List of presidents of the Philippines by other offices held

This is a list of presidents of the Philippines by offices held before their presidency (either elected or appointed).

Every president except Corazon Aquino has served as at least one of the following: a vice president of the Philippines a member of the presidential cabinet a member of Congress (either a Philippine senator or representative) a provincial governor a military general

Executive branch Presidents This list only counts unrecognized governments prior to the establishment of the First Philippine Republic. PresidentGovernmentYear(s) servedNotesEmilio AguinaldoTejeros Revolutionary Government1897Biak-na-Bato RepublicDictatorial Government1898Revolutionary Government1898–1899

Vice presidents Vice PresidentPresident served underYear(s) servedNotesSergio OsmeñaManuel L. Quezon1935–1944Osmeña succeeded Quezon, after the latter's deathElpidio QuirinoManuel Roxas1946–1948Quirino succeeded Roxas, after the latter's death; ran and won a full term in 1949Carlos P. GarciaRamon Magsaysay1953–1957Garcia succeeded Magsaysay, after the latter's death; ran and won a full term in 1957Diosdado MacapagalCarlos P. Garcia1957–1961Macapagal defeated Garcia in 1961Joseph EstradaFidel V. Ramos1992–1998Estrada ran for a full term in 1998Gloria Macapagal ArroyoJoseph Estrada1998–2001Arroyo succeeded Estrada, after the latter's resignation; ran and won a full term in 2004 3 other former vice presidents (Salvador Laurel, Jejomar Binay, and Leni Robredo) all made unsuccessful runs for the presidency.

Cabinet secretaries The following list includes only cabinet secretaries who served full-time. Vice presidents who served concurrently as cabinet secretaries are not included. For the list of concurrent appointments, see . SecretaryOfficePresident served underYear(s) servedElpidio QuirinoSecretary of FinanceManuel Quezon1934– 1936Secretary of Interior1935–1938Manuel Roxas1941Ramon MagsaysaySecretary of National DefenseElpidio Quirino1935–1944Fidel V. RamosCorazon Aquino1988–1991

Other positions NameOfficePresident served underYear(s) servedGloria Macapagal ArroyoUndersecretary of the Department of Trade and IndustryCorazon Aquino1987–1992

Legislative Senators SenatorDistrictYear(s) servedNotesManuel L. Quezon5th1916–1935First president to have served as Senate president (1916–1935)Jose P. Laurel1925–1931Only former president to have served as senator (1951–1957)Only senator to have served as majority floor leader (1925–1931)Sergio Osmeña10th1922–1935First president to have served as president pro tempore (1922–1934)Manuel RoxasAt-large1945–1946Second president to have served as Senate president (1916–1935)Elpidio Quirino1st1925–1935Second and last president to have served as president pro tempore (1945–1946)At-large1945–1946Carlos P. Garcia1945–1953First president to have served as minority floor leader (1946–1953)Ferdinand E. Marcos1959–1965Second and last president to have served as minority floor leader (1960–1962)Third and last president to have served as Senate president (1963–1965)Joseph Estrada1987–1992Gloria Macapagal Arroyo1992–1998Benigno Aquino III2007–2010Did not finish term due to winning the presidencyBongbong Marcos2010–2016

Members of a lower (or sole) legislative house LegislatorDistrictName of lower (or sole) houseYear(s) servedNotesManuel L. QuezonTayabas–1stPhilippine Assembly1907–1909First president to have served as majority floor leader (1907–1909)Sergio OsmeñaCebu–2nd1907–1916First president to have served as speaker (1907–1916)House of Representatives1916–1922Manuel RoxasCapiz–1st1922–1935Second president to have served as majority floor leaderSecond president to have served as speaker (1922–1934)National Assembly1935–1938Elpidio QuirinoIlocos Sur–1stHouse of Representatives1919–1925Ramon MagsaysayZambales at-large1946–1950Carlos P. GarciaBohol–3rd1925–1931Diosdado MacapagalPampanga–1st1949–1957Ferdinand E. MarcosIlocos Norte–2nd1949–1959Benigno Aquino IIITarlac–2nd1998–2007Only president to have served as deputy speaker (2004–2006)Rodrigo DuterteDavao City–1st1998–2001Bongbong MarcosIlocos Norte–2nd1992–1995; 2007– 2010

Local government Governors GovernorProvinceYear(s) servedNotesManuel QuezonTayabas1906–1907Sergio OsmeñaCebu1904–1907Manuel RoxasCapiz1919–1922Carlos P. GarciaBohol1933–1941Ramon MagsaysayZambales1945As military governorBongbong MarcosIlocos Norte1983–1986; 1998–2007Only president to have served as vice governor (1980–1983)

Mayors MayorCity/municipalityYear(s) servedNotesJoseph EstradaSan Juan1969–1986First former president to serve as mayor (2013–2019)Rodrigo DuterteDavao City1988–1998; 2001–2010; 2013–2016Only president to have served as vice mayor (1986–1987; 2010–2013)Second former president elected as mayor (2025)

Municipal/city councilors NameCity/municipalityProvinceYear(s) servedManuel QuezonLucenaTayabas1906Manuel RoxasCapizCapiz1917–1919

Judiciary NamePositionYear(s) servedPresidentNotesJose P. LaurelAssociate Justice of the Supreme Court1936–1942Manuel QuezonOnly president to have served on the Supreme Court

International affairs-related NameOfficePresident served underYear(s) servedManuel QuezonResident Commissioner of the PhilippinesNone (Under American rule)1909–1916

Presidents who had not previously held elective office Without previous experience in government, but served in the military NameYear(s) servedEmilio Aguinaldo1899–1901

Without previous experience in government or in the military NameYear(s) servedCorazon Aquino1986–1992

See also List of former presidents of the Philippines who pursued public office

References