The table gives estimated annual production of new book titles and editions by language, in descending order. The figures are arithmetic sums of country-language estimates for 197 publishing jurisdictions. The reference period is principally 2021–2023; 2020 or another observation from the preceding decade is used where it is the latest transparent evidence. Values prefixed by “≈” are estimates. Country contributions are listed from the largest to the smallest.
List of languages