Carl Rudolph Krafft (August 23, 1884 – October 18, 1938) was an American painter, printmaker, and commercial artist associated with the Chicago art community during the early 20th century. He worked primarily in landscape painting, particularly scenes of the Ozark Mountains, and also produced etchings, lithographs, and watercolors. Krafft was a member of the Palette and Chisel Academy of Fine Arts and co-founded the Society of Ozark Painters in 1914 alongside Rudolph F. Ingerle, Frank Nuderscher, Oscar E. Berninghaus, and Carl Gustave Waldeck. He was also the founder of the arts organization now known as the Oak Park Art League — established as the Austin, Oak Park, and River Forest Art League and renamed in 1970 — which promotes art exhibitions and education in the western Chicago suburbs.

Early life and education Krafft was born in Reading, Ohio, on August 23, 1884, into a German-American family. His father, Carl F. L. Krafft, was a Lutheran minister who had emigrated from Bavaria. His family background included a connection to the artistic tradition of the Krafft family of Nuremberg, associated with the sixteenth-century sculptor Adam Kraft.Fine Estate Art. "Carl Rudolph Krafft." fineestateart.com.

The family later relocated to Chicago, where Carl grew up on the South Side. As a child, he showed an early interest in drawing and music, but explored careers in business and religious studies, including a period at Elmhurst College, before committing to art.Illinois Art. "Carl Rudolph Krafft Timeline." illinoisart.org.

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Krafft began his professional life in commercial art, working as a designer and illustrator. He studied at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, initially through evening classes and later in day classes, studying under Harry M. Walcott, Edward Vysekal, and Antonin Sterba, then later under Leon Kroll and Eugene E. Savage.Illinois Art. "Carl Rudolph Krafft Timeline." illinoisart.org. Training section. During this period, he became associated with fellow Chicago artists, Rudolph F. Ingerle and August Petrtyl.

Career

Harvester Building Studio Krafft, Rudolph Ingerle, and August Petrtyl shared a joint commercial art studio in the Harvester Building at 606 S. Michigan Avenue in Chicago during the early 20th century. Petrtyl operated a commercial venture called the Publicity Art Shop from the same address, and a letter dated February 27, 1915, addressed to Frank Werner of the Chicago Commission for the Encouragement of Local Art bears the signatures of all three artists, confirming their professional collaboration.Illinois Art. "Carl Rudolph Krafft Timeline." illinoisart.org. Footnotes 1, 71. See also: ''Chicago Evening Post'', December 17, 1914, p. 8. All three men were also members of the Palette and Chisel Academy of Fine Art.

The Ozarks and the Society of Ozark Painters After first visiting the Ozark Mountains in Missouri around 1912 or 1913, Krafft returned frequently to paint the region's landscapes.Fine Estate Art. "Carl Rudolph Krafft."fineestateart.com; Illinois Art. "Carl Rudolph Krafft Timeline." illinoisart.org. Travel section. In 1914, he co-founded the Society of Ozark Painters with Rudolph Ingerle and St. Louis-based artists Frank Nuderscher, Oscar E. Berninghaus, and Carl Gustave Waldeck.Illinois Art. "Carl Rudolph Krafft Timeline." illinoisart.org. Footnote 31. See also: Falk, Peter Hastings. Who Was Who in American Art 1564–1975, Vol. II. Sound View Press, 1999, p. 2445. Krafft maintained studios in both Hollister and Arcadia, Missouri, traveling between them and his Chicago and (later) Oak Park, Illinois base throughout the 1910s and 1920s.Illinois Art. "Carl Rudolph Krafft Timeline." illinoisart.org. Footnote 18. Oak Park and the Art League Krafft maintained a studio in the Chicago area and from 1926 on lived and worked in Oak Park, Illinois. He was the founder of the Austin, Oak Park, and River Forest Art League, serving as its president from 1921 to 1922 and on its board of directors for many years. The organization was renamed the Oak Park Art League in 1970 and continues to operate today.Illinois Art. "Carl Rudolph Krafft Timeline." illinoisart.org. Memberships section; Fine Estate Art. "Carl Rudolph Krafft." fineestateart.com.

Exhibitions and recognition During the 1910s and 1920s, Krafft exhibited regularly, including at the Art Institute of Chicago, the National Academy of Design, the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, and the Corcoran Gallery of Art. He received recognition in juried exhibitions including:Illinois Art. "Carl Rudolph Krafft Timeline." illinoisart.org. Honors section.

Englewood Prize, Art Institute of Chicago, 1915, for Ozark Zephyrs Municipal Art League Purchase Prize, Art Institute of Chicago, 1916, for Charms of the Ozarks Bronze Medal, Peoria Society of Allied Arts, 1920 Mr. and Mrs. Frank G. Logan Second Medal, Art Institute of Chicago, 1920 Chicago Society of Artists Silver Medal, Art Institute of Chicago, 1921 Gold Medal of Honor, Allied Artists of America, 1925 Mr. and Mrs. Frank G. Logan First Medal, Art Institute of Chicago, 1925

Teaching Krafft taught through institutional programs, local art leagues, and private classes, including at the Chicago Academy of Fine Arts (1915, 1926–1927), the School of the Art Institute of Chicago (summer outdoor painting, 1923–1924), and the Oak Park Art League (1925–1938). He also operated the Carl R. Krafft Outdoor School of Painting at Wildwood Station, Willow Springs, Illinois from 1921 to 1923.Illinois Art. "Carl Rudolph Krafft Timeline." illinoisart.org. Teaching section. During the Great Depression, as the market for privately purchased art contracted, he supplemented his studio practice through teaching and participation in the Public Works of Art Project, a federal program that supported working artists through commissions.

Style and subject matter Krafft worked primarily in landscape painting, depicting rural environments, forests, rivers, and mountain landscapes. Art historian William H. Gerdts characterized his work as Post-Impressionist landscape painting.Gerdts, William H. "Post-Impressionist Landscape Painting in America." Art & Antiques, July–August 1983, pp. 60–67. See also: Illinois Art. "Carl Rudolph Krafft Timeline." illinoisart.org. Interesting notes section. Chicago Daily News critic C. J. Bulliet described Krafft's Ozark landscapes as earning him the title "painter poet of the Ozarks."Bulliet, C. J. "Artists of Chicago Past and Present." Chicago Daily News, November 9, 1935.

In addition to landscape painting, Krafft produced portraits, figure studies, commercial illustrations, and prints, including etchings and lithographs. A memorial exhibition catalogue from the Art Institute of Chicago described his work as "developing independently" rather than belonging to any specific artistic movement.Memorial Exhibition of Paintings by Carl R. Krafft. Art Institute of Chicago, 1939.

Later years Krafft continued to exhibit during the 1930s. In 1933, two paintings — May Day and Businessmen's Avocation — were accepted for exhibition at the Art Institute of Chicago.Illinois Art. "Carl Rudolph Krafft Timeline." illinoisart.org. Group exhibitions section, 1933. Krafft died on October 18, 1938, in Oak Park, Illinois, at the age of 54, one year after his studio colleague August Petrtyl.Illinois Art. "Carl Rudolph Krafft Timeline." illinoisart.org. Born/Died dates.

Legacy A memorial exhibition of his paintings was held at the Art Institute of Chicago in 1939. His paintings are held in the Union League Club of Chicago and in private collections.Illinois Art. "Carl Rudolph Krafft Timeline." illinoisart.org. Permanent collections section.

Selected works

Ozark Zephyrs (1915) — Englewood Prize, Art Institute of Chicago Charms of the Ozarks (1916) — Municipal Art League Purchase Prize; Union League Club of Chicago collection Banks of the Gasconade (1920) — Logan Second Medal, Art Institute of Chicago Mississippi Nocturne (1925) — Logan First Medal, Art Institute of Chicago Hickory Creek (1925) — Gold Medal of Honor, Allied Artists of America

References

Citations

Sources

Bulliet, C. J. "Artists of Chicago Past and Present." Chicago Daily News, November 9, 1935. Carr, V. E. "Carl R. Krafft." American Magazine of Art, Vol. 17, September 1926, p. 478. Davies, Lal (Gladys Krafft). Carl R. Krafft: An Artist's Life. Falk, Peter Hastings. Who Was Who in American Art 1564–1975, Vol. II. Sound View Press, 1999. Fine Estate Art. "Carl Rudolph Krafft." fineestateart.com. Gerdts, William H. "Post-Impressionist Landscape Painting in America." Art & Antiques, July–August 1983, pp. 60–67. Illinois Art. "Carl Rudolph Krafft Timeline." illinoisart.org. Memorial Exhibition of Paintings by Carl R. Krafft. Art Institute of Chicago, 1939.