Auva (Auva pronunciation: [ɔ˥ va̱˨˩] "human being") or Alva, AuwaYunnan Gazetteer Commission [云南省地方志编纂委员会] (ed). 1998. Yunnan Provincial Gazetteer, Vol. 59: Minority Languages Orthographies Gazetteer [云南省志. 卷五十九, 少数民族语言文字志]. Kunming: Yunnan People's Press [云南人民出版社]. is a Northern Angkuic language of Yunnan, China. Its speakers are an unclassified ethnic minority; the Chinese government counts the Auva speakers as members of the Bulang nationality, but the Angkuic languages are not intelligible with Bulang.
Auva speakers refer to themselves as [va̱˨˩] or [ɔ˥ va̱˨˩], which are cognates to the U autonym uʔ⁵⁵ ("human being") and other Angkuic languages. Neighboring atonal Waic speakers, who are classified as ethnic Wa, call the Auva as vaʔ.
Sociolinguistics Auva and Waic speakers resides in the same village clusters of Wendong Wa Ethnic Township, Lancang Lahu Autonomous County, Yunnan. Despite both being Palaungic languages, the two are mutually unintelligible and are classified as separate ethnic groups, Blang and Wa, respectively.
Auva is closely related to U, together forming a Northern Angkuic dialect chain scattered across West-Central Yunnan. Individual lects are undergoing rapid diversification.
Phonology Consonants Onsets + Auva onsetsLabial Alveolar Retroflex(Alveolo-)PalatalVelarUvularGlottalcentralsibilantPlosiveplainaspiratedvoicedFricativevoicelessvoicedNasalvoicelessvoicedLateralRhotic
Codas +Auva codasBilabialAlveolarPalatalVelarGlottal Plosive Nasal Glide
Vowels Unlike the neighboring Waic language, Auva vowels have both lax and tense quality. Creaky voice is reported by Hsiu (2015), but there is no available example. The source lists Auva diphthongs as follows: /au ua ue uə uo ui iə ia ɤi ei ɔi/. +Auva monophthongsFrontCentralBack plain tense plain tense plain tenseCloseClose-midMidOpen-midOpen
Suprasegmentals (tones) Auva has at least five or six tones according to the sources: /55/, /51/, 35/, /33/, /21/, and /13/.
Lexicon Pronouns singular plural 1st person ʔau⁵⁵ ʔɤi⁵⁵ 2nd person mi⁵¹ pʰɤi⁵⁵ 3rd person ʔɤt⁵⁵ kɤi³¹ Numerals Note: loan words are not displayed. Gloss Auva proto-Palaungic 1 ma²¹ *moːh 2 ʔa⁵¹ *ləʔaːr 3 ʔuei⁵¹ *ləʔɔːj 4 (Tai loan) *poːn 5 – *pəsan 6 – *tɔːl 7 – *təpuːl 8 – *taːʔ 9 – *tiːm 10 – *kɤːl 100 pak¹³ *prjah 1000 r̥eŋ⁵⁵ *sreːŋ
Flora & colors Gloss Auva proto-Palaungic black tɕʰem⁵¹ *jam, *laŋ bamboo r̥ɤk⁵⁵ *hrəŋ flower ʐaŋ⁵¹ *raːŋ fruit pʰli⁵¹ *pleeʔ green/blue ɬəŋ⁵¹ *sŋaal, *ɲ(ɛ/iə)r house qaŋ⁵¹ *gaaŋ; *ɲaaʔ; *slaŋ leaf ɬa̱²¹si̱²¹ *hlaʔ red tɕʰɻaŋ⁵¹/tʂʰaŋ⁵¹ *rooŋ rice tree ŋ̥ɔ̱²¹ *sŋɔːʔ taro tɕʰɻu̱²¹ sᵊroʔ yellow pʰɔ̃²¹ *rmiit
Fauna Gloss Auva proto-Palaungic buffalo tʰrak⁵¹ *traːk bear kʰrih³¹ *kreːs bee ɕiar⁵¹ *psiər bird kʰuəŋ⁵¹ tɕʰim²¹ *ciːm dog tɕʰɔ̱²¹ *cɔːʔ fowl ʔiə̃⁵¹ *ʔiɛr horse bra̱k⁵⁵ *mraŋ louse dʑʰi⁵¹ *ciːʔ pig li̱k⁵⁵ *-leːk tiger vai⁵¹ *rwaaj
References
Citations
Bibliography
Nanjian County Gazetteer Commission [南涧县志编纂委员会编] (ed). 1993. Nanjian County Gazetteer [南涧彝族自治县志]. Chengdu: Sichuan Reference Press [四川辞书出版社]. Na Ruzhen [納汝珍], et al. (eds). 1994. Zhenkang County Ethnic Gazetteer [镇康县民族志]. Kunming: Yunnan People's Press [云南民族出版社]. Simao Prefecture Ethnic Minority Affairs Bureau [思茅行暑民族事务委员会] (ed). 1990. A study of the Bulang people [布朗族研究]. m.s. Simao Prefecture Ethnic Minority Affairs Bureau [思茅行暑民族事务委员会] (ed). 1991. A study of the Bulang people [布朗族研究]. Kunming: Yunnan People's Press [云南人民出版社]. Xiao Dehua [萧德虎], et al. (eds). 1992. Zhenkang County Gazetteer [镇康县志]. 1992. Chengdu: Sichuan People's Press [四川民族出版社]. Yunnan Gazetteer Commission [云南省地方志编纂委员会] (ed). 1998. Yunnan Provincial Gazetteer, Vol. 59: Minority Languages Orthographies Gazetteer [云南省志. 卷五十九, 少数民族语言文字志]. Kunming: Yunnan People's Press [云南人民出版社]. Tao Yuming [陶玉明]. 2012. The Bulang people of China [中国布朗族]. Yinchuan: Ningxia People's Press [宁夏人民出版社].
External links
Angkuic lexical comparative study