1952−54 Nepal census

The 1952−54 Nepal census was the 5th national census and first modern census of Nepal. It was conducted after the advent of the democracy in 1951. The census recorded a total population of 8,256,625.

The census was conducted by the then Department of Statistics (Sankhya Bibhag) that had been established in 1950. The department was established with a core of five officers who had received training on census methods at the International Training Center on Censuses and Statistics sponsored by the United Nations and the Government of India, in New Delhi in 1949.

The census was planned taking into consideration the concepts recommended by the U.N. for the world census of 1950. The Census was carried out in two stages: the Eastern part of the country except Mahottari District was enumerated in 1952 whereas the Western part and Mahottari District were enumerated in 1954.

Key findings The key findings of 1952−54 census are as follows: Total population8,256,625Intercensal change 1,972,976Intercensal change percentage31.40%Annual growth rate 2.27%Population density (per km2)56.1Male population4,050,607Female population4,184,472Gender ratio96.8Literacy rate5.3%

Population distribution +Population by ecological region (1952−54)Ecological regionPopulationPercentage (%)Mountain & Hill5,349,98864.8Terai2,906,63735.2Nepal8,256,625100 There were nine regions in Nepal during the time of 1952−54 census. Population figures for those regions are as follows: +Population by region (1952−54)RegionPopulationPercentage (%)Eastern Hills1,708,81620.70Eastern Inner Terai189,2282.29Eastern Terai1,806,04921.87Kathmandu Valley410,9954.98Central Inner Terai239,6772.90Western Hills3,229,17739.11Western Inner Terai89,3151.08Western Terai348,1794.22Far Western Terai235,1892.85Nepal 8,256,625100

Population by district The census districts of 1952−54 census were based on revenue districts, known as Mal or Ilaka. However, some census district boundaries differed from the actual revenue district boundaries because of unclear boundary demarcation or to facilitate enumeration where parts of a district were more easily accessible from a neighboring district. Some revenue districts were split into two census districts. For the census purposes, the districts of Kathmandu Valley were further subdivided into urban and rural blocks. +Population by district (1952−54)S.NRegionDistrict nameDistrict name in NepaliPopulation1Eastern HillsSindhupalchokसिन्धुपाल्चोक174,6302Kabhrepalanchokकाभ्रेपलाञ्चोक187,6853Dolakhaदोलखा125,3844Chisankhu (Ramechhap)चिसङ्खु (रामेछाप)116,5775Chisankhu (Okhaldhunga)चिसङ्खु (ओखलढुङ्गा)145,1476Majhkiratमाझकिरात120,1687Bhojpurभोजपुर229,2318Dhankuta (Tehrathum)धनकुटा (तेह्रथूम)375,2469Dhankuta (Chhathum)धनकुटा (छथूम)121,90010Ilamइलाम112,84811Eastern Inner TeraiSindhuliसिन्धुली100,66312Udayapurउदयपुर88,56513Eastern TeraiParsaपर्सा114,10714Baraबारा210,00715Rautahatरौतहट189,22316Sarlahiसर्लाही134,34017Mahottariमहोत्तरी418,43618Saptari (Siraha)सप्तरी (सिराहा)176,74719Saptari (Hanumannagar)सप्तरी (हनुमाननगर)254,28520Biratnagarविराटनगर228,74621Jhapaझापा80,15822Kathmandu ValleyKathmandu (urban)काठमाडौँ (शहर)105,24723Kathmandu (rural)काठमाडौँ (गाँउ)88,53524Lalitpur (urban)ललितपुर (शहर)41,33425Lalitpur (rural)ललितपुर (गाँउ)92,41926Bhaktapur (urban)भक्तपुर (शहर)32,11827Bhaktapur (rural)भक्तपुर (गाँउ)51,34228Central Inner TeraiChisapaniचिसापानी180,55429Chitawanचितवन42,72430Nawalpurनवलपुर16,39931Western HillsNuwakotनुवाकोट147,49632Dhadingधादिङ133,56233Gorkhaगोरखा135,97534Tanahunतनहुँ113,67735Lamjungलम्जुङ125,32936Kaskiकास्की111,74737Syangjaस्याङ्जा317,78538Palpaपाल्पा147,55139Gulmiगुल्मी272,80540Baglungबाग्लुङ207,53841Pyuthanप्यूठान198,13842Salyanसल्यान375,50743Dailekhदैलेख259,83444Jumlaजुम्ला165,29845Dotiडोटी315,16846Baitadiबैतडी132,14847Dadeldhuraडडेल्धुरा69,61948Western Inner TeraiDeukhuriदेउखुरी38,78949Dangदाङ50,52650Western TeraiPalhiपाल्ही81,15851Majhkhandaमाझखण्ड117,57552Khajahaniखजहनी116,03953Shivarajशिवराज33,40754Far Western TeraiBankeबाँके82,44955Bardiya बर्दिया58,38956Kailaliकैलाली76,60657Kanchanpurकञ्चनपुर17,745Nepalनेपाल8,256,625 Population by language The 1952−54 census recorded details for 53 languages/dialects but final tabulations were made only for 36 languages. There were significant problems while collecting details of Terai languages. Often the answer for the question about language was Dehati, which is not an actual language rather a generic term for rural dialects of various languages spoken in Terai region. These Dehati (rural Terai) dialects were classified according to the region. +Languages by number of native speakers (1952−54)S.N.LanguageNumber of native speakers Percentage (%)1Nepali4,013,56748.742Maithili Pradesh Dialects617,4437.504Tamang/Lama494,7456.015Eastern Terai Dialects460,9465.606Newari383,1844.657Tharu359,5944.378Maithili300,7683.659Magar273,7803.3210Western Terai Dialects259,0153.1511Rai Kirat236,0492.8712Gurung162,1921.9713Limbu145,5111.7714Morang Pradesh Dialects106,5691.2915Hindi80,1810.9716Bhote, Sherpa70,1320.8517Far Western Terai Dialects69,4460.8418Rajbanshi/Tajpuriya35,5430.4319Urdu32,5450.4020Sunuwar17,2990.2121Satar16,7510.2022Bhojpuri16,3350.2023Chepang14,2610.1724Thami10,2400.1225Bengali9,3750.1126Danuwar9,1380.1127Majhi5,7290.0728Dhimal5,6710.0729Jhangar4,8120.0630Marwadi4,2440.0531Kumhale/Kumal3,5100.0432Thakali3,3070.0433Darai3,0840.0434Jirel2,7210.0335Byansi1,7860.0236Raji1,5140.02Other languages3,3400.04Unknown7520.01Total8,235,079100

1952−54 Nepal census

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