The Niigata University Human Experimentation Case Involving the Scrub Typhus Pathogen (新潟大学におけるツツガムシ病原菌の人体接種問題) also commonly known as the "Niigata scrub typhus human experimentation incident," (新潟ツツガムシ人体実験事件) refers to a human experiment in the 1950s in which internists from the Niigata University School of Medicine injected psychiatric patients at Niigata Psychiatric Hospital (Aoyama Shin-ai Medical Corporation) with the pathogen of scrub typhus (Rickettsia). In this article, the official name is taken from the title of the agenda item when the matter was raised in the National Diet.
Overview The following summary is based on Chapter VI of Takasugi, 1982, as cited in the references. 以下、概要は参考文献の高杉、1982年の第Ⅵ章による。 In 1955, nurses at Niigata Psychiatric Hospital went on strike during a labor dispute , which disrupted patient treatment and resulted in deaths. Three union leaders were subsequently dismissed by the hospital. The nurses claimed this was unfair dismissal and filed for a provisional injunction with the Niigata District Court to maintain their positions, leading to a legal battle with the hospital. During this process, the dismissed nurses' accusations revealed that, under the direction of Shigehiro Katsura, a professor of internal medicine at Niigata University , physicians from the university had injected rickettsiae into 149 psychiatric patients at the hospital , causing some patients to have their skin peeled off. 新潟大ツツガムシ病人体実験 - 平成医新（医療関係者によるブログ）。その後、新潟県労働委員会はこの解雇を不当労働行為とした命令を下す。病院側は命令の取消を求める訴訟を起こし、最高裁判所まで争われたが、最高裁は1964年に病院側による上告を棄却した（最高裁判例・最高裁判決主文理由）。 On September 2, 1956 , the Yomiuri Shimbun reported that eight patients died and one committed suicide as a result of the injections.
Professor Katsura initially told the media that the injections were a fever therapy conducted in collaboration with a psychiatric hospital. However, this explanation was questionable because, although this therapy is effective for syphilis , many of the patients who received the injections had schizophrenia ; psychiatrists were hardly involved , and there were no records in medical charts or nursing logs ; and the duration of the fever was shorter than the number of days that should have been necessary for treating syphilis.
Later, on November 29, 1956, the Yomiuri Shimbun published a statement by Katsura saying that "the real purpose of the injections was research into scrub typhus." Mentally ill patients were used as test subjects in experiments where they were injected with rickettsiae, which caused them to develop fevers, and then their fevers were cooled with aureomycin and chloramycetin, drugs that were not permitted for import or use in Japan at the time .
The Japan Federation of Bar Associations took issue with this , 医師の人体実験に関する件（決議） - 日本弁護士連合会ウェブサイト（1957年4月7日発表の決議） and the issue was debated in the Diet in 1957. 第26回国会文教委員会議事録 昭和三十二年七月十一日 However, despite the case constituting assault , the matter ended with only a warning from the Ministry of Justice that it was " human experimentation ."
In his book "Unit 731: Pursuing the Doctors of Germ Warfare" (Tokuma Shoten, 1982), journalist Shingo Takasugi points out the possibility of U.S. military involvement in this matter, citing as evidence that two researchers (Masami Kitaoka, head of the Department of Virus and Rickettsia at the National Institute of Preventive Health, and Yasushi Asanuma, head of the Department of Applied Insects at the National Institute of Resource Sciences ) , who were reported in the Kanagawa Shimbun in 1967 神奈川新聞1967年5月28日 to have been the point of contact for U.S. military funding for scrub mite research, and Takeo Tamiya, who was reported in the Mainichi Shimbun in February 1982 毎日新聞1982年2月5日 to have been approached by GHQ for human experiments with typhus , were present at a meeting called the " Rickettsia Symposium " held in 1956（高杉著「七三一部隊」1982年第Ⅵ章より）「ウイルス」という日本ウイルス学会の雑誌をみていたところ、1956年の6巻3号に「昭和30年度リケッチア・シンポジウム記録」という特集を見つけ出したのだ。, along with Shigehiro Katsura, and that Tamiya mentioned support from the U.S. government in his speech .
Citations
References 高杉晋吾『にっぽんのアウシュウィッツを追って』教育史料出版会 1984年 高杉晋吾『日本の人体実験』三笠書房、1973年 高杉晋吾『七三一部隊 細菌戦の医師を追え』徳間書店、1982年 今日における人体実験(1)戦後日本の人体実験問題例 - 土屋貴志（大阪市立大学准教授）の同志社大学における講義用ノート
Related topics Human Experiments on Infants at the Nagoya Municipal Infant Home Human experimentation rickettsia Kyushu University Vivisection Incident
External links 新潟精神病院における恙虫病原体接種事件について(昭和三二年一一月四日)(医発第九六三号)(各都道府県知事あて厚生省医務・公衆衛生局長連名通知) - 法令等データベースサービス（厚生労働省）
新潟大学におけるツツガムシ病原菌の人体接種問題