Elections to the Philippine Legislature were held on June 5, 1934 pursuant to the Jones Law of 1916 which prescribed elections for every three years. Votes elected 92 members of the House of Representatives in the Philippine House of Representatives elections; and 11 out of 24 members of the Senate in the Philippine Senate elections.

Background

Senate President Manuel Quezon initiated an idea to lobby an independence bill to US Congress, but due to his failing health, he proposed it to Senate President Pro-Tempore Sergio Osmeña and House Speaker Manuel Roxas. The latter two's independence lobby dubbed OsRox Mission.

After negotiations of OsRox, an independence bill was passed authored by South Carolina Representative Butler Hare, Missouri Senator Harry Bartow Hawes and New Mexico Senator Bronson M. Cutting (Hare–Hawes–Cutting Act). But when it was in a Senate Committee, many members debated to prolong commonwealth years, with others arguing about military presence. In Manila, even though Quezon believes that the independence bill will pass through, opposition to some of its provisions mounted from Filipino members of the Legislature.

After many arguments, session endings, and demonstrations, in December 1932, the Hare–Hawes–Cutting Act passed on the both chambers, and overridden the veto of President Herbert Hoover by January 1933. With the passage of the bill, Philippine Legislature needs to ratify it. Quezon stated his opposition, and called for revision of some of the provisions.

With the return of Osmeña and Roxas in Manila by August 1933, and they clashed with Quezon, who campaigned for the rejection of it. Only 7 senators and 24 representatives voted for the bill. Later, Quezon lobbied for Tydings–McDuffie Act, with only difference is the military bases provision which can be negotiated its extension. This caused another party split (last happened in 1922), with Quezon has Nacionalista Democratico (Antis) against OsRox's Nacionalista Democrata Pro-Independencia (Pros).

Results

Senate election results + ↓168DemocraticoPro-Independencia

House election results

+ ↓70193DemocraticoPro-Independencia

See also 10th Philippine Legislature 1934 Philippine House of Representatives elections 1934 Philippine Senate elections

References