Rosenheim is a surnamed derived from the town of Rosenheim, Bavaria. It is largely a Jewish surname. Notable individuals with the surname include:
Alfred Rosenheim (1859–1943), American architect Arthur Rosenheim (1865–1942), German chemist Jacob Rosenheim (1870–1965), German-born Israeli publisher Jens Toller Rosenheim (1636–1690), Norwegian nobleman Käte Rosenheim (1892–1979), German-American social worker who rescued children from Nazi Germany Max Rosenheim (1908–1972), British physician Mikhail Rosenheim (1820–1887), Russian poet and translator (1871–1955), German-born English biochemist