitzgerald, a publishing firm at 18 Ann Street in Manhattan. He then began work as an architect with the firm of William T. Beer. His work there as a draftsman and building designer would serve him well in later years when he decided to build a baseball stadium. He next became a bookkeeper with Frank Leslie's publishing house, a job he kept until he turned his attention to baseball.
Ebbets was not only a baseball person, as he also was a fan of bowling. He was a member of the Prospect Club, the Carleton Club, and the Commonwealth Council team of the Royal Arcanum Bowling League. In 1889 he played with the Stars of South Brooklyn and the Lincoln Council Bowlers. The following year he joined the Prospects, the arch-rivals of the Lincoln Council team, and was elected their captain. In 1893, his bowling average was 170 in more than fifty games. That year the Brooklyn Eagle stated, “He is considered one of the swiftest and, at the same time, truest bowlers in Brooklyn.”Brooklyn Daily Eagle, October 9, 1893, p. 8.
Brooklyn
In 1883, his brother Jack had introduced him to Joseph Doyle and George Taylor, friends of his who had recently formed the Brooklyn Base Ball Association with Ferdinand Abell and Charles Byrne. Ebbets got a job working for the team selling tickets, score cards, and peanuts at their Washington Park stadium at Fifth Avenue and Third Street. He printed the score cards himself. In 1891 the Brooklyn Bridegrooms (as they were then known) moved to a larger field called Eastern Park. Several years later, they had to move again, this time to the 18,000-seat “Washington Park 2nd” at the original site. On the afternoon of April 30, 1898, the first game was played at the new Washington Park. The Brooklyn Daily Eagle wrote the following day, “The ball season is on in Brooklyn—inaugurated at the new grounds in South Brooklyn yesterday before a crowd of 15,000.”Brooklyn Daily Eagle, May 1, 1898, p. 33. The Eagle also reported that “The heart of the fan to-day is heavy as lead,” as Brooklyn lost to the Philadelphia Phillies, 6–4. During that 1898 season, he served as field manager for 106 games, compiling a 38–68 record.
By 1890, he had saved enough money to make an investment in the team, and he continued to buy stock whenever he could. That same year, the Bridegrooms won the National League pennant in their first year in the league. In January 1898, he owned 80 percent of the stock, the other 20 percent being held by the club's then president, Charles H. Byrne. In reporting his controlling interest, the New York Times reported, “Mr. Ebbets is thirty-eight years old. He signed with the club in 1882, when it was in the Inter-State League. He has been Treasurer ever since, and has handled every dollar that came into the club in fifteen years.”New York Times, January 2, 1898, p. 2. Byrne died three days later and Ebbets was elected president of the ball club on January 13, 1898.New York Times, January 13, 1898, p. 4. In 1899, the Superbas won the National League pennant, their second in nine years. They would win the pennant the following year.
He knew that the Washington Park site would not do for the game of baseball that he envisioned. It was a wooden structure and subject, therefore, to fire and significant maintenance. It was also located in South Brooklyn, near several factories and a canal whose unpleasant odors (and factory smoke) permeated the air. Scouting around Brooklyn for an alternate site, his attention soon focused on an area in Flatbush known as “Pigtown”—so called because it was a local dump occupied principally by squatters. A major part of its attraction was that nine separate trolley car lines converged near the site. Ebbets had already learned that it was important to get the fans to the game. He quietly began to purchase individual lots in Pigtown over a four-year period. By 1911 he had acquired 5½ acres of land for the bargain price of $100,000.G. Edward White, Creating the National Pastime: Baseball Transforms Itself, 1903–1953, Princeton University Press, 1996, p. 17.
In 1912, he sold half of his holdings in the Superbas to raise the $750,000 needed to build a new stadium and construction of the Superbas’ new 25,000-seat stadium at 55 Sullivan Place near the intersection of Empire Boulevard (called Malbone Street at the time) and Bedford Avenue in Brooklyn was completed and Ebbets Field opened for its first ballgame. Following an exhibition game on April 5 in which the Superbas beat the Yankees 3–2, opening day of April 9, 1913, saw a packed house witness the Philadelphia Phillies defeat the Superbas 1–0. Not only was he now a half-owner and president of the Brooklyn Superbas Baseball Club in the National League, he also had a stadium named in his honor.
In addition to his service to the Brooklyn Dodgers, he was politically active. He served as a Democratic assemblyman representing the Twelfth District in the New York State legislature in 1896.Brooklyn Daily Eagle, December 20, 1895, p. 9. The following year, in a Republican landslide when William McKinley won the White House, Ebbets lost his bid for re-election. In November 1897, he won election to the Municipal Council of Greater New York from his district in Brooklyn.New York Times, November 4, 1897, p. 1; Brooklyn Daily Eagle, November 4, 1897, p. 4; Brooklyn Daily Eagle, January 28, 1899, and New York Times, 29 January 1899, in which Ebbets’ seat is confirmed by the Supreme Court, with a plurality of 12 votes. His term in the council ran for four years until 1901. The next year he decided to run as a Democratic candidate from Brooklyn for the New York state Senate. He ran in the election of 1904 but was defeated by 777 votes.New York Times, November 9, 1904, p. 5. That loss ended his political aspirations.
Charles married first April 10, 1878, Minnie Frances Amelia Broadbent, born January 1, 1858, in New York City. Minnie was the daughter of English parents James Broadbent and Amelia Preston. They were married at Trinity Church by Rev. Thomas H. Sill.New York City marriage certificate, 1878, no. 1935. Also, Trinity Church marriage register. Charles, at age 18, was nearly two years younger than his 20-year-old bride.
About 1903, he was invited to a poker game at the Hotel Somerset on West 47th Street in New York City. The hotel was operated by a friend, Claude R. Nott. While at the game, he met Claude's wife, Grace, and apparently became infatuated with her. When Nott determined that his wife was being unfaithful to him he sued for divorce. Claude and Grace Nott's divorce was finalized on January 6, 1909.The New York Sun, January 6, 1909, p. 1. By 1910 he and Minnie had apparently separated, as Minnie was then living at 214 Parkside Avenue in Brooklyn.1910 U.S. census, Brooklyn, Kings Co., New York, ward 29, ED 9218, p. 7A (p. 122). By 1915, Ebbets was living with Grace Slade at 1466 Avenue G in Brooklyn.1915 New York state census, Brooklyn, Kings Co., New York, ward 31, p. 53.
In 1916, his team (known as the Robins due to their manager, Wilbert Robinson) won the National League pennant (their first in sixteen years), advancing to the 1916 World Series. They lost to the Boston Red Sox in five games. Four years later, the Robins won the pennant again, though they once again lost in the World Series, this time to the Cleveland Indians in seven games.
Final years and death In September 1919, Minnie sued for divorce.New York Times, October 23, 1919, p. 17. The following year he and Minnie made an out-of-court settlement establishing an alimony payment to her of $6,500 per year for twelve years.Brooklyn Daily Eagle, January 9, 1920, p. 2. Their divorce was finalized in January 1922.New York Times, January 11, 1922, p. 7. Brooklyn Daily Eagle, January 27, 1922, p. 2. Minnie received an annual allowance of $7,500 and to guarantee those payments he deposited his shares of the Dodgers with the Mechanics Bank in Brooklyn as trustee. On May 8, 1922, he married Grace Slade as his second wife in Bridgeport, Connecticut.S. passport application, November 16, 1922, no. 231312. Brooklyn Daily Eagle, May 9, 1922, p. 2. New York Times, May 10, 1922, p. 16.
In 1924, he and Grace had a house built in Clearwater, Florida, and he moved the Dodgers to that town to practice in the spring. The following year, he and Grace again went to Clearwater to attend spring training for the Dodgers. Returning to New York in April, Ebbets checked into his room at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel where he stayed when the Dodgers were playing in town. He felt unwell and was confined to his room for two weeks. Early on the morning of April 18, 1925, he fell into a deep sleep and awoke only briefly. Charles H. Ebbets died of heart failure that afternoon in his suite at the Waldorf Hotel.New York City death certificate, 1925, no. 10675. A showman even in death, his occupation on his death certificate is listed as “BaseBall Magnate.” The exact cause of Charlie’s death was listed as “chronic valvular disease of heart.” He was 65 years old. His funeral was held at Trinity Church on April 21 and he was buried at Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn.Green-Wood Cemetery burial record, Section 129, Lot 35567. That day all baseball games in the National League were canceled in his honor and the flags at all of the National League baseball parks would fly at half-staff for the next 30 days.
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